Gonzaga Debate Institute 2011 Mercury China Coop Aff
Coop Solves – ASATs (1/2)
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- Coop Solves – ASATs (2/2)
Coop Solves – ASATs (1/2)US cooperation will encourage China to cease ASAT development Hitchens, World Security Institute Center for Defense Information director, 7 (Theresa – Leads the CDI’s Space Security Project and serves on the editorial board of the Bulletin of atomic Scientists and is a member of Women in International Security and the International Institue for Strategic Studies, U.S.-Sino Relations in Space: From “War of Words” to Cold War in Space, China Security Issue 5 pp. 18-19, http://www.chinasecurity.us/pdfs/Issue5full.pdf) AC On the civil space side, Beijing is also likely to feel repercussions in its efforts to spur cooperation with NASA on planetary exploration. Considering that there were strong voices in the U.S. national security establishment, and in Congress, opposing last year’s visit to China by NASA Administrator Michael Griffin and accusing China of wanting nothing except access to technology it could supply to its military programs, it is almost inconceivable that any new progress can be made in the wake of the ASAT test. And since civil cooperation in space is largely a political exercise for the United States, withholding cooperation is also a method of political punishment. Indeed, U.S. National Security Council spokesman Gordon Johndroe told reporters on Jan. 18 that “The United States believes China’s development and testing of such weapons is inconsistent with the spirit of cooperation that both countries aspire to in the civil space area.”18 Likewise, military-to-military cooperation in space as a means of confidence-building – as called for by Gen. James Cartwright, head of U.S. Strategic Command last year19 – is now unlikely to get anywhere fast. Sen. Bill Nelson, D-Fla., the chairman of the Senate Armed Services strategic forces subcommittee that oversees military space spending, called a closed-door hearing on the Chinese test on Jan. 25, and reminded reporters that he has long been concerned about the transfer of U.S. technology to China that could allow it to become a space competitor.20 Christopher Padilla, assistant secretary for export administration at the U.S. Commerce Department, told reporters in Beijing on Jan. 25 that the test had contributed to distrust between the U.S. and Chinese governments. Padilla, who was in China to explain a proposed U.S. plan to heighten export controls on high technology to China, said: “I raised the point that the test is one more example of how a lack of transparency and clarity requires the U.S. to hedge its relations with China.”21 This is too bad, for both sides, in that such cooperation and confidence-building – even if baby steps – would work to improve understanding between Chinese and American space officials and help mitigate against future misunderstandings. U.S. and China space co-operation will deter China from further ASAT operations Ressler, U.S. Air Force Major, 9 (Aaron R., Advancing Sino-U.S. Space Cooperation, April 2009, p. iv, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA539619, accessed 6/29/11) EK On January 11, 2007, China successfully executed a direct-ascent anti-satellite (ASAT) test/demonstration by destroying one of its aging weather satellites. This event captured the attention of the world, especially the U.S. It is believed that China is pursuing a host of counterspace capabilities but the question remains as to why. There are many possible reasons for China’s pursuit of counterspace capabilities, with one of the more likely being a means to gain an advantage when facing a dominant conventional military force. Whatever China’s motivation is, it is important for the U.S. to take action to deter China from further ASAT operations that could possibly harm satellite systems on orbit. It is the intent of this research to propose the idea of U.S.-China space cooperation in order to deter the PRC from potentially harmful ASAT operations. This is especially important given the current lack of dialogue between these two nations with regard to space issues. The respective space policies of the U.S. and China show that each nation is open to space cooperation, and both currently engage in international space cooperative efforts. U.S.-China space cooperation can provide benefits to both nations and ultimately provide greater transparency and trust with regard to each nation’s space activities. Acquiring this transparency and trust through cooperation could be an ideal solution in deterring China from further harmful ASAT operations. [NOTE: ASAT = anti-satellite weapon] Coop Solves – ASATs (2/2)Cooperation and Dialogue will create a solution to the ASAT tension Hitchens, World Security Institute Center for Defense Information director, 7 (Theresa – Leads the CDI’s Space Security Project and serves on the editorial board of the Bulletin of atomic Scientists and is a member of Women in International Security and the International Institue for Strategic Studies, U.S.-Sino Relations in Space: From “War of Words” to Cold War in Space, China Security Issue 5 pp. 27, http://www.chinasecurity.us/pdfs/Issue5full.pdf) AC Finally, the United States and China need to recognize that they must make an effort to manage their emerging competition in military space in a manner that does not undercut their own national security, as well as the security of others. Breaking off nascent discussions about space cooperation in favor of launching a kind of Cold War in space is bound to backfire on both Washington and Beijing in the long run. Instead, a frank and open dialogue about each side’s national security concerns in space is called for – along with serious consideration of how a new code of conduct for behavior in space might be drafted to clearly demark the boundaries of acceptable and unacceptable behavior in space. A code of conduct for space is not a radical, or even new, idea. Indeed, the administration of Ronald Reagan, while pursuing space-based missile defenses and an ASAT program, also was considering the value of pursuing a code of conduct that might include measures such as barring attacks on early warning satellites.53 Pursuit of a space code more recently has been endorsed by a number of international media outlets, including The Economist, a libertarian-oriented British magazine, and U.S. trade journal Aviation Week & Space Technology.54 China and the United States should take heed, and seek to shape rules of the road that can help ensure mutual security in space for all. Failure to act to restrain unfettered military competition in space is bound to result in a “Wild West” environment that raises the risks not only to Chinese and U.S. uses of space, but to the peace and prosperity of the entire world. *** Cooperation Advantage Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.99 Mb. Share with your friends:
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