Gonzaga Debate Institute 2011 Mercury China Coop Aff
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- Can’t Spy Through Coop – Military and Civilian Separated
Can’t Spy Through CoopChina cannot be singled out for spying through its human exploration missions, and even if China was spying they would use satellites like everyone else Xianqi, professor at the Institute of Command and Technology, and Junqin, PhD candidate at the Institute of Command and Technology, 6 (Maj. Gen. Chang and Maj. Sui “Active Exploration and Peaceful Use of Outer Space” accessed: 6-30-11 http://www.chinasecurity.us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=244) TJL Two problems exist in the viewpoints mentioned above. First, it is unnecessary for China to use a manned spacecraft in order to undertake reconnaissance. Unmanned space vehicles can, of course, observe the ground from space; this is one function of China’s application satellites, e.g. meteorological, resource observation and disaster monitoring satellites. China has possessed this technology for a long time, and it can be deployed entirely on satellites. Thus, it is not necessary to perform ground observation by manned spacecraft with limited payloads. Second, singling out China for such attention is illogical. Nations other than China have utilized Earth observation capabilities for reconnaissance purposes. Furthermore, the major space-faring powers launch numerous Earth observation satellites each year and their precision is improving. Do these not pose larger threats to the safety of other countries? In addition, there are other countries that have carried out manned space flights for many days and also have space stations in orbit year-round. Do these not also pose greater military threats to other countries? This rationale is analogous to stating that a sovereign country has no right to possess Earth observation technology. Can’t Spy Through Coop – Military and Civilian SeparatedNo risk to cooperating with China – coop with Russia proves Goddard, freelance foreign correspondent for British national newspapers including The Times, Sunday Telegraph and The Scotsman, 2011 (Jaques, “Lost in Space,” South China Times, http://events.scmp.com/news/content/LastSpaceShuttle/home.html#popupswf, July 8, accessed July 9, 2011, NS) Space centre worker Terry White helped to build the shuttle Columbia in the 1970s. "There will be another space race but I don't think it will be the activity it was back then with just two powers," he said, standing in the orbiter processing facility at space centre beside the shuttle Discovery, which is being decommissioned along with the Endeavour ready for museum display. "Everyone's going to have to catch up to the Chinese ... the Chinese are the ones who are really marching down that road to the moon now." Nasa head Major Charlie Bolden sees China not so much as a threat to US pre-eminence in space as a potential future partner. But under a clause inserted into a 2011 funding bill passed by Congress in April, he is banned from entering into any such partnership in the current fiscal year. The congressman who wrote the wording, Republican Frank Wolf, wants to make it permanent. "Most countries expanding their space programmes are strong US allies that are primarily interested in advancing science research or building a commercial space industry. The Chinese, however, do not fall into this category," he reasoned at the time. He noted the "surprising pace" at which China is developing its space programme, launching its first astronaut into orbit in 2003, performing its first spacewalk in 2008, unveiling plans earlier this year for a space station in low-earth orbit, and in March announcing plans for a heavy-lift rocket capable of launching manned missions to the moon and beyond. Voicing his fears that China is working to a military-driven agenda, he added: "The US has no business co-operating with the [People's Liberation Army] to develop its space programme." Leroy Chiao, 50, a former Nasa astronaut of Chinese descent, told the South China Morning Post (SEHK: 0583, announcements, news) : "I don't know how else to characterise this but good old-fashioned xenophobia and isolationism. Charlie [Bolden] is very much a believer in international co-operation, as am I, and President Obama and the White House scientific adviser John Holdren. "I think all of us believe that we should constructively engage countries like China, especially in a civil space programme, just as we have done with the Russians. We were mortal enemies with the Soviet Union and here we are working with them in the most ambitious civil space project, the International Space Station, for two decades." Chiao, whose parents are Chinese, left Nasa in 2005 after three shuttle missions and a turn as commander of the space station. In 2006, he was the first American allowed inside China's Astronaut Research and Training Centre. "I don't believe there's any need to fear China's civil space programme. It doesn't advance their military space programme if the US were to co-operate with them in civil space - for example, have them join the ISS and learn how to co-operate in space conducting research." In 2009, Chiao served on the independent panel set up by Obama to review the US manned space programme. One of its suggestions was that international co-operation in space should be expanded. Chiao is keen for the US to engage China and others on future lunar activities, such as testing rovers on the moon, as part of an international push beyond low-earth orbit. "What will happen if we don't? We would take steps backwards, as some members of Congress are already doing," he said. 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