Higher Education Policy Note Pakistan An Assessment of the Medium-Term Development Framework Report No. 37247 Higher Education Policy Note Pakistan: An Assessment of the Medium-Term Development Framework June 28



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Fund raising


Direct donations

Monetary grants

Equipment

Land and buildings

Scholarships and student loans

Endowed chairs

Indirect donations (credit card, percentage of gas sales,

percentage of stock exchange trade, challenging grant)

Tied donations (access to patents, share of spin-off

profits)


Concessions, franchising, licensing, sponsorships, partnerships (products sold on campus, names, concerts, museum showings, athletic events)

Lotteries and auctions (scholarships)



X

X

X

X


X

X


X

X

X



X
X

X


X

X



X

X

X





X

X



Source: World Bank mission

Annex 10: Enrollment and Cost Projections, 2005-2015, Framework and Methodology

(The Education Simulation Model)










Annex 11: Detailed Projection of Costs and Resources:

Universities and Higher Education Sector (2005 to 2015, Rs Billion)

















































Table A: Universities











































 

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2005/2015

Costs

 













 













 

 

Base Case

30.0

45.5

58.8

72.1

85.5

99.4

113.7

128.6

144.2

160.5

177.3

1115.7

High Case

29.2

41.9

52.8

63.4

74.2

85.1

97.3

109.9

123.0

136.6

150.5

963.9

 

 













 













 

 

Resources

 













 













 

 

Base Case

27.7

39.4

42.2

45.0

48.1

51.4

54.9

58.8

62.9

67.4

72.2

570.0

High Case

27.7

39.4

46.4

54.0

62.3

71.5

81.7

92.9

105.4

119.3

134.7

835.2

 

 













 













 

 

Gap

 













 













 

 

Base Case

2.3

6.1

16.7

27.1

37.5

48.0

58.8

69.9

81.3

93.1

105.0

545.7

High Case

1.5

2.5

6.3

9.4

11.9

13.7

15.7

17.0

17.5

17.3

15.9

128.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











































Table B: Higher Education Sub-Sector (HESS)











































 

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2005/-2015

Costs

 













 













 

 

Base Case

38.0

55.6

70.4

84.9

99.6

114.6

130.0

146.0

162.6

179.9

197.7

1279.2

High Case

37.2

51.8

63.9

75.7

87.4

99.4

112.6

126.2

140.2

154.7

169.6

1118.8

 

 













 













 

 

Resources

 













 













 

 

Base Case

35.7

48.8

52.1

55.5

59.2

63.2

67.5

72.0

77.0

82.3

88.0

701.3

High Case

35.7

48.8

56.4

64.5

73.4

83.3

94.2

106.2

119.5

134.2

150.5

966.6

 

 













 













 

 

Gap

 













 













 

 

Base Case

2.3

6.8

18.3

29.4

40.4

51.4

62.6

74.0

85.6

97.6

109.7

577.9

High Case

1.5

3.1

7.5

11.2

14.0

16.1

18.4

20.0

20.7

20.5

19.2

152.2

REFERENCES
Andrabi, Tahir, Das, Jishnu and Khwaja, Asim Ijaz (2006). Students Today, Teachers Tomorrow? The Rise of Private Schooling in Pakistan. The World Bank.
Das, Jishnu, Pandey, Priyanka, and Zajonc, Tristan (2006). Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan. Policy Research Working Paper. World Bank (forthcoming).
Government of Pakistan (1998). National Education Policy (1998-2010). Ministry of Education, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan (2001). Pakistan Integrated Household Survey 1998/99, Statistics Division Federal Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad
Government of Pakistan (2002). Higher Education Commission Ordinance
Government of Pakistan (2002), The Taskforce on Improvement of Higher Education in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities, Ministry of Education, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan (2004). Education Sector Reform – Action Plan 2001-02 - 2005-06, Ministry of Education, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan (2005). Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey - PSLSMS, Statistics Division Federal Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad
Higher Education Commission (2005). Medium Term Development Framework 2005-2010, Islamabad
Hussain, Iftikhar (2005). Visit to Korea, October 26-30 2005, Presentation to University/Industry Linkages Meeting, Higher Education Commission.
Isani, Dr. Captain U.A.G. and Virk, Dr. Mohammad Latif (2005). Higher Education in Pakistan: A Historic and Futuristic Perspective, National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
Jaumotte, Florence and Nigel Pain (2005). An Overview of Public Policies to Support Innovation, Working Paper No. 456, Economics Department, OECD, Paris.
Johnstone, D Bruce (2003). Higher Education Finance and Accessibility: Tuition Fees and Student Loans in Sub Saharan Africa, p 3.

Lenn, Marjorie Peace (2004). Quality Assurance and Accreditation in Higher Education in East Asia and the Pacific, The World Bank East Asia and Pacific Region Human Development Sector Unit Working Paper Series, Paper No. 2004-6


OECD (2005). Education at a Glance, Paris.
Pakistan Council for Science and Technology (2005). Evaluation of Research, Islamabad,
Perkinson, Ron (2005). Alternative & Innovative Financing for Non-State Education, Presentation to OECD Global Forum on Education.
Raja, Selman Aram (2004). Chapter 4 “Reform of University Legislations.” Steering Committee Report.
Riboud, Michelle, Savchenko, Yevgeniya, and Hong Tan (2006). The Knoweldge Economy and Education and Training in South Asia: A Mapping Exercise of Available Survey Data. World Bank mimeo.
Sabir, Muhammad (2005). Gender and Public Spending on Education in Pakistan: A Case Study

of Disaggregated Benefit Incidence, Economics Working Paper.
Salmi, Jamil and Hauptman, Arthur (2006). Innovations in Tertiary Education Financing: A comparative Evaluation of Allocation Mechanisms. Invited Paper presented at the Dijon Conference on Economics of Education in June 2006.
UNDP (2005). Human Development Report.
Vossensteyn, Hans (2000). Cost Sharing and Understanding Student Choice: Developments in Western Europe and Australia, Paper presented at Global Higher Education Exchange Conference, Washington D.C.
Wertz, Richard D. (2000). Issues and Concerns in the Privatization an d Outsourcing of Campus Services in Higher Education, Occasional Paper No. 10, National Center for the Study of Privatization in Education, Columbia University.
World Bank (1992). Higher Education and Scientific Research: Strategy for Development and Reform, Report No. 10884-PAK, Population and Human Resources Division, Washington, D.C.
World Bank (2002). Constructing Knowledge Societies: New Challenges for Tertiary Education. Washington D.C.


World Bank

1818 H Street N.W.

Washington D.C. 20433

U.S.A.



World Bank

Pakistan Country Office

20-A Shahrah-e-Jamhuriat

Ramna 5, Islamabad




1 Annex 1 provides a snapshot of the entire education system in Pakistan.

2 Data for other countries are for 2003.

33 Analyses made by external agencies (including UNESCO and the World Bank) generally concurred with the conclusions of domestic diagnosis.

4 Including the National Education Policy (1998-2010) and the Education Sector Reform (2001-2004).

5 In particular those gathered in the Boston Group.

6 Task Force on Improvement of Higher Education in Pakistan (2002) http://www.tfhe.net/resources/pakistan.htm.



4


5


6


7 Annex 2 provides a summary of MTDF aims, objectives, programs, and indicators.

8 Although private universities/DAIs come under the purview of the HEC, they are not included in this spending analysis as they do not receive any government funding.

9 This funding is in addition to “direct release” research grants that are paid directly to HEIs. In 2005/06 funding for the promotion of research made up around 78% of total research funding, while direct release funding made up 22%.

10 In 2005/06, only about 15% of the IIOU budget was provided by the HEC.

11 The Rs3.84 billion increase in the higher education development budget between 2001/02 and 2002/03 was made up of an increase of approximately Rs450 million in the UGC development budget (from Rs425 million to Rs879 million), an additional Rs500 million in development funding provided to the HEC upon establishment and transfers to the HEC budget from the IT&T Division (Rs1.666 billion) and the S&T Division (Rs1.29 billion).


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