History of India



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Geography: India


61. With reference to soil conservation, consider the following practices : 
1. Crop rotation 
2. Sand fences 
3. Terracing 
4. Wind breaks 
Which of the above are considered appropriate methods for soil conservation in India ? 
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only 
(b) 2 and 4 only 
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only 
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 

Answer: (d)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar    

62. With reference to the mineral resources of India, consider the following pairs : 
Mineral                      90% Natural sources in 
1. Copper                   Jharkhand 
2. Nickel                    Orissa 
3. Tungsten                Kerala 
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ? 
(a) 1 and 2 only 
(b) 2 only 
(c) 1 and 3 only 
(d) 1, 2 and 3 
 
Answer: (b)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar    

63. Consider the following pairs : 
Protected area                                    Well-known for 
1. Bhiterkanika, Orissa                                 Salt Water Crocodile 
2. Desert National Park, Rajasthan         Great Indian Bustard 
3. Eravikulam, Kerala                           Hoolak Gibbon 
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ? 
(a) 1 only 
(b) 1 and 2 only 
(c) 2 only 
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (b)
Explanation: A hitarkanika is a hot-spot of biodiversity. It's home to largest population of giant salt water crocodile in India. Also home to more than 215 species of avifauna including amazing eight var iety of Kingfishers. It is the second largest viable Mangrove Eco-System in India Harbours more than 70 species of Mangrove and its associates. Gahirmatha is known to be one of the largest rookery for Olive Ridley Sea Turtles.
Desert National Park, Rajasthan, India, is situated in the west Indian state of Rajasthan near the town of Jaisalmer. The endangered Great Indian Bustard is a magnificent bird found in relatively fair numbers.
Eravikulam National Park is 97 sq. km. in extent, situated along the crest of the Western Ghats in the High Ranges of Idukki district of Kerala state, India. The Park holds the largest viable population of the endangered (IUCN) Nilgiri Tahr (Hemitragus hylocrius). Apart from tahr, the Park is the abode of other little known fauna such as Nilgiri marten, ruddy mongoose, small clawed otter, dusky striped sqirrel etc.
Source: http://www.bhitarkanika.org/

http://www.eravikulam.org/    



64. In India, which type of forest among the following occupies the largest area ? 
(a) Montane Wet Temperate Forest 
(b) Sub-tropical Dry Evergreen Forest 
(c) Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest 
(d) Tropical Wet Evergreen Forest

Answer: (c)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar
Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

   


65. Tamil Nadu is a leading producer of mill-made cotton yarn in the country. What could be the reason ? 
1. Black cotton soil is the predominant type of soil in the State. 
2. Rich pool of skilled labour is available. 
Which of the above is/are the correct reasons ?- 
(a) 1 only 
(b) 2 only 
(c) Both 1 and 2 
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: (b)

Source: Multiple sources

   


66. Rivers that pass through Himachal Pradesh are 
(a) Beas and Chenab only 
(b) Beas and Ravi only 
(c) Chenab, Ravi and Satluj only 
(d) Beas, Chenab, Ravi, Satluj and Yamuna

Answer: (d)
Explanation: Himachal Pradesh provides water to both the Indus and Ganges basins. The drainage systems of the region are the Chandra Bhaga or the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas, the Sutlej and the Yamuna. These rivers are perennial and are fed by snow and rainfall. They are protected by an extensive cover of natural vegetation.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh    

67. Following are the characteristics of an area in India: 
1. Hot and humid climate 
2. Annual rainfall 200 cm 
3. Hill slopes up to an altitude of 1100 metres 
4. Annual range of temperature 15°C to 30°C 
Which one among the following crops are you most likely to find in the area described above ? 
(a) Mustard 
(b) Cotton 
(c) Pepper 
(d) Virginia tobacco 

Answer: (c)
Explanation: Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning.
Climatic Requirements: Black pepper grows successfully between 200 North and 200 South of equator and from sea level to 1500 MSL. It is a plant of humid tropics, requiring 2000-3000 mm of rainfall, tropical temperature and high relative humidity with little variation in day length throughout the year. Black pepper does not tolerate excessive heat and dryness.
Rainfall: Total rainfall and its distribution play an important role in black pepper cultivation and productivity. An annual rainfall of 2000 mm with uniform distribution is ideal. Rainfall of 70 mm received in 20 days during May-June is sufficient for triggering off flushing and flowering processes in the plant. But once the process is set off there should be continuous shower until fruit ripening. Any dry spell even for a few day, within this critical period of 16 weeks (flowering to fruit ripening) will result in low yield.
Temperature: The crop tolerates temperature between 10-40 o C. The ideal temperature is 23-32 o C with an average of 28 degree c. Optimum soil temperature for root growth is 26-28 o C.
Light: Black pepper is a day neutral plant. Black pepper vines exposed to direct solar radiation develop physiological disorders even under favourable soil moisture conditions. Black pepper vines kept under shade (7% incident light) remain green and healthy whereas those exposed to sunlight turn yellow and develop necrotic patches during summer. Fifty percent shade boosts the growth of black pepper cuttings in the nursery.
Nursery Maintainence: Collection of parental material for starting a nursery should be from an area free from the incidence of diseases, Phytophthora foot rot and nematodes. The vines selected should be 5-10 year old and high yielder.
The nursery should be kept hygienic: Give periodical (once in 15 days) sprays with 1.0% Bordeaux mixture. Drench the trenches also with 0.2% copper oxychloride  at least twice during the south-west monsoons, the first in May-June and the second in August-September.
Source: Multiple sources

   


68. Consider the following statements: 
1. The boundaries of a National Park are defined by legislation. 
2. A Biosphere Reserve is declared to conserve a few specific species of flora and fauna. 
3. In a Wildlife Sanctuary, limited biotic interference is permitted. 
Which of the statements given above is /are correct ? 
(a) 1 only 
(b) 2 and 3 only 
(c) 1 and 3 only 
(d) 1, 2 and 3 

Answer: (c)
Explanation: The Indian government has established 15 Biosphere Reserves of India, which protect larger areas of natural habitat (than a National Park or Animal Sanctuary), and often include one or more National Parks and/or preserves, along buffer zones that are open to some economic uses. Protection is granted not only to the flora and fauna of the protected region, but also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere_reserves_of_India    

69. Consider the following statements : 
1. Biodiversity hotspots are located only in tropical regions. 
2. India has four biodiversity hotspots i.e., Eastern Himalayas, Western Himalayas, Western Ghats and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ? 
(a) 1 only 
(b) 2 only 
(c) Both 1 and 2 
(d) Neither 1 nor 2.

Answer: (b)
Explanation: A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with a significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans. The concept of biodiversity hotspots was originated by Norman Myers in two articles in “The Environmentalist”, revised after thorough analysis by Myers and others in “Hotspots: Earth’s Biologically Richest and Most Endangered Terrestrial Ecoregions”. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on Myers 2000 edition of the hotspot-map, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 0.5% or 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics, and it has to have lost at least 70% of its primary vegetation. Around the world, at least 25 areas qualify under this definition, with nine others possible candidates. These sites support nearly 60% of the world's plant, bird, mammal, reptile, and amphibian species, with a very high share of endemic species.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity_hotspot

   


70. In India, during the last decade the total cultivated land for which one of the following crops has remained more or less stagnant ? 
(a) Rice 
(b) Oilseeds 
(c) Pulses 
(d) Sugarcane

Answer: (c)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar
Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

   


71. The latitudes that pass through Sikkim also pass through 
(a) Rajasthan 
(b) Punjab 
(c) Himachal Pradesh 
(d) Jammu & Kashmir 

Answer: (a)
Explanation: See Atlas
Source: See Atlas

   


72. If there were no Himalayan ranges, what would have been the most likely geographical impact on India ? 
1. Much of the country would experience the cold waves from Siberia. 
2. Indo-gangetic plain would be devoid of such extensive alluvial soils. 
3. The pattern of monsoon would be different from what it is at present. 
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ? 
(a) 1 only 
(b) 1 and 3 only 
(c) 2 and 3 only 
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (d)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar
Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

   


73. With reference to the river Luni, which one of the following statements is correct ? 
(a) It flows into Gulf of Khambhat 
(b) It flows into Gulf of Kuchchh 
(c) It flows into Pakistan and merges with a tributary of Indus 
(d) It is lost in the marshy land of the Rann of Kuchchh 

Answer: (d)
Explanation: The Luni is a river of western Rajasthan. It originates in the Pushkar valley of the Aravalli Range, near Ajmer and ends in the marshy lands of Rann of Kutch in Gujarat, after travelling a distance of 530 km. It is first known as Sagarmati, then after passing Govindgarh, it meets its tributary Sarsuti, which originates from Pushkar Lake, and from then on it gets its name Luni.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luni_River    

74. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?
 Dam/Lake River 
(a) Govind Sagar : Satluj 
(b) Kolleru Lake : Krishna 
(c) Ukai Reservoir : Tapi 
(d) Wular Lake : Jhelum

Answer: (b)
Explanation: Kolleru Lake is the largest freshwater lake in India. It is located in Andhra Pradesh. Kolleru is located between Krishna and Godavari delta. Kolleru spans into two districts - Krishna and West Godavari.
Source: Multiple Sources

   


75. When you travel in certain parts of India, you will notice red soil. What is the main reason for this colour ? 
(a) Abundance of magnesium 
(b) Accumulated humus 
(c) Presence of ferric-oxides 
(d) Abundance of phosphates

Answer: (c)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar

76. Which one of the following is the appropriate reason for considering the Gondwana rocks as most important of rock systems of India ? 
(a) More than 90% of limestone reserves of India are found in them 
(b) More than 90% of India's coal reserves are found in them 
(c) More than 90% of fertile black cotton soils are spread over them 
(d) None of the reasons given above is appropriate in this context 

Answer: (b)
Explanation: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar  
Source: A Comprehensive Geography of India by D.R. Khullar  

   


77. The approximate representation of land use classification in India is
(a) Net area sown 25%; forests 33%; other areas 42% . 
(b) Net area sown 58%; forests 17%; other areas 25% 
(c) Net area sown 43%; forests 29%; other areas 28% 
(d) Net area sown 47%; forests 23%; other areas 30%

Answer: (d)
Explanation: India's total landmass is 32,87,263 square kilometers out of which total land area is 30,60,500 square kilometers. (Rest is water bodies). In 2005 the total arable land and land planted under permanent crops combined was 1,697,000 square kilometers (That is 51.62% of India's total land.), and total irrigated land was 548,000 square kilometers. The total of non-arable land and land not under permanent crops was 1,276,190 square kilometers.
Source: Multiple Sources

   


78. What are the possible limitations of India in mitigating the global warming at present and in the immediate future?
1. Appropriate alternate technologies are not sufficiently available.
2. India cannot invest huge funds in research and development
3. Many developed countries have already set up their polluting industries in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (a)


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