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Phr. "lasciate ogni speranza voi ch'entrate" [Dante]; its days are numbered; the worst come to the worst; "no change, no pause, no hope, yet I endure" [Shelley]; "O dark, dark, dark, amid the blaze of noon" [Milton]; "mene mene tekel upharson" [Old Testament].
<-- break fear into fear and anxiety R860a -->

#860. Fear. -- N. fear, timidity, diffidence, want of confidence; apprehensiveness, fearfulness &c. adj.; feeze [obs3][U.S.].

mistrust &c. (doubt) 485; hesitation &c. (irresolution) 605.

{{is_high_intensity_of: anxiety, R860a}}.

nervousness, restlessness &c. adj.; worry; batophobia[obs3]; heartquake[obs3]; flutter, trepidation, fear and trembling, perturbation, tremor, quivering, shaking, trembling, throbbing heart, palpitation, ague fit, cold sweat; abject fear &c. (cowardice) 862; mortal funk, heartsinking[obs3], despondency; despair &c. 859.

fright; affright, affrightment[obs3]; boof alarm[obs3][U.S.], dread, awe, terror, horror, dismay, consternation, panic, scare, stampede [of horses].

intimidation, terrorism, reign of terror.

[Object of fear] bug bear, bugaboo; scarecrow; hobgoblin &c. (demon) 980; nightmare, Gorgon, mormo[obs3], ogre, Hurlothrumbo[obs3], raw head and bloody bones, fee-faw-fum, bete noire[Fr], enfant terrible[Fr].

alarmist &c. (coward) 862.

V. fear, stand in awe of; be afraid &c. adj.; have qualms &c. n.; apprehend, sit upon thorns, eye askance; distrust &c. (disbelieve) 485.

hesitate &c. (be irresolute) 605; falter, funk, cower, crouch; skulk &c. (cowardice) 862; let " I dare not" wait upon "I would "; take fright, take alarm; start, wince, flinch, shy, shrink; fly &c. (avoid) 623.

tremble, shake; shiver, shiver in one's shoes; shudder, flutter; shake like an aspen leaf, tremble like an aspen leaf, tremble all over; quake, quaver, quiver, quail.

grow pale, turn pale; blench, stand aghast; not dare to say one's soul is one's own.

inspire fear, excite fear, inspire awe, excite awe; raise aprehensions[obs3]; be in a daze, bulldoze [U. S.]; faze, feeze [obs3][U. S.]; give an alarm, raise an alarm, sound an alarm; alarm, startle, scare, cry " wolf," disquiet, dismay; fright, frighten, terrify; astound; fright from one's propriety; fright out of one's senses, fright out of one's wits, fright out of one's seven senses; awe; strike all of a heap, strike an awe into, strike terror; harrow up the soul, appall, unman, petrify, horrify; pile on the agony.

make one's flesh creep, make one's hair stand on end, make one's blood run cold, make one's teeth chatter; take away one's breath, stop one's breath; make one tremble &c.

haunt; prey on the mind, weigh on the mind.

put in fear, put in bodily fear; terrorize, intimidate, cow, daunt, overawe, abash, deter, discourage; browbeat, bully; threaten &c. 909.



Adj. fearing &c. v.; frightened &c. v.; in fear, in a fright &c. n.; haunted with the fear of &c. n.; afeard[obs3].

afraid, fearful; timid, timorous; nervous, diffident, coy, faint-hearted, tremulous, shaky, afraid of one's shadow, apprehensive, restless, fidgety; more frightened than hurt.

aghast; awe-stricken, horror-stricken, terror-stricken, panic-stricken, awestruck, awe-stricken, horror-struck; frightened to death, white as a sheet; pale, pale as a ghost, pale as death, pale as ashes; breathless, in hysterics.

inspiring fear &c. v.; alarming; formidable, redoubtable; perilous &c. (danger) 665; portentous; fearful; dread, dreadful; fell; dire, direful; shocking; terrible, terrific; tremendous; horrid, horrible, horrific; ghastly; awful, awe-inspiring; revolting &c. (painful) 830; Gorgonian.



Adv. in terrorem[Lat].

Int. " angels and ministers of grace defend us!" [Hamlet].

Phr. ante tubam trepidat[Latin]; horresco referens[Latin], one's heart failing one, obstupui steteruntque comae et vox faucibus haesit [Lat][Vergil].

"a dagger of the mind " [Macbeth]; expertus metuit [Lat][Horace]; " fain would I climb but that I fear to fall" [Raleigh]; " fear is the parent of cruelty " [Froude]; " Gorgons and hydras and chimeras dire " [Paradise Lost]; omnia tuta timens [Latin][Vergil]; " our fears do make us traitors " [Macbeth].



<-- opposite of expectation? or assurance, confidence? -->

#860a. Anxiety -- N. anxiety, solicitude, care, apprehension; misgiving, inquietude, disquietude, unease, uneasiness, concern.

suspicion, qualm.

{{has_high_intensity: fear, R860}}.


#861. [Absence of fear.] Courage. -- N. courage, bravery, valor; resoluteness, boldness &c. adj.; spirit, daring, gallantry, intrepidity; contempt of danger, defiance of danger; derring-do; audacity; rashness &c. 863; dash; defiance &c. 715; confidence, self-reliance.

manliness, manhood; nerve, pluck, mettle, game; heart, heart of grace; spunk, , guts, face, virtue, hardihood, fortitude, intestinal fortitude; firmness &c. (stability) 150; heart of oak; bottom, backbone, spine &c. (perseverance) 604a. resolution &c. (determination) 604; bulldog courage.

prowess, heroism, chivalry.

exploit, feat, achievement; heroic deed, heroic act; bold stroke.

man, man of mettle; hero, demigod, Amazon, Hector; lion, tiger, panther, bulldog; gamecock, fighting-cock; bully, fire eater &c. 863.

V. be courageous &c. adj.; dare, venture, make bold; face danger, front danger, affront danger, confront danger, brave danger, defy danger, despise danger, mock danger; look in the face; look full in the face, look boldly in the face, look danger in the face; face; meet, meet in front; brave, beard; defy &c. 715.

take courage, muster courage, summon up courage, pluck up courage; nerve oneself, take heart; take heart, pluck up heart of grace; hold up one's head, screw one's courage to the sticking place; come up to scratch; stick to one's guns, standfire[obs3], stand against; bear up, bear up against; hold out &c. (persevere) 604a.

put a bold face upon; show a bold front, present a bold front; show fight; face the music.

bell the cat, take the bull by the horns, beard the lion in his den, march up to the cannon's mouth, go through fire and water, run the gantlet.

give courage, infuse courage, inspire courage; reassure, encourage, embolden, inspirit, cheer, nerve, put upon one's mettle, rally, raise a rallying cry; pat on the back, make a man of., keep in countenance.

Adj. courageous, brave; valiant, valorous; gallant, intrepid; spirited, spiritful[obs3]; high-spirited, high-mettled[obs3]; mettlesome, plucky; manly, manful; resolute; stout,.stout-hearted; iron-hearted, lion-hearted; heart of oak; Penthesilean.

bold, bold-spirited; daring, audacious; fearless, dauntless, dreadless[obs3], aweless; undaunted, unappalled, undismayed, unawed, unblanched, unabashed, unalarmed, unflinching, unshrinking[obs3], unblanching[obs3], unapprehensive; confident, self-reliant; bold as a lion, bold as brass.

enterprising, adventurous; venturous, venturesome; dashing, chivalrous; soldierly &c. (warlike) 722; heroic.

fierce, savage; pugnacious &c. (bellicose) 720.

strong-minded, hardy, doughty; firm &c. (stable) 150; determined &c. (resolved) 604; dogged, indomitable &c. (persevering) 604a.

up to, up to the scratch; upon one's mettle; reassured &c. v.; unfeared[obs3], undreaded[obs3].


Phr. one's blood being up; courage sans peur [Fr];fortes fortuna adjuvat [Lat][Terence]; "have I not in my time heard lions roar " [Taming of the Shrew]; " I dare do all that may become a man " [Macbeth]; male vincetis sed vincite [Lat][Ovid]; omne solum forti patria[Lat]; " self-trust is the essence of heroism " [Emerson]; stimulos dedit oemula virtus [Lat][Lucan]; " strong and great, a hero " [Longfellow]; teloque animus proestantior omni [Lat][Ovid]; "there, is always safety in valor" [Emerson]; virtus ariete fortier[Lat][obs3].

#862. [Excess of fear.] Cowardice. -- N. cowardice, pusillanimity; cowardliness &c. adj.; timidity, effeminacy.

poltroonery, baseness; dastardness[obs3], dastardy[obs3]; abject fear, funk; Dutch courage; fear &c. 860; white feather, faint heart; cold feet * [U. S.], yellow streak*.

coward, poltroon, dastard, sneak, recreant; shy cock, dunghill cock; coistril[obs3], milksop, white liver, lily liver, nidget[obs3], one that cannot say " bo" to a goose; slink; Bob Acres, Jerry Sneak.

alarmist, terrorist[obs2], pessimist; runagate &c. (fugitive) 623.



V. quail &c. (fear) 860; be cowardly &c. adj., be a coward &c. n.; funk; cower,skulk, sneak; flinch, shy, fight shy, slink, turn tail; run away &c. (avoid) 623; show, the white feather.

Adj. coward, cowardly; fearful, shy; timid, timorous; skittish; poor-spirited, spiritless, soft, effeminate.

weak-minded; infirm of purpose &c. 605; weak-hearted, fainthearted, chickenhearted, henhearted[obs3], lilyhearted, pigeon-hearted; white-livered[obs3], lily-livered, milk-livered[obs3]; milksop, smock-faced; unable to say " bo " to a goose.

dastard, dastardly; base, craven, sneaking, dunghill, recreant; unwarlike, unsoldier-like.

" in face a lion but in heart a deer".

unmanned; frightened &c. 860.



Int. sauve qui peut[Fr]! [French: every man for himself]; devil take the hindmost!

Phr. ante tubam trepidat[Lat], one's courage oozing out; degeneres animos timor arguit [Lat][Vergil].

#863. Rashness. -- N. rashness &c. adj.; temerity, want of caution, imprudence, indiscretion; overconfidence, presumption, audacity.

precipitancy, precipitation; impetuosity,; levity; foolhardihood[obs3], foolhardiness; heedlessness, thoughtlessness &c. (inattention) 458; carelessness &c. (neglect) 460; desperation; Quixotism, knight-errantry; fire eating.

gaming, gambling; blind bargain, leap in the dark, leap of faith, fool's paradise; too many eggs in one basket.

desperado, rashling[obs3], madcap, daredevil, Hotspur, fire eater, bully, bravo, Hector, scapegrace, enfant perdu[Fr]; Don Quixote, knight-errant, Icarus; adventurer; gambler, gamester; dynamitard[obs3]; boomer [obs3][U. S.].



V. be rash &c. adj.; stick at nothing, play a desperate game; run into danger &c. 665; play with fire, play with edge tools.

carry too much sail, sail too near the wind, ride at single anchor, go out of one's depth.

take a leap in the dark, buy a pig in a poke.

donner tete baissee [Fr]; knock, one's bead against a wall &c. (be unskillful) 699; rush on destruction; kick against the pricks, tempt Providence, go on a forlorn hope, go on a fool's errand.

reckon one's chickens before they are hatched, count one's chickens before they are hatched, reckon without one's host; catch at straws; trust to a broken reed, lean on a broken reed.



Adj. rash, incautious, indiscreet; imprudent, improvident, temerarious; uncalculating[obs3]; heedless; careless &c. (neglectful) 460; without ballast, heels over head, head over heels; giddy &c. (inattentive) 458; wanton, reckless, wild, madcap; desperate, devil-may-care.

hot-blooded, hotheaded, hotbrained[obs3]; headlong, headstrong; breakneck; foolhardy; harebrained; precipitate, impulsive. overconfident, overweening; venturesome, venturous; adventurous, Quixotic, fire eating, cavalier; janty[obs3], jaunty, free and easy.

off one's guard &c. (inexpectant) 508[obs3].

Adv. post haste, a corps perdu[Fr], hand over head, tete baissee[Fr], headforemost[obs3]; happen what may, come what may.

Phr. fools rush in where angels fear to tread; neck or nothing, the devil being in one; non semper temeritas est felix [Lat][Livy]; paucis temeritas est bono multis malo [Lat][Phaedrus].
#864. Caution. -- N. caution; cautiousness &c. adj.; discretion, prudence, cautel[obs1], heed, circumspection, calculation, deliberation.

foresight &c. 510; vigilance &c. 459; warning &c. 668.

coolness &c. adj.; self-possession, self-command; presence of mind, sang froid[Fr]; well-regulated mind; worldly wisdom, Fabian policy.

V. be cautious &c. adj.; take care, take heed, take good care; have a care mind, what one is about; be on one's guard &c. (keep watch) 459; "make assurance doubly sure" [Macbeth].

bespeak &c. (be early) 132.

think twice, look before one leaps, count the cost, look to the main chance, cut one's coat according to one's cloth; feel one's ground, feel one's way; see how the land lies &c. (foresight) 510; wait to see how the cat jumps; bridle one's tongue; reculer pour mieux sauter &c. (prepare) 673[Fr]; let well alone, let well enough alone; let sleeping dogs lie, ne pas reveiller le chat qui dort [French: don't wake a sleeping cat].

keep out of harm's way, keep out of troubled waters; keep at a respectful distance, stand aloof; keep on the safe side, be on the safe side.

husband one's resources &c. 636.

caution &c. (warn) 668.



Adj. cautious, wary, guarded; on one's guard &c. (watchful) 459; cavendo tutus[Lat]; in medio tutissimus[Lat]; vigilant.

careful, heedful; cautelous[obs1], stealthy, chary, shy of, circumspect, prudent, discreet, politic; sure-footed &c. (skillful) 698.

unenterprising, unadventurous, cool, steady, self-possessed; overcautious.

Adv. cautiously &c. adj.

Int. have a care!

Phr. timeo Danaos [Lat][Vergil]; festina lente[Lat].

ante victoriam ne canas triumphum [Lat: don't sing out victory before the triumph], don't count your chickens before they hatch; "give, every man thine ear but few thy voice" [Hamlet]; he who laughs last laughs best, il rit bien qui rit le dernier[Fr]; ni firmes carta que no leas ni bebas agua que no veas [Sp]; nescit vox missa reverti [Lat][Horace]; " love all, trust a few " [All's Well]; noli irritare leones [obs3][Lat: don't disturb a lion]; don't wake a sleeping lion; safe bind safe find; " if it ain't broke, don't fix it" [Bert Lance]; once burned, twice shy; caution is the better part of valor.

#865. Desire. -- N. desire, wish, fancy, fantasy; want, need, exigency.

mind, inclination, leaning, bent, animus, partiality, penchant, predilection; propensity &c. 820; willingness &c. 602; liking, love, fondness, relish.

longing, hankering, inkling; solicitude, anxiety; yearning, coveting; aspiration, ambition, vaulting ambition; eagerness, zeal, ardor, empressement[Fr], breathless impatience, overanxiety; impetuosity, &c. 825.

appetite, appetition[obs3], appetence[obs3], appetency[obs3]; sharp appetite, keenness, hunger, stomach, twist; thirst, thirstiness; drouth, mouth-watering; itch, itching; prurience, cacoethes[Lat], cupidity, lust, concupiscence.

edge of appetite, edge of hunger; torment of Tantalus; sweet tooth, lickerish tooth[obs3]; itching palm; longing eye, wistful eye, sheep's eye.

[excessive desire for money: greed &c. 817a].

[excessive desire for food: voracity &c. (gluttony) 957].

passion, rage, furore[obs3], mania, manie[obs1]; inextinguishable desire; dipsomania, kleptomania, nymphomania.

{{trait_of: lover P2.3.2.3.2.5.36}}.

<-- Person who desires to lover -->

[Object of desire] desideratum; want &c. (requirement) 630; "a consummation devoutly to be wished "; attraction, magnet, allurement, fancy, temptation, seduction, fascination, prestige, height of one's ambition, idol; whim, whimsy, whimsey[obs3]; maggot; hobby, hobby-horse.

Fortunatus's cap; wishing cap, wishing stone, wishing well.

care for, affect, like, list; take to, cling to, take a fancy to; fancy; prefer &c. (choose) 609.

have an eye, have a mind to; find it in one's heart &c. (be willing) 602; have a fancy for, set one's eyes upon; cast a sheep's eye upon, look sweet upon; take into one's head, have at heart, be bent upon; set one's cap at, set one's heart upon, set one's mind upon; covet.

want, miss, need, feel the want of, would fain have, would fain do; would be glad of.

be hungry &c. adj.; have a good appetite, play a good knife and fork; hunger after, thirst after, crave after, lust after, itch after, hanker after, run mad after; raven for, die for; burn to.

desiderate[obs3]; sigh for, cry for, gape for, gasp for, pine for, pant for, languish for, yearn for, long, be on thorns for, hope for; aspire after; catch at, grasp at, jump at.

woo, court, solicit; fish for, spell for, whistle for, put up for; ogle.

cause desire, create desire, raise desire, excite desire, provoke desire; whet the appetite; appetize[obs3], titillate, allure, attract, take one's fancy, tempt; hold out temptation, hold out allurement; tantalize, make one's mouth water, faire venir l'eau a la bouche [Fr].

gratify desire &c. (give pleasure) 829.

Adj. desirous; desiring &c. v.; inclined &c. (willing) 602; partial to; fain, wishful, optative[obs3]; anxious, wistful, curious; at a loss for, sedulous, solicitous. craving, hungry, sharp-set, peckish[obs3], ravening, with an empty stomach, esurient[obs3], lickerish[obs3], thirsty, athirst, parched with thirst, pinched with hunger, famished, dry, drouthy[obs3]; hungry as a hunter, hungry as a hawk, hungry as a horse, hungry as a church mouse, hungry as a bear.

[excessively desirous] greedy &c. 817a.

unsatisfied, unsated, unslaked; unsaturated.

eager, avid, keen; burning, fervent, ardent; agog; all agog; breathless; impatient &c. (impetuous) 825; bent on, intent on, set on, bent upon, intent upon, set upon; mad after, enrage, rabid, dying for, devoured by desire.

aspiring, ambitious, vaulting, sky-aspiring, high-reaching.

desirable; desired &c. v.; in demand; pleasing &c. (giving pleasure) 829; appetizing, appetible[obs3]; tantalizing.



Adv. wistfully &c. adj.; fain.

Int. would that, would that it were! O for! esto perpetual



Phr[Lat]. the wish being father to the thought; sua cuique voluptas[Lat]; hoc erat in votis[Lat], the mouth watering, the fingers itching; aut Caesar aut nullus[Lat].

"Cassius has a lean and hungry look" [Jul. Caesar]; " hungry as the grave " [Thomson]; " I was born to other things " [Tennyson]; " not what we wish but what we want " [Merrick]; " such joy ambition finds " [P. L.]; " the sea hath bounds but deep desire hath none " [Venus and Adonis]; ubi mel ibi apes[Lat].



#866. Indifference. -- N. indifference, neutrality; coldness &c. adj.; anaphrodisia[obs3]; unconcern, insouciance, nonchalance; want of interest, want of earnestness; anorexy[obs3], anorexia, inappetency[obs3].

[ref: dispassion &c. (insensibility) 823].

supineness &c. (inactivity) 683; disdain &c. 930; recklessness &c. 863; inattention &c. 458.

anaphrodisiac[obs3], antaphrodisiac[obs3]; lust-quencher, passion-queller[obs3].

[ref: apathetic, indifferent &c. 866; aloof, lukewarm,; careless, ; unconcerned, pococurante[obs3], insouciant, sans souci[Fr]].

V. be indifferent &c. adj.; stand neuter; take no interest in &c. (insensibility) 823; have no desire for &c. 865,have no taste for, have no relish for; not care for; care nothing for, care nothing about; not care a straw about, not care a fig for, not care a whit about &c. (unimportance) 643; not mind.

set at naught &c. (make light of) 483; spurn &c. (disdain) 930.



Adj. indifferent, neutral, disinterested; apathetic, cold, frigid, lukewarm; cool, cool as a cucumber; unconcerned, uncurious, uninterested; withdrawn, detached, remote.

insouciant, nonchalant, phlegmatic, pococurante[obs3].

easygoing, devil-may-care, casual.

{{similar_to: negligent, R460}} careless, mindless, regardless, disregarding.

listless, lackadaisical; half-hearted.

unambitious, unaspiring, undesirous[obs3], unsolicitous[obs3], unattracted.

[indifferent toward people] aloof, unapproachable, remote; uncaring.

unattractive, unalluring, undesired, undesirable, uncared for, unwished[obs3], unvalued, all one to.

insipid &c. 391; vain.

Adv. for aught one cares.

Int. never mind; Who cares? whatever you like, whatever.

Phr. I couldn't care less, I could care less; anything will do; es macht nichts [German].
#867. Dislike. -- N. dislike, distaste, disrelish, disinclination, displacency[obs3].

reluctance; backwardness &c. (unwillingness) 603.

repugnance, disgust, queasiness, turn, nausea, loathing; averseness[obs3], aversation[obs1], aversion; abomination, antipathy, abhorrence, horror; mortal antipathy, rooted antipathy, mortal horror, rooted horror; hatred, detestation; hate &c. 898; animosity &c. 900; hydrophobia; canine madness; byssa[obs3], xenophobia. sickener[obs3]; gall and wormwood &c. (unsavory) 395; shuddering, cold sweat.

V. mislike misrelish[obs3], dislike, disrelish; mind, object to; have rather not, would rather not, prefer not to, not care for; have a dislike for, conceive a dislike to, entertain a dislike for, take a dislike to, have an aversion to, have an aversion for; have no taste for, have no stomach for.

shun, avoid &c. 623; eschew; withdraw from, shrink from, recoil from; not be able to bear, not be able to abide, not be able to endure; shrug the shoulders at, shudder at, turn up the nose at, look askance at; make a mouth, make a wry face, make a grimace; make faces.

loathe, nauseate, abominate, detest, abhor; hate &c. 898; take amiss &c. 900; have enough of &c. (be satiated) 869.

wish away, unwish

cause dislike, excite dislike; disincline, repel, sicken; make sick, render sick; turn one's stomach, nauseate, wamble[obs3], disgust, shock, stink in the nostrils; go against the grain, go against the stomach; stick in the throat; make one's blood run cold &c. (give pain) 830; pall.

Adj. disliking &c. v.; averse from, loathe, loathe to, loth, adverse; shy of, sick of, out of conceit with; disinclined; heartsick, dogsick[obs3]; queasy.

disliked &c. v.; uncared for, unpopular; out of favor; repulsive, repugnant, repellant; abhorrent, insufferable, fulsome, nauseous; loathsome, loathful[obs3]; offensive; disgusting &c. v.; disagreeable c. (painful) 830.



Adv. usque ad nauseam[Lat].

Int. faugh! foh[obs3]! ugh!



Phr. non libet[Lat].
#868. Fastidiousness. -- N. fastidiousness &c. adj.; nicety, hypercriticism, difficulty in being pleased, friandise[Fr], epicurism, omnia suspendens naso[Lat].

{{trait_of: epicure, gourmet, @P2.3.2.3.2.4.15}}.

{{trait_of(prudery): prude, @P2.3.2.3.2.4.15}}.

[Excess of delicacy] prudery.

meticulousness, punctilio, conscientiousness, scrupulousness.

{{similar_to: taste, R850, M3.3.2.2}}.



V. be fastidious &c. adj.; have a sweet tooth.

mince the matter; turn up one's nose at &c. (disdain) 930; look a gift horse in the mouth, see spots on the sun.



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