International labour organisation

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Samburu

Samburu district is situated on the Rift Valley and is divided into six administrative divisions, 30 locations and 92 sub divisions all with at total area coverage of 20,826 square kilometres. Politically the districts has two constituencies and two local authorities namely Samburu county council and Samburu town council. It has a population of 198, 000 but this cannot be taken to be true given the influx of Rendille and Turkana due to drought and increasing conflicts in other neighbouring districts.
6.3.1 Affected Communities
The Samburu are the predominant population but there are also the Ariaal(who came out as result of inter-marriages between the Rendile and Samburu. They also know as Il turuiyia or Il Masakara), Rendille and Turkana communities that have settled in the District. The Turkana have settled in small settlement (slums) in major urban centres in the District. The Turkana, who form a majority of internally displaced peoples as a consequence of conflict outside Samburu and they have settled in Laikipia and Samburu. Having been dispossessed of their resources, the adults and their children have been forced to take the menial jobs for survival. The Il Kunono (Blacksmiths) are also mainly affected given their low status in society. The Samburu, Ariaal and Rendile communities have their share of children engaged in child labour. The children from single – parents, children born of out of wedlock and orphans due to persistent armed conflicts are mostly affected.
6.3.2 Forms of Child Labour

Form of Child Labour	Affected community	Magnitude %	Gender	Age
Prostitution	Turkana, Samburu, Il Kunono Rendille, Ariaal	5%	Girls	12-17
Commercial herding	As above	10%	Boys	8-17
Domestic herding	As above	25	Boys and Girls	7-17
Children in domestic work	As a bove	5%	Mainly boys but considerable number of Turkana, Il Kunono boys involved	8-17
Children in tourism	Do	5%	Mainly boys
Children in armed conflicts	Do	All those in herding are affected	All	All ages affected but mainly 6-17.

6.3.3 Institutional profile

Name of the Organisations	Type of the Organisations	Key activities and area of coverage within the District	Challenges /lessons
Ministry of Culture, Youth, Gender and sports	Governmental	Supports youth activities through the Youth Fund, registers and monitors the work of several youth groups and Community based organisation including those that deal with vulnerable children.	Inadequate financial resources and tend to be concentrated in the urban centres or settled communities living around the districts and divisional centres. It lacks a rights based approach and it using the approach as is being used country wide that does not really differentiate between different form of livelihood
Office of the President (OP)	Governmental	The office of the President has been instrumental in enforcing the Children Act. The Chiefs, District Officers, Commissioners continue to be on the frontline of promoting and disseminating the information on the rights of the child. The right to education has been their priority. They have often arrested parents who have married off their daughters; make their daughters undergo FGM or who keep their children back home to help in livestock management such as herding. The OP also administers several funds such as Bursary for the poor children. The special programmes that addresses drought emergency.	The communities find the approaches used by the OP repressive and this has made the community devise secretive strategies of organising marriage and female genital mutilation exercise. The indigenous communities have their own traditional institutions of governance and decision-making – whose resolutions are more recognised and respected than those of the government. The ITPs continue to view governments interventions suspect given continuing suffering of he communities.
Ministry of Education	Governmental	Mandated to provide Teachers, formulate education policies, making education accessible to all, formulate curriculum and monitor the quality of education.	They face challenge and severe criticism of having not made the curriculum cultural sensitive and conclusive as it tends to favour agricultural communities and mode of production. The are few teachers from nomadic communities and the those from the mainstream communities do not want to work in arid areas where the indigenous communities do live and as such the quality of education in these areas have continue to dwindle.
The Catholic Church	Faith based organisations	The catholic church is one single and strategic player in terms of promoting education and supporting the pastoralists support initiatives. The catholic is well spread in terms of out post churches/parishes, satellites centres. It is also managing and supporting tertiary institutions that has been instrumental in developing trade skills among the nomadic youth	It is a very strong player, using rights based approaches and livelihood initiatives to address poverty and powerless within the nomadic communities. It is supporting education through construction of school, sponsoring of poor and vulnerable children, supporting health facilities, boarding schools and community educations. It also has school for vulnerable children – Nomadic centre. The intervention has not necessarily reduction in child labour or increased in enrolment.
Anglican Church of Kenya- Christian community services	Faith based organisation	Supporting livelihood initiatives. Using faith as an entry point.	Not widely spread as the catholic church
IPOs Samburu Child Labour project CODES SWOM	Indigenous led organisations	Awareness creation and building on the effects of child labour and importance of formal education	The IPOs have limited capacity and constrained by resources

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