Mobile front haul and back haul
Editor’s Note: Appendix IV was produced during the FG-IMT 2020 focus group in order to investigate gaps in standardization related to IMT-2020. While the request from SG-13 was to deliver a report outlining standardization gaps, the consensus of the focus group was that the working documents produced and used during the focus group work contained useful information for future work and should be captured. Note, however, the focus group concentrated on producing accurate descriptions of the standardization gaps in the main body of this document; some minor errors may exist in the appendices. They are, however, the output of the focus group but are provided for information only.
Editor’s Note: This appendix uses clause references in a form usually associated for normative text. This is maintained for this report to align with references made in the main body of this report. The original text was assuming and Appendix D, not the current Appendix IV
This document contains the baseline of Annex D going into the Beijing meeting. Comments discussed on the Oct. 14 teleconference have been addressed.
Annex D: Mobile front haul and back haul – Drivers, Challenges, and Solutions
Scope
This document contains material relevant to Mobile Front-haul and Mobile Back-haul.
References
[Cisco] Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI), "Global Mobile Data Traffic Forcast Update," Feb. 2013, http://www.gsma.com/spectrum/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Cisco_VNI-global-mobile-data-traffic-forecast-update.pdf
[Detnet] IETF Deterministic Networking, http://trac.tools.ietf.org/bof/trac/wiki/DetNet.
[Docomo] Y. Shimazu, H. Ohyane, T. Watanabe, T. Yajima and S. Suwa: “LTE Base Station Equipment Usable with W-CDMA System,” NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp.20-25, June 2011. (https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/binary/pdf/corporate/technology/rd/technical_journal/bn/vol13_1/vol13_1_020en.pdf)
[ITU-R_F15] Report ITU-R M.2375-0, "Architecture and topology of IMT networks" Fig.15, p40, Oct.,2015
[ITU-R_F15] Report ITU-R M.2375-0, "Architecture and topology of IMT networks" Fig.16, p40, Oct.,2015
[MEF 22.1.1] MEF 22.1.1- Mobile Backhaul Implementation Agreement
[MIC] Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, "2011 WHITE PAPER on Information and Communications in Japan," Part 1, Section 1 page 1, http://www.soumu.go.jp/johotsusintokei/whitepaper/eng/WP2011/part1.pdf.[MSR] Mobile Society Research Institute, NTT DOCOMO, INC, “Disaster resistant information society”, NTT Publishing Co., Ltd., 2013 (in Japanese).
[NGMN] NGMN, "Next Generation Mobile Network 5G White Paper," Feb. 2015, https://www.ngmn.org/uploads/media/NGMN_5G_White_Paper_V1_0.pdf.
[CPRI]; Common public radio interface (CPRI)-interfaces specification.
[TSN] IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking Task Group, http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/tsn.html.
[TTC] TTC white paper “white paper on Future Networking issue”, Apr., 2015
http://www.ttc.or.jp/e/topics/20150413/download/
3.1 Backhaul refers to the network paths connecting the Base Station sites and the Network Controller/ Gateway sites. Fronthaul refers to the intra-base-station transport, in which a part of the BS function is separated to the remote antenna site. (Note that this definition is equivalent to the definition given in [MEF 22.1.1] for the current 4G technology.) 4 Abbreviations and acronyms
4G: 4th Generation (mobile system)
5G: 5th Generation (mobile system)
ADC: Analogue Digital Converter
a.k.a. : also known as
API: Application Programming Interface
AR: Augmented Reality
BBU: Base Band Unit
BDE: Base station Digital processing Equipment
BH: Backhaul
BRE: Base station Radio processing Equipment
BS: Base Station
C-RAN: Centralized Radio Access Network
CB: Coordinated Beam Forming
CoMP: Coordinated Multi-Point
CPRI: Common Public Radio Interface
CS: Coordinated Scheduling
DAC: Digital Analogue Converter
DBA: Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
DPS: Dynamic Point Selection
DSP: Digital Signal Processing
E2E: End to End
EVM: Error Vector Magnitude
FH: Fronthaul
IEEE: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
IMT: International Mobile Telecommunication
IoT: Internet of the Things
IoE: Internet of Everything
IP: Internet Protocol
ITU-T: International Telecommunications Union
JR: Joint Reception
JT: Joint Transmission
LH: Long Haul
LRE: Low-power Radio Equipment
M2M: Machine to Machine
MAC: Media Access Control
MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
MBH: Mobile Backhaul
MEF Metro Ethernet Forum
MFH: Mobile Fronthaul
MIMO: Multi-Input Multi-Output
MPLS: Multi-Protocol Label Switching
MVNO: Mobile Virtual Network Operator
NFV: Network Function Virtualization
NGFI: Next Generation Fronthaul Interface
NGMN: Next Generation Mobile Network
ODN: Optical Distributed Network
OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access
OAM: Operation and Management
OPEX: Operating Expense
OSU: Optical Subscribing Unit
OTN: Optical Transport Network
OTT: Over The Top
P2MP: Point to Multi-Point
PAM: Pulse-Amplitude Modulation
PDCP: Packet Data Convergence Protocol
PHY: Physical
PON: Passive Optical Network
ppb: parts per billion
QoS: Quality of Service
Qxx: Question xx (xx=number)
RAN: Radio Access Network
RAT Radio access technology
RF: Radio Frequency
RLC: Radio Link Control
RoF: Radio over Fiber
RRH: Remote Radio Head
RRU: Remote Radio Unit
SDN: Software Defined Networking
SGxx: Study Group xx (xx=number)
SP: Signal Processing
sup: Supplement
TDD: Time Division Duplex
TDM: Time Division Multiplexing de-multiplexing
TDMA: TDM Access
TRX: Transmitting Receiving Things
TSN: Time-Sensitive Networking
UE: User Equipment
VLAN: Virtual Local Area Network
WDM: Wavelength Division Multiplexing de-multiplexing
WG: Working Group
WiFi: Wireless Fidelity
5. Conventions
None
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