Int’l cps- brag lab- wave 1 Theory

South Korea CP Solvency

Generic Ocean development

South Korea solves Ocean development, sufficient research and technology

South Korea solves ocean development, effective research and policies.

Sik 09 [ staff writer for The Korea Times “Ocean holds key to Korea’s future” https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/common/printpreview.asp?categoryCode=117&newsIdx=66522]
South Korea, surrounded by the water on its three sides, should make more of an effort to turn the ocean into its future repository of food and natural resources amid rapidly depleting land-based reserves, the nation's leading oceanographer said. In an interview with The Korea Times, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI) President Kang Jung-keuk said countries poor in resources, like Korea, must proactively explore the sea in order to continue sustainable development in the future, stressing Asia's fourth largest economy should spend more money to study the marine environment and develop state- of-the-art technologies to secure deep-sea minerals. ``Many say that the 21st century is an `era of the sea' and I couldn't agree more. It has become inevitable for us to pay more attention to the ocean for survival in line with the rapid depletion of easily exploited resources and intensifying competition across the globe to secure food and energy on land. The ocean is our next frontier and our future depends on it,'' Kang said. He said the institute has been playing a key role in promoting the importance of the sea to Korea's future through a wide array of oceanographic research, ranging from studies of the nation's seas and open oceans, and investigations on preservation, control and restoration of marine environments, to the development of marine energy resources. KORDI is located in Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, and operates three branch institutes across the country. It also maintains two overseas research facilities in the South Pacific and China. Its affiliate, the Korea Polar Research Institute, studies global environment changes and natural resource reserves in Antarctica and the Arctic. ``Our mission is to select and foster some of the most future-promising marine scientific technologies, and then turn them into the nation's new growth engines. Our research focus includes the monitoring of the marine environment and eco-system in coastal waters to effectively cope with unusual weather phenomena and possible pollution. We are also studying tidal currents to turn them into pollution-free and renewable energy sources,'' Kang said. The institute is also trying to find ways of collecting minerals on the sea floor. ``We secured a mineral exploration site in the Pacific Ocean in 2002, while obtaining exclusive rights to explore waters off the Kingdom of Tonga in the South Pacific in April 2008. We also successfully tested a deep-water mining robot, ``MineRo,'' in June last year,'' he said. The institute is currently developing an underwater unmanned submarine capable of operating in waters below 6,000 meters. With the ongoing global warming and a range of subsequent changes in the marine environment as a result, including the rising sea levels and unusual weather phenomena, KORDI has been stepping up its monitoring of sea levels, water temperature, salinity and other oceanic factors to better understand changes in the global environment and protect human lives and properties against tidal waves, typhoons and other natural disasters. ``Temperatures in coastal waters surrounding the Korean Peninsula have been increasing at a faster pace than in other parts of the globe, severely affecting the marine environment here. We will continue to strengthen monitoring and studies of changes in the surrounding seas in a bid to better understand what is really going on. So, we can help policymakers make better informed decisions to preserve the marine eco-system in a more sustainable state,'' the oceanographer said Additionally, the institute has recently bolstered studies on the marine environment surrounding the country's easternmost islets of Dokdo. ``We set up a center exclusively dedicated to studying the islets in 2005. It surveys the eco-environment surrounding the island, gathers various data, and publishes findings in international academic journals. All these activities have and will help us boost our sovereignty over Dokdo,'' the KORDI head said. However, he said Korea still lags far behind advanced countries in marine science and technology. ``Our competitiveness in this field is only half that of the United States, Japan and other advanced economies. Additionally, only 2.5 percent of state research and development (R&D) funds are allocated to the marine science and technology fields.'' But Kang expressed an optimistic outlook for Korea's marine science and industry, saying the government and private companies are increasingly paying greater attention to the sector for potentially lucrative business opportunities. ``The country is already the world's largest shipbuilder and the world's sixth largest shipper. If we take advantage of these globally competitive industries, Korea will soon become one of the world's top five nations in marine industries,'' he said. To turn KORDI into one of the world's top-notch marine research institutes, Kang said it will soon come out with a blueprint outlining major areas designed to transform the nation into a marine-based economy. ``The United States and Japan have already named ocean development as one of their main national growth strategies. China has also announced its intent to explore natural resources in the ocean. We should place top policy priority on developing a wide range of marine science and technologies to foster a competitive marine industry.'' Kang also said the institute will boost international cooperation with research centers in foreign countries and jointly carry out scientific research and resources exploration.

Methane hydrates

South Korea icebreakers solve for methane Hydrates

Bennet 9-13 [Mia Bennett is pursuing a PhD in Geography at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA “South Korean icebreaker leads expedition to Canada’s Beaufort Sea for methane hydrates” http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2013/09/30/south-korean-icebreaker-leads-expedition-to-canadas-beaufort-sea-for-methane-hydrates/]
Four months after its acceptance as an observer to the Arctic Council, South Korea is fulfilling expectations surrounding its new role by leading a research survey into the Beaufort Sea to look for subsea permafrost and methane hydrates. The East Asian country’s self-constructed icebreaker, the Araon, left Barrow, Alaska on September 8 bound for Canadian waters. The Araon will spend a maximum of twenty days in Canada’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ), within the boundaries of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region (ISR), conducting its research. Seismic data will be collected with an array of eight airguns and ten ocean bottom seismometers. The project is called the Canada-Korea-USA Beaufort Sea Geoscience Research Survey. Its leaders are scientists from Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). In terms of infrastructure provided, however, South Korea might actually warrant top billing. On an expedition to Antarctica this past spring, glaciologist Ted Scambos reported that the Araon’s announcer called the vessel “the ship of dreams for polar research.” Scambos agreed with this description. Neither Canada nor the U.S. have ships that can quite compare with the state-of-the-art Korean icebreaker, built in 2009. Scientists were involved in the construction of the Araon from its inception, so it is “so it is very well-equipped for science, with all the latest high-tech equipment, as well as dry and wet laboratories,” according to Dong Min Jin, KOPRI’s director. During its expedition in the Beaufort Sea, the Araon will also have an AS-350 helicopter onboard to help transport researchers carrying out separate projects on marine mammals and sea ice. This latest expedition is a prime example of South Korea’s prowess in Arctic research. The country has the funds to carry out polar science, and, thanks to its world-class shipbuilding industry, it also has the necessary infrastructure. China, by contrast, has not yet mastered the art of ice-class shipping technology. The country’s sole icebreaker was purchased from Ukraine (though it is in the process of building a new icebreaker from scratch). South Korea and Japan are the only two Asian countries to have developed their own icebreakers. Japan’s polar research program is older than South Korea’s, and explorer Nobu Shirase even led a Japanese Antarctic expedition in 1910-1912. But South Korea is now the country making headlines in Asian-led polar research, bringing foreign scientists on board its vessel, too.

Indian Ocean

Japan is expanding their influence into the Indian Ocean. Solves with high tech industries

FDI 12 [Future Direction International Future Directions International (FDI) is an independent, not-for-profit Research Institute. It was established in 2000, by Major General the Honourable Michael Jeffery (former Governor General of Australia) together with a small group of leading Australians, to conduct comprehensive research of important medium to long-term issues facing Australia. “South Korea: National Involvement in the Indian Ocean Region” http://www.futuredirections.org.au/publications/indian-ocean/373-south-korea-national-involvement-in-the-indian-ocean-region.html]
South Korea (officially, the Republic of Korea) has commenced a process of enlarging its strategic reach, which includes the Indian Ocean region. As a net importer of energy resources, South Korea has a growing appreciation of the security environment and stability required in the Indian Ocean. With many rapidly growing economies, the Indian Ocean region is capable of providing South Korea with significant markets for its goods and high technology industries, as well as providing the natural resources to maintain South Korea’s own economic and strategic position. South Korea is becoming more ambitious in the use of its defence forces in multilateral operations beyond its own immediate region, signalling a willingness to take a greater responsibility for its own strategic future. South Korea has embarked upon a process of increasing its global presence and strategic reach, with a focus on the increasingly important Indian Ocean region. South Korea, as a net energy importer, is necessarily committed to maintaining the supply of the energy resources that are crucial to its economy. To facilitate the continued supply of energy and resources, South Korea has been actively increasing its level of diplomatic and economic activity with many of the states in the Indian Ocean region. South Korea has adopted a proactive role in the security of the Indian Ocean and the sea lines of communication (SLOCs) which cross it. Seoul has increased its naval capabilities and become more active in multilateral military operations, such as those in Iraq and Afghanistan. The increased activity has assisted South Korea in lifting its profile and to solidify its status as a middle power.

Aquaculture

South Korea solves Aquaculture, eased regulations and new large companies

Kim 12 [writer for MK business news “Large companies to enter S. Korea`s aquaculture industry”http://news.mk.co.kr/english/newsRead.php?rss=Y&sc=30800011&year=2012&no=50981]
Large companies will be allowed to enter the aquaculture sector for select items as the South Korean government plans to ease regulations barring conglomerate entry. "We need large-scale capital to nurture the fisheries sector," said Minister Seo Gyu-yong of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MIFAFF) in an interview with the Maeil Business News last Thursday. "We are planning to abolish the current ban on large company entry into the aquaculture industry," he said. Current regulations disqualify companies with more than 1,000 full time employees and capital asset over 500 billion won ($443.6 million) from obtaining fisheries licenses. This law has prevented large company entry into marine farming, shellfish farming, and fish farming that could have benefited from large capital inflow. "Large companies will still be barred from seaweed farming and other sectors where the competition could devastate the livelihood and survival of small time fishers and small companies. Conglomerate entry will thus be limited to large fish farms such as tuna and abalone farms," Seo continued. Seo also explained that this amendment was driven by government hopes of driving up fisheries exports. "We won't be placing a ban on conglomerate entry into the domestic fisheries market, but our main objective behind allowing large company entry into the sector is to boost fishery exports," he added. The new law will come into effect within the next month or two, once it passes through the National Assembly. "Last year's agriculture and fisheries exports hit a record high at $7.28 billion, but conditions will become tougher this year as the global economy slows," Seo said, while promising to chair monthly meetings to make sure Korea reaches $10 billion in exports this year.

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