REPORT CP/CSH-32/96 add. 5 March 12, 1997 1-Ch. Gradual Adoption of Agreements Regarding Advanced Notice of Military Exercises

March 12, 1997

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  The Government of Mexico does not conduct military exercises on a systematic basis. When such exercises have been conducted, the Mexican government has invited the military attaches accredited to Mexico.
  

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  The Government of Mexico participates in both the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the United Nations Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditure. Copies of the reports for 1996 are attached.
  
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  Mexico presented a copy of the standardized form for the reporting of international conventional weapons transfers, pertaining to the import and export of conventional weapons for 1996 and 1997, duly completed by the Mexican Secretariat of the Navy and Secretariat of Defense, respectively. It includes a table containing general information on 1997 stocks of war materiel (CP/CSH- 84/97 add. 3 and CP/CSH-84/97 add. 3-a).
  
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  Presented the military spending budget for fiscal year 1997 (CP/CSH- 84/97 add. 3 and CP/CSH-84/97 add. 3-a).
  
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  Transmitted reports on international conventional weapons transfers (pursuant to United Nations General Assembly resolution 46/36 L) pertaining to imports and exports during fiscal year 1998, completed by the Mexican Secretariat of the Navy and Secretariat of National Defense (CP/CSH-237/99, and CP/CSH-237/99 add. -a).
  
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  Transmitted the instrument for the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures (actual expenditures at current prices) for the fiscal period 1/1/96 – 12/31/98. An annex contains the results of public policy design and implementation strategies (CP/CSH-237/99, CP/CSH-237/99 add. -a).
  

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  Representatives of other countries in the Hemisphere participate in an exchange of information in the various military schools of Mexico.
  
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  The law governing the structure of Mexico's Army, Air Force, and Navy clearly sets forth the central components of its national defense doctrines.
  
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  The annual reports of the Secretariats of Defense and the Navy, which are public documents, specify the policies in which this doctrine is embodied.
  

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  The Government of Mexico has traditionally participated, and continues to participate, in numerous multilateral initiatives to advance conventional arms limitation and control - this in addition to the confidence-building measures set forth in the Declaration of Santiago. Noteworthy in that regard is its observance and promotion of the aims of the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear arms in Latin America and the Caribbean; its efforts to create a zone free of antipersonnel land mines in the Western Hemisphere; and the Mexican initiative adopted by the heads of state of the Rio Group at the Cochabamba Summit, the aim of which is to coordinate measures to prevent an arms race in Latin America and the Caribbean and define cooperative approaches to the control of illicit arms trafficking.
  
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  In late 1996, in Cancun, Quintana Roo, the Government of Mexico held a meeting of Rio Group experts to consider a preliminary draft convention to prevent the illicit manufacture, trafficking, sale, and transfer of firearms, ammunition, and explosives. This effort will continue at another meeting to be held next March in Puerto de Ixtapa, in the State of Guerrero, Mexico. It is hoped that a draft convention can be concluded there for submission to the appropriate forum for final consideration and opening to signature and ratification.
  

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  The military attachés accredited to Mexico are regularly invited to visit the military installations and teaching institutions of the Secretariat of Defense and Secretariat of the Navy, as well as to observe various activities conducted by the Armed Forces of Mexico.
  
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  As part of the training program for civilian and military personnel, exchanges are arranged for students and instructors with various countries, such as Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Peru, and the United States.
  

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  The Government of Mexico conducts such activities through the National Civil Defense System, in which various government agencies and secretariats participate, including the Secretariats of Defense and the Navy. Mexican assistance in the event of disasters is provided through such a mechanism.
  

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  With the support of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA), the Government of Mexico organized a basic course on national mechanisms for the prevention of natural disasters, held from December 4 to 7, 1995, in Barbados, with the participation of 18 officials and specialists working in this area from 14 Caribbean countries.
  
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  The Tuxtla II Action Plan, signed by the countries of Central America, includes a section concerning civil protection and disaster prevention and services.
  
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  The Government of Mexico also signed an agreement with the United States Government on cooperation in the event of natural disasters.
  

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  Mexico and the United States hold meetings of their border control commanders that address these and other matters.
  
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  Communication between civilian authorities on border-related matters takes place between specialized mechanisms, such as the border and water control commissions at the northern and southern borders, as well as in the bilateral commissions with Mexico’s neighboring countries.
  

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  The Matías Romero Institute of Diplomatic Studies of the Mexican Secretariat of Foreign Affairs organized the seminar "Mutual Confidence-Building Measures: Strategic Balance and Verification Processes," held from August 28 to 29, 1995, and attended by representatives of several countries in the Hemisphere.
  
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  Mexico took part in the conference "Towards a New Caribbean Security Agenda," organized by the Woodrow Wilson Center and the Eastern Caribbean Regional Security System, within the framework of the Program for Peace and Security in the Americas conducted by the Wilson Center in Barbados on October 21 and 22, 1996.
  

June 7, 2001

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  Mexico submitted a copy of the United Nations standardized instrument for reporting military expenditures for the year 2000.
  

June 7, 2001

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  Mexico submitted a copy of the United Nations standardized instrument for reporting international transfers of conventional weapons in the year 2000.
  

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  Nicaragua submitted the report on Army spending for the year 2001.
  
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  Participation in the Conference of Central American Armed Forces “CFAC”:
  

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  Meetings of the Supreme Council. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. May 22-24, 2000, and November 24-25, 2000. Participants: Members of the CFAC Supreme Council. Venue: El Salvador.
  
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  Meetings of the Executive Committee. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. March 20 to February 21, 2000, and October 16-19, 2000. Participants: Heads of the General Staffs of the member countries. Venue: El Salvador.
  
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  Meetings of the Pro Tempore General Secretariat. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. February 14-16, 2000; July 3-6, 2000; September 18-22, 2000; May 14-16, 2000; October 29 to November 2, 2000. Participants: Army representatives to CFAC. Venue: El Salvador.
  

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  2nd Specialized Civilian Affairs Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. March 6-7, 2000. Participants: 2nd Chief of Civilian Affairs, 1st Officer of Social Action Department. Venue: El Salvador.
  
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  2nd Specialized Military Education Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. May 29 to June 2, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate. Venue: Guatemala.
  
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  2nd Specialized Air Force Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. June 21-22, 2000. Participants: Member country delegations. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  2nd Specialized Military Health Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. August 7-9, 2000. Participants: Head of the Military Medical Corps, Head of the Medical Attention Section, and Head of the Military Hygiene and Epidemiological Center. Venue: Honduras.
  
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  1st Specialized Peacekeeping Operations Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. August 10-11, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate. Venue: Honduras.
  
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  3rd Specialized Intelligence Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. September 18-22, 2000. Participants: 2nd Chief of the Intelligence and Counterintelligence Directorate, Chief of the Military Intelligence and Counterintelligence Directorate, and Section Chief. Venue: Guatemala.
  
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  1st Specialized Logistics Activity, involving El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. September 26-27, 2000. Participants: Member country delegations to CFAC. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  1st Operations Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. November 7-8, 2000. Participants: Chief of Operations and Planning Directorate, and Chief of Operations Section. Venue: El Salvador.
  
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  2nd Specialized Naval Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. November 8-10, 2000. Participants: Navy chief and one officer-instructor. Venue: Guatemala.
  
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  1st UHR-CFAC exercise, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. October 25-27, 2000. Participants: Member country delegations from the UHR-CFAC's components. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Human rights conference, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. November 7-8, 2000. Participants: Director of the Higher Center for Military Studies. Venue: El Salvador.
  
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  3rd Central American Military Forum for a culture of peace and nonviolence. UNESCO - CFAC. The member states of CFAC and UNESCO participated. December 12-13, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate, Chief of the Military History Center, Representative of the Nicaraguan Army to CFAC, Military Attaché of the Republic of Honduras, and one UNESCO special guest. Venue: Honduras.
  
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  Attendance at the Conference of American Armies (CAA):
  

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  1st Conference on Civilian Matters and Military Lawyers. CAA member states. August 7-12, 2000. Participant: Legal Advice Chief. Venue: Honduras.
  
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  Meeting of CAA liaison officers. Held at Fort Benning, United States, November 11, 2000. Participant: CAA Liaison Officer.
  

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  Participation at the meetings of the Central American Integration System (SICA):
  

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  Meeting of the Defense and Security Subcommittee of the SICA member counties. April 27-28, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense and security subcommittees. Venue: Panama.
  
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  Meeting of the Defense Subcommittee of the Central American Security Committee. SICA member countries. September 7-8, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense subcommittees. Venue: Guatemala.
  
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  22nd meeting of the Central American Security Committee. SICA member countries. June 2-9, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense subcommittees. Venue: Panama.
  
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  Meeting of the Defense Subcommittee of the Central American Security Committee. SICA member countries. September 7-8, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense subcommittees. Venue: Panama.
  

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  Participation at the Inter-American Naval Conference (IANC):
  

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  20th Inter-American Naval Conference. IANC member countries. March 26-31, 2000. Participant: Navy chief and one advisor. Venue: Colombia.
  

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  Participation at meetings of the Southern Command:
  

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  1st Conference on Regional Security, between the United States and Nicaragua. July 12-15, 2000. Participants: Nicaraguan Army Chief; Chief of the Office of International Military Bodies. Venue: Miami.
  

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  Foreign supervision of the demining program:
  

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  Operations front No. 3. Bolivia. September 11, 2000, to August 11, 2001. Participants: Capt. Bernardo Cadima.
  
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  Operations front No. 4. Bolivia. September 11, 2000, to September 11, 2001. Participants: Lt. Cesar Augusto Loza.
  
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  E.M - MARMINCA. Brazil. March 15, 2000, to March 15, 2001. Participants: Lt. Cmdr. Normando Bona.
  
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  Operations front No. 4. Brazil. August 29, 2000, to May 9, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Eraído Rozando.
  
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  Operations front No. 4. Brazil. September 19, 2000, to February 1, 2001. Participants: Lt. Capt. (Navy) Wilson Guedes.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 17, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Joso Gómez Da Silva.
  
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  E.M - MARMINCA. Brazil. September 18, 2000, to March 29, 2001. Participants: Lt. Cmdr. Gilson Amado.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 26, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: Capt. Paulo Cursi Curtí.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to May 9, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Niomar Schwamback.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: Capt. José Luis Araujo dos S.
  
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  Operations front No. 5. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Marton Grala.
  
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  Operations front No. 5. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Decio Kazlavtsh.
  
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  E.M - MARMINCA. Brazil. February 6, 2001, to August 29, 2001. Participants: Capt. Rogerio Cetrim de Siqueire.
  
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  Operations front No. 4. Brazil. February 20, 2001, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Orlando Oliveira.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. El Salvador. June 23, 2000, to June 23, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Ricardo D. Abarca.
  
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  Operations front No. 4. El Salvador. June 23, 2000, to June 23, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Ernesto Ayala B.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. El Salvador. September 15, 2000, to August 15, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Israel Sánchez R.
  
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  Operations front No. 4. El Salvador. September 15, 2000, to September 15, 2001. Participants: 2nd Lt. Eduvier Mejía Ramos.
  
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  E.M - MARMINCA. Guatemala. September 20, 2000, to September 20, 2001. Participants: Col. Luis Felipe Ramos González.
  
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  Operations front No. 5. Guatemala. September 20, 2000, to September 20, 2001. Participants: Capt. Ivan Alexel Arias R.
  
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  Operations front No. 3. Venezuela. June 1, 2000, to June 1, 2001. Participants: Capt. Frank A. Zurita H.
  
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  Operations front No. 5. Venezuela. October 10, 2000, to October 10, 2001. Participants: Lt. Arnulfo J. Cordova G.
  

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  Nicaragua reported on the composition of its armed forces, their organization, facilities, arms, materials, and equipment, using the army organizational chart.
  
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  First Regional War Game for training in the international law of armed conflicts, July 18-20, 2000, in El Salvador. Participants: 5 senior officers.
  
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  New Horizons Exercise "Task Force Sébaco,” May 24 to August 30, 2000, in Nicaragua. Participants: 170 troops from the United States and Nicaragua.
  
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  “Medrete” medical exercise, involving the United States and Nicaragua. August 13-25, 2000. Participants: 15 troops. The Nicaraguan Army served as the liaison between the U.S. team and MINSA. It also provided protection and security services. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  The Nicaraguan Army participated in the joint exercise for coordinating and organizing protection and security for the special tropical jungle training exercise carried out by the French armed forces' 33rd RIMA. June 5-16, 2000. Participants: Head of operations planning, 1st intelligence officer, 1st signals officer, head of the 2nd border zone. Venue: DMS - Nicaragua.
  
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  The Nicaraguan Army participated in Humanitarian Exercise 2000. February 13-26, 2000. Participants: 13 troops. Venue: Dominican Republic
  
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  Emergency committee organization exercise, involving Nicaragua and the United States. May 14-17, 2000. Participants: 2nd Head of Civil Defense (staff), two civil defense officers. Venue: United States.
  
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  Nicaragua has held cultural, academic, and sporting events with the armed forces of Central America, including:
  

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  Participation in the armed forces parade at the 229th anniversary of the Guatemalan Army, June 28 to July 3, 2000. Participants: 30 cavalry cadets and 2 officers. Venue: Guatemala.
  
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  Participation at the 5th Ibero-American Meeting of Military Academies, held in Chile on September 18-25, 2000. Participants: 2 officers and 2 cavalry cadets.
  

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  Official visit by the Nicaraguan Army to Southern Command. February 28-29, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: USA.
  
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  Official visit by the Nicaraguan Army for the anniversary of the Guatemalan armed forces. June 23-25, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Guatemala.
  
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  Coordination meeting between law enforcement and military authorities. July 20, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer of the Nicaraguan Army and the Minister of the Interior, Police, and Public Security of Costa Rica. Venue: Peñas Blancas.
  
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  Working visit by the Nicaraguan Army to the Republic of El Salvador. August 16, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: El Salvador.
  
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  Official visit by the Nicaraguan Army to Mexico's independence celebrations. September 12-22, 2000. Participant: Inspector-General of the Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Mexico.
  
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  Visit by the Nicaraguan Army to the transfer of command over the Belize Defense Force. November 14-16, 2000. Participant: Inspector-General of the Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Belize.
  
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  Coordination meeting to explore the possibility of teaching a basic intelligence course in the Nicaraguan Army. Nicaragua and Guatemala. September 1, 2000. Participants: Head of the Defense Information Directorate, Head of the Liaison Department of Guatemala's Strategic Analysis Secretariat. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Decoration ceremony and presentation of certificates to MARMINCA personnel. Bolivia, Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Venezuela. September 26, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army; decorated officers. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Courtesy visit and decoration ceremony for Lt. Gen. Charles Whlhelm. August 23, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army; commanding officer, Southern Command. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Visit by candidates of the Inter-American Defense College (Inter-American Defense Board “CID”). Nicaragua and USA, March 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army; 90 senior officers. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Courtesy visit by a representative of AMNA from Canada (September 4, 2000, Col. David Brook), Korea (June 7-10, 2000, Col. Hoo Park), and Germany (September 4-8, 2000. Lt. Col. Heribert Schneider). Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Visit to USCGS Mellon of the United States Coast Guard at the port of Corinto, Nicaragua. June 23, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army.
  
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  Working visit by generals of the United States Army. February 23, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Planned visits by the Association of Military, Naval, and Air Attachés to Nicaraguan Army facilities.
  

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  1st Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. February 11, 2000. Military attachés from Guatemala and Mexico, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
  
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  4th Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. April 12, 2000. Military attachés from El Salvador and Honduras, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
  
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  5th Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. May 9, 2000. Military attachés from Spain and France, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
  
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  6th Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. June 8, 2000. Military attachés from Taiwan-ROC and the USA, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
  
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  Nicaraguan Air Force. August 10, 2000. Attachés from the United Kingdom and Germany carried out visits.
  
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  Nicaraguan Navy. January 12, 2000. Attachés from the United Kingdom and Germany carried out visits.
  
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  Nicaraguan Institute for Military Social Welfare. October 26, 2000. Attachés from the United Kingdom and Germany carried out visits.
  

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  5th conference of directors of intelligence agencies from Central America and Panama, with the Republic of China. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and China. Held in Costa Rica, July 20, 2000. Participants: Nicaragua: Head of the DID. Honduras: Director of Intelligence (C-2) of the armed forces joint staff. El Salvador: Director of the State Intelligence Agency (OIE). Guatemala: Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE). Costa Rica: Director General of Intelligence and National Security (DIS). Panama: Executive Secretary of the Public Security and National Defense Council (CSPDN). China: Director General of the National Security Bureau.
  
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  4th Meeting of directors of intelligence and security agencies from Central America, Panama, and Spain. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Spain. Held in Panama, September 26-27, 2000. Participants: Guatemala: Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE). Honduras: Head of the Analysis Department, Directorate of Intelligence (C-2) of the armed forces joint staff. El Salvador: Director of the State Intelligence Agency (OIE). Nicaragua: Head of the Defense Information Directorate (DID). Costa Rica: Director General of Intelligence and National Security (DIS). Panama: Executive Secretary of the National Security Council. Kingdom of Spain: Director General of the Higher Defense Information Center (CESID).
  
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  International seminar on "Organized Crossborder Crime: Drug Trafficking and Money Laundering." Organized by the Higher Defense Information Center (CESID), Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Held in Nicaragua, March 27-31, 2000. Participants: Panama: Head of the Financial Analysis Unit of the Public Security and National Defense Council (CSPDN) and the legal advisor to the CSPDN's Director. Costa Rica: Head of the Human Resources Area of the Intelligence and Security Directorate (DIS) and Head of the DIS's Financial Analysis Unit. Honduras: Director of Intelligence (DIEM) of the armed forces joint staff and Head of Information of the DIEM. El Salvador: Head of the Drug Trafficking Area of the State Intelligence Agency (OIE). Guatemala: Subdirector of the Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE) and the SAE's legal advisor. Spain: Higher Defense Information Center (CESID) in Nicaragua, the Head of the International Relations Area for Ibero-America. Nicaragua: 2nd head of the Defense Information Directorate (DID) and 18 heads and 1st officers of the DID.
  
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  Meeting of the technical committee of the Central America and Panama intelligence agency community. Organized by: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama. Held in: Costa Rica, in May 2000. Participants: Guatemala: Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE), deputy liaison. Honduras: Directorate of Intelligence of the armed forces joint staff (DIEM), permanent liaison. El Salvador: State Intelligence Agency (OIE), permanent liaison. Nicaragua: Defense Information Directorate (DID), permanent liaison. Costa Rica: Directorate of Intelligence and National Security (DIS), permanent liaison. Panama: Executive Secretariat of the Public Security and National Defense Council (CSPDN), permanent liaison.
  
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  2nd Ibero-American Strategic Intelligence Seminar, organized by the intelligence and security agencies of all the Ibero-American nations. Held in Uruguay, November 6-10, 2000
  
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  International Maritime Course. Held in the United States; March 8, 2000, to April 24, 2001. Participant: One naval officer.
  
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  1st Workshop on Maritime Operations. Held in the United States; January 6-7, 2000. Participant: Chief of the Nicaraguan General Staff.
  
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  Seminar on trial proceedings; held in Nicaragua, May 11-12, 2000. Participants: 9 senior and junior officers.
  
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  Workshop of the Juridical Committee of the Americas; held in the USA, May 10-13, 2000. Participants: 1 senior officer from Nicaragua.
  
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  Seminar on trial proceedings; held in Nicaragua, May 17-19, 2000. Participants: 9 officers.
  
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  Final planning conference for New Horizons; held in Puerto Rico, May 12-16, 2000. Participants: 3 officers from the Civilian Affairs Directorate.
  
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  Course for patrol commanders; held in Costa Rica, May 19, 2000. Participants: 4 naval officers.
  
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  Course on boarding techniques; held in Nicaragua, May 12-16, 2000. Participants: 13 naval officers.
  
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  Seminar on planning and banning drugs; held in Nicaragua, June 19-23, 2000. Participants: 12 naval officers.
  
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  Conference on the composition of reserve troops; held in the USA Nicaragua, December 7-10, 2000. Participant: 1 senior officer from the Personnel and Staff Directorate.
  
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  Basic American course for English instructors; held in the United States, March 29 to April 2, 2001. Participant: 1 teacher from the Higher Center for Military Studies.
  
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  First Annual Conference of Central American and Caribbean Women; held in the Dominican Republic, November 13-17, 2000. Participants: 2 senior officers.
  
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  Human rights seminar; held in the United States, October 24-26, 2000. Participant: Head of the Senior Staff School.
  
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  Domestic operations seminar; held in the United States, October 16 to November 27, 2000. Participant: Head of the Civilian Affairs Directorate.
  
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  Flight controller course; held in Mexico, August 22, 1999, to July 30, 2002. Participant: 1 cavalry cadet.
  
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  Naval Staff Course; held in Mexico, August 1, 2000, to July 12, 2001. Participant: 1 senior officer.
  
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  Air Command and General Staff Course; held in Mexico, September 2, 2000, to July 26, 2001. Participant: 1 senior Air Force officer.
  
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  Medical speciality course; held in Mexico, September 2, 2000, to August 26, 2001. Participant: 1 officer from the Military Medical Corps.
  
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  Naval Intelligence Course II for junior officers; held in El Salvador, April 24 to August 28, 2000. Participant: One naval officer.
  
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  Regional seminar on “Formulating defense policy in democratic societies"; held in Guatemala, March 1-3, 2000. Participants: Head of the Personnel and Staff Directorate, Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate.
  
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  International psychological operations course; held in Guatemala, September 25, 2000, to November 22, 2001. Participants: 2 officers from the Civilian Affairs Directorate.
  
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  Masters in Central America history; held in Costa Rica, July 10, 2000, to June 30, 2001. Participants: 2 officers from the Military History Center.
  
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  Command and Staff Course; held in Brazil, December 20, 1999, to November 24, 2000. Participants: 1 teaching officer from the Higher Center for Military Studies.
  
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  Seminar on education and defense; held in the USA, March 12-15, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate.
  
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  Epidemiological conference; held in Guatemala, Nicaragua, March 26 to April 1, 2000. Participant: 1 officer from the Military Medical Corps.
  
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  Conference on engineering planning; held in Puerto Rico, April 2-5, 2000. Participant: 2nd Head of the Civilian Affairs Directorate; 1 officer from the Operations and Planning Directorate.
  
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  Planning conference for the peace-keeping exercise; held in Honduras, April 11-14, 2000. Participant: 1 section chief from the Personnel and Staff Directorate.
  
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  Course on operations law; held in the United States, April 30 to May 4, 2000. Participant: 1 military audit officer.
  
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  Seminar on trial proceedings; held in Managua, February 8 to May 10, 2000. Participant: 20 officers from different military units.
  

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  Organization, updating, and execution of Plan Playa along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. In April.
  
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  Drafting and updating the Winter 2000 Emergency Plan. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. February through November.
  
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  Drafting and execution of the Population Organization and Evacuation Plan for volcanic eruptions, mudslides, landslides, and lahars; nationwide scope. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. February through October.
  
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  Organization and training of prevention, mitigation, and attention committees: eight at the departmental level, 57 at the municipal level, and 315 at the local level. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. February through December.
  

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  Coordination meeting for the agreements reached by the governments of Nicaragua and Costa Rica regarding the limits of their border; held on March 10, 2000. Participants: Head of the Southern Military Detachment, Head of the Border Command (with Costa Rica). Venue: "Los Chiles” post.
  
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  Coordination meeting for limiting and reviewing main markers along the border between Nicaragua and Costa Rica; held on March 13, 2000. Participants: Head of the Southern Military Detachment, two Costa Rican warrant officers. Venue: San Carlos, Nicaragua.
  
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  Coordination and exchanges of security information, between Nicaragua and Costa Rica. March 16, 2000. Participants: Head of the Southern Military Detachment, Director of the border police - Costa Rica.
  

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  Border Police Director replaced by Col. Luis Sanabria.
  
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  Agreement between Nicaragua and Costa Rica for enhancing the border, with the presence of both forces during the placement of new stones and markers.
  
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  Illegal logging, hunting, and fishing along the border, from Costa Rica.
  
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  Property shared by the two countries.
  
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  Contraband of all kinds.
  
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  Costa Rican businessmen who cut timber in the vicinity of the river San Juan.
  
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  Environmental protection.
  

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  Coordination meeting between the mayor of San Carlos and the Nicaraguan Head of Migration, with members of the Costa Rican parliament and the mayor of Los Chiles; October 9-10, 2000. Venue: Nicaraguan border. The Nicaraguan Army provided protection and security.
  
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  Request by the head of the Honduran Army post in Arenales sector (3928) for a meeting with the military chief in Jalapa. Honduras and Nicaragua. February 2, 2001. Participants: Military chief of Jalapa-Nicaragua, head of the Honduran border post.
  
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  Information exchange meeting, between Honduras and Nicaragua. February 23, 2000. Participants: Head of the Nicaraguan Army, head of the Honduran joint armed forces chiefs of staff. Venue: Las Manos, Nicaragua.
  
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  The Nicaraguan Navy has exchanged operating information:
  

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  On illegal activities in the Gulf of Fonseca, with Honduras. (January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2001.) Participants: Navy delegations.
  
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  On illegal activities in the Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2001. Participants: Navy delegations. Dealing with the Navy.
  

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  First combined navigation in the North Caribbean. Navigation north of the 15th parallel, Cayo Bobel, and Cayo Sur. Honduras, Nicaragua. May 1, 2000, to January 1, 2001. Participants: Navy delegations. In compliance with the Memorandum of Understanding.
  
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  Seminar on BSR and on efforts against piracy and trafficking in migrants. Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the United States. May 18-20, 2000. Participants: Navy delegations. Venue: Costa Rica.
  
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  Submission of a proposal for the second combined navigation. Honduras and Nicaragua. May 30, 2000. This proposal was not accepted by the Honduran Navy.
  
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  Visit by Nicaragua's Navy to the Navy of El Salvador. October 7 to July 7, 2000. Friendly meeting.
  
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  Visit to the DNP of the Salvadoran coast guard. November 23-24, 2000. Friendly meeting.
  
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  In compliance with item V of the Memorandum of Understanding signed by Honduras and Nicaragua on March 7, 2000, Nicaragua carried out the following:
  

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  Action No. LMM-JFA/142/00 FAH: Stationing an MI-17 in Waspan municipality in the border area, for accident evacuations following mine explosions under the aegis of the National General Demining Plan.
  
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  Action LMM-JFA/147/00 FAH: Extended deployment of an MI-17 in Waspan municipality, border zone.
  
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  Action LMM-JFA/237/00 FAH of 11/Dec/00: Security for National Demining in the Río Coco border area.
  
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  Action No. LMM/JFA/26/00 FAH of 24/Jan/01: An Air Force craft to conduct a flyover of the Bismuna to Cabo Viejo route in the northern sector.
  

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  Exchanges of information regarding illicit flights detected or discovered by the region's other Air Forces. Honduras, Nicaragua, and Colombia. January 15-21, 2001.
  
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  Telephonic notification of the FAC Command and Control Center about illicit flight in the Central American area, possibly headed to Nicaragua, El Salvador, or Costa Rica. (February 12, 2001.)
  
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  Mobilization of Nicaragua's Humanitarian and Rescue Unit (UHR) to assist the Republic of El Salvador during its dengue epidemic. September 30 to October 17, 2000. Participants: 11 troops. Medical assistance given to: 8,413 fumigated houses and 58 meters.
  
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  Mobilization of Nicaragua's UHR to assist the residents of Laguna de Apoyo and Massaya during the earthquake. August 6 to September 26, 2000, and July 6-11. Participants: 578 troops, 5 land vehicles, 2 air vehicles. Venue: Nicaragua.
  
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  Mobilization of Nicaragua's UHR during the floods caused by Hurricane Keith. October 2, 2000, to November 4, 2000. Participants: 44 troops, 5 land vehicles, 1 air vehicle. Actions: 75 evacuations, transportation of solid loads (600 lbs). Venue: Nicaragua.
  

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  4th Education for Peace Course. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to final-year cavalry cadets. October.
  
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  3rd International Politics Course. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to the students of the General Staff's 3rd diploma course. October.
  
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  1st Course on Democratic Conflict Management. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to the students of the Arms and Service Enhancement Course. July.
  
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  Course on International Humanitarian Law. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to the students of the General Staff's 3rd diploma course. August.