-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises

1-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises.

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  U.S. regional Military commands conducted nearly three dozen bilateral and multilateral exercises with member states during U.S. Fiscal Year 1999 (October 1, 1998-September 30, 1999). Details of the U.S. Southern Command exercise program are attached (Annex A of original report).
  

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  On an annual basis, the United States has sent to the OAS Secretary General, the Committee on Hemispheric Security, and OAS member states a copy of the information conveyed by the United States to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the International Standardized Reporting of Military Expenditures. This data is provided in compliance with the exchange of information agreed on in the Santiago Declaration. Last year this information was provided to the OAS in July 1999.
  

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  The U.S. annually transmits to the OAS and its member states a copy of the “Secretary of Defense’s Annual Report to the President and the Congress.” This document includes information on the size, structure, and capabilities of the U.S. Armed Forces, their deployment, and major military programs. On April 6, 2000, the U.S. circulated a copy of its report to each member state of the Committee on Hemispheric Security.
  
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  In 1999, the U.S. participated in the System of Cooperation among American Air Forces (SICOFAA: Sistema de Cooperación entre las Fuerzas Aéreas Americanas). SICOFAA is an inter-American Air Force organization begun in 1961, which has as its purposes fomenting and strengthening the bonds of friendship that unite its members, and the attainment of mutual support among them through the coordination and cooperation of the air forces when they need to act jointly by direction of their respective governments.
  
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  The U.S. also participated in the Conference of American Armies (CAA) hosted by the Government of Bolivia in November 1999. The U.S. was represented by the Chief of Staff, General Eric Shinseki at the week-long event.
  

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  During 1999-2000, the U.S. participated in bilateral discussions on political, defense, and security issues with Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.
  
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  The U.S. also conducted a series of bilateral talks at the Joint Staff level with Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. These annual meetings, hosted in alternate years in the United States, focus on an exchange of ideas and issues including the development and training of the joint staff, regional security, and support to peacekeeping and disaster assistance operations.
  

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  On April 6, 2000 at the special OAS meeting on CSBMS, the United States announced to undertake an annual confidence-building measure of inviting the Chairman of the Committee on Hemispheric Security to observe a multilateral military exercise conducted in the region.
  
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  During 1999, the U.S. hosted civilian and military officials from 32 countries of the Hemisphere under the auspices of the grant International Military Education and Training (IMET) program. Approximately 2,770 students were trained at a cost of $10,72,000.
  
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  Attached an extract of a Department of State-Department of Defense Joint Report to Congress on Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 1999 and 2000 which, among other things, contains country-by-country details on the IMET program in the Hemisphere (Annex B of original report).
  

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  The US Department of the Army, through the Military Personnel Exchange Program (MPEP), had exchanges with: Argentina (staff officer); Brazil (engineer Staff and language instructor); Canada (logistics Staff, aviation staff, staff college instructor, plans and operations staff, artillery Instructor, research and development, electronic warfare, engineer Instructor, Instructor, topographic, air defense artillery Instructor, operation staff, logistics staff, logistic staff, general officer); Colombia (ranger instructor, staff, noncommissioned Officer Academy Instructor); Mexico (language Instructor, instructor pilot); Venezuela (infantry Instructor, armor instructor, special Operations Instructor, artillery Instructor, signal Instructor, engineer instructor).
  
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  The US Department of the Navy had exchanges with: Argentina (Assistant navigator, instructor pilot); Brazil (assistant navigator, assistant customer service officer, instructor naval officer); Canada (systems training Petty Officer, Staff Officer to Director Ocean Surveillance, Administrative Director Finding Coordinator, Direction Finding Operator, Administrative Direction Finding Coordinator, Cryptography Technician, Logistics Support Officer, Systems Assessment Directorate, Surface ASW Officer, Staff Officer to Ocean Surveillance Systems, Staff Exercises Officer, Ship Superintendent, EOD Underwater System Project Officer, Instructor Pilot, Schedules Officer, Coordinator ASW Instructor Surface, NATO Plans and Exercise Officer, Helicopter RDT&E Coordinator, Instructor Naval Flight Officer, ASW Tactical/Development/ Evaluation Officer, Exercise Operations Officer, System Readiness Officer, VS Engineer Proposal Officer, Operational Test Director, Assistant Fleet Air ASW Operations Officer, Operational Test Director/Coordinator Surveillance, Test Pilot, Tactical Warfare Instructor); Chile (Instructor Flight Engineer, First Lieutenant, instructor pilot); Colombia (Assistant Navigator); Mexico (Instructor Spanish Language); Venezuela (Flight Instructor, SAR pilot).
  
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  The US Marine Corps had exchanges with: Argentina (Staff Officer) Brazil (Assistant Operations Officer); Canada (Pilots); Chile (Staff Officer, instructor); Peru (Staff Officer).
  
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  The US Department of the Air Force had exchanges with: Argentina (Instructor, AT-38 Instructor Pilot); Canada (F-16 Pilot, Behavior Scientist, Computer Systems Analyst, System Analyst, System Engineer, ACSC Instructor, C-130 Pilot, Logistics Officer, Aerospace Engineer, Navigation Instructor, C-130 Navigator, Avionics System Engineer, Test Pilot, T-37 Instructor Pilot, Battle Management System Staff Officer, Flight Nurse, Civil Engineer, Safety Officer, Personnel Officer, Joint Electronic Warfare Officer, Security Police Officer, Research and development Program Manager, SNCO Academy Instructor); Chile (T-37 Instructor Pilot) Ecuador (T-37 Instructor Pilot, Aircraft maintenance Officer); Mexico (Instructor); Peru (T-37 Instructor Pilot, Instructor); Uruguay (T-38 Instructor Pilot); Venezuela (T-37 Instructor Pilot, Aircraft maintenance Officer, Computer Systems Officer, Supply Officer).
  
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  The Defense Information Systems Agency had exchanges with: Canada (Communications and Electronics Officer).
  
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  The US Department of the Air Force, through the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program had exchanges with: Canada (Landing Systems engineer)
  
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  The US Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, through the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program had exchanges with: Canada (scientist).
  
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  The US Defense Intelligence Agency, through the Defense Intelligence Personnel Exchange Program, had exchanges with: Canada (intelligence analyst).
  

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  The U.S. has invited numerous participants from throughout the Hemisphere to observe military exercises, perform joint exercises and training, and personnel exchanges.
  
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  Attached an extract of the Department of Defense’s Annual Report on Agreements for the Exchange of Defense Personnel between the United States and Foreign Countries, Fiscal Year 1999. (Annex C of original report provides country-by-country details of personnel exchange programs in the Hemisphere).
  

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  Antigua and Barbuda: in 1999 a total of 158 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 47 students. Both countries participated in joint exercises, training in maritime research and rescue, and the training of international maritime exercises that increase Antigua and Barbuda’s ability to work with the US entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations and other bilateral and multilateral operations. A US government provided 82-foot patrol boat, delivered in 1998 has been used extensively for coastal patrolling and maritime counter-narcotics missions.
  
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  Argentina: in 1999 a total of 450 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 125 students. The US reports to have a close relationship with the GOA, and the Argentine military actively participates in international peacekeeping and other multilateral efforts. The U.S. has also designated Argentina as a major non-NATO ally (MNNA). To promote interoperability and knowledge of U.S. operations, the Argentine military participated in a number of U.S. exercises. IMET courses in Civil-military Operations, Command and General Staff Officer Training, and Non-commissioned Officer Training, and participation at the CHDS, assist Argentina’s efforts to modernize and professionalize its armed forces, and helps reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military. Other training in aircraft and helicopter maintenance, and other courses in logistics management also increase Argentina’s ability to maintain U.S. equipment in its inventory, thus improve Argentine interoperability with U.S. forces in bilateral and multilateral activities.
  
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  The Bahamas: in 1999 a total of 42 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 13 students. IMET courses in basic military officers training, civil affairs, and access to the Naval Staff College assists the Bahamas in the development of a more professional and efficient security force. Training activities in counter-narcotics operations included instruction in operations planning and exercises with U.S. forces. Training in ship management and boarding team operations greatly enhances the Bahamas’ ability to assist in the counter-narcotics efforts. IMET training on legal issues involving military and peacekeeping operations will encourage continued Bahamian participation in other bilateral and multilateral activities. One result has been the close cooperation with the U.S. government on a combined counter-drug law enforcement effort, Operation Bahamas and Turks and Caicos (OPBAT) along with increased emphasis by the Bahamas on money laundering and asset forfeiture investigations and prosecutions.
  
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  Barbados: in 1999 a total of 47 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 9 students. IMET courses in basic military officers training, civil affairs, and access to the Naval Staff College and Center for Hemispheric Studies assists Barbados in the development of a more professional and efficient security force. Training in ship management and boarding team operations greatly enhances Barbados’ ability to assist in the counter-narcotics efforts. Barbados has continued its leadership role in the Eastern Caribbean in passing domestic legislation to enable it to implement maritime law enforcement agreements.
  
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  Belize: in 1999 a total of 436 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 77 students. IMET and other programs provide training and equipment to maintain a small but disciplined Belize Defense Force (BDF). BDF troops served with the CARICOM Battalion during peacekeeping operations in Haiti, and participate in regional training exercises with U.S. and Caribbean forces. IMET training in mid-level officers training, equipment maintenance, as well as the rule of law and discipline in military operations, greatly improves the professionalism and competence of the BDF. A number of activities were conducted to help make the BDF a more effective partner when operating with U.S. forces in joint exercises and operations, particularly in the counter-drug area.
  
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  Bolivia: in 1999 a total of 2152 students were trained in the U.S. and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 205 students. Bolivia is heavily engaged in major counter-narcotic efforts with significant support and partial funding from the U.S. IMET funds provides professional military education and NCO training to enhance the professionalism of Bolivia’s armed forces. Also emphasis on programs in civil-military relations, resources management, and democratic sustainment helps reinforce principles of civilian control of the military and democracy. The Bolivian government implemented its five-year counter-narcotics plan early in 1998. U.S. government training and participation in joint exercises have enabled Bolivia to phase out individual compensation for eradication, achieve record levels of eradication, substantially reduce the amount of cocoa under cultivation, and increase the number of arrests and chemical seizures.
  
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  Brazil: in 1999 a total of 49 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 33 students. The Brazilian military actively participates in international peacekeeping and other multilateral efforts. IMET training courses for NCOS, midlevel officers, and senior officers, and participation at the CHDS, assist Brazil’s efforts to modernize and professionalize its armed forces, and help reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military. Other training in equipment maintenance and logistics also increases Brazil’s ability to maintain its inventory.
  
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  Chile: in 1999 a total of 336 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 166 students. The US relationship with the GOC includes support for increased Chilean participation in international peacekeeping and other multilateral efforts, and a generally more prominent role on the international stage. Training activities have had multiple benefits. IMET management training courses for NCOS, mid-level officers, and senior officers assists in Chile’s efforts to modernize and professionalize its armed forces. Other courses, such as field artillery training for mid-level officers, help enhance the technical proficiencies of the Chilean military, while courses on the rule of law in military operations and CHDS participation, help reinforce Chile’s successful return to civilian control of the military.
  
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  Colombia: in 1999 a total of 2476 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 5086 students. The largest share of the training provided to the Colombian military is in direct support of the U.S. counter-drug strategy. Section 1004 counter-drug training in Colombia represents a variety of United States Marine Corps and Special Operations Forces (SOF) efforts including aviation aircrew training, Colombian Marine riverine training, and light infantry training of Colombian police and military units. All training is provided in support of counter-drug interdiction efforts. Additionally, in FY 1999, SOF units provided training for the 1^st Counter-drug Battalion of approximately 1,000 Colombian Army personnel. In FY 2000, DoD will continue its baseline counter-drug training program and, pending congressional passage of the Emergency Supplemental for Colombia, training will be provided for the 2nd and 3rd Counter-drug Battalion, a Support Battalion and Brigade Headquarters. The FY 2000 effort will include training of approximately 2,000 Colombian Army personnel. The IMET program adds to these counter-narcotics training efforts, and funds a broad range of courses for the Colombian military at all levels that promote mutually beneficial military-to-military relations, and increase understanding and defense cooperation between the U.S. and Colombia. Participation at the CHDS, and IMET courses include a strong emphasis on human rights, including courses on democratic sustainment. IMET also provides technical training for NCOs and field-grade officers, as well as training in maintenance, logistics, and resource management. These courses assist the Colombian military by increasing its abilities to better care for and maintain U.S.-provided equipment, thus increasing Colombia’s ability to pursue its counter-drug efforts.
  
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  Costa Rica: in 1999 a total of 402 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 163 students. Costa Rica’s participation in the CHDS and IMET training serves to further professionalize the coast guard and law enforcement services through courses such as patrol craft commander training, rule of law and discipline in military operations, and NCO professional development training. Likewise, as the GOCR assumes an increasingly sophisticated counter-narcotics role, other training provides access to modern, state-of-the-art law enforcement methods, as well as assistance in equipment maintenance, logistics, and resource management. Counter-narcotics training focused on operational skills, as well as joint exercises to improve interoperability with U.S. forces.
  
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  Dominica: in 1999 a total of 28 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 7 students. IMET training courses in areas such as defense management and NCO development assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force. Training in civil-military relations and legal considerations in military and peacekeeping operations will enhance adherence to human rights. Joint exercises and additional training of maritime officers, in peacekeeping operations, and in maritime search and rescue, enable Dominica to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotic activities search and rescue operations, international peacekeeping efforts, and other bilateral and multilateral operations.
  
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  Dominican Republic: in 1999 a total of 421 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 123 students. IMET training in areas such as civil-military operations and democratic sustainment will contribute to the Dominican Republic’s support for the principles of human rights, democracy, and civilian control of the military. Professional training and education at all levels (including NCO training and command and staff colleges) improves the professionalism of the Dominican Republic armed forces. Other training included technical and counter-narcotics training to increase the Dominican Republic’s ability to operate with U.S. forces; joint exercises promoted team building and established baseline knowledge of U.S. operations.
  
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  Ecuador: in 1999 a total of 681 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 173 students. Ecuador is designated as a major drug-transiting country, and many of the activities are in counter-narcotic operations, officer training, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance provide training needed to professionalize and modernize Ecuador’s military. Significant training efforts in counter-drug operations were conducted with prior year FMF funds. Joint exercises with U.S. forces contributed to continued cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotics efforts. In November 1999, Ecuador and the United States concluded a ten-year agreement for the access and use of Manta Air Force Base, Ecuador, as a Forward Operating Location for U.S. aircraft monitoring drug trafficking flights through the region. IMET training also assists in the demining efforts along Peru’s border with Ecuador.
  

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  El Salvador: in 1999 a total of 355 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 219 students. Bilateral military assistance has been appropriately reduced since the end of the civil war in 1992, and overall relations have flourished with the civilian government. Training is geared towards professional training programs that will sustain the dramatic improvement in civil-military relations and consequent improvement in the democratic climate and regional stability seen in recent years. Officer training at all levels, including command and staff colleges, and courses in civil-military relations and democratic sustainment helps reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military and reinforces the principles of human rights. Training provided, through IMET and with prior year FMF funds, in counter-narcotic operations, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance provided assistance needed to professionalize and modernize the Salvadoran military and encourages its continued cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotic efforts.
  
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  Grenada: in 1999 a total of 63 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 26 students. Training activities assist in the development of a more professional and efficient security force that will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotic operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Joint training and exercises with the U.S. forces contributed to greater interoperability and baseline understanding of U.S. counter-drug operations.
  

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  Guatemala: in 1999 a total of 190 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 133 students. Participation in CHDS activities, and training in civil-military relations, rule of law and discipline in military operations, and democratic sustainment helps reinforce the goal of civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Also, training in Officer Company-Grade and Command and General Staff College assists Guatemala’s efforts to professionalize its armed forces. Other training activities help Guatemalan forces strengthen their drug enforcement capabilities, conduct interdiction and eradication activities, and improve their ability to integrate their planning and execution with U.S. entities in regional counter-narcotic operations.
  
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  Guyana: in 1999 a total of 23 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 16 students. The mission of the small Guyana Defense Force is focused primarily on internal security. Although Guyana has not been identified as a major drug-transiting or producing country, narcotics trafficking is still a concern. Participation at the CHDS and funding for NCO and officer training and civil-military relations assists Guyana’s efforts to professionalize its armed forces, help reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military, reinforce principles of human rights. In FY 1999, two students attended the Air Force Academy. Training in maritime operations, helicopter repairs, and military operations other than war increase Guyana’s ability to cooperate in U.S. counter-narcotic efforts, countering illegal migrant activities, and other bilateral and multilateral operations.
  
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  Haiti: in 1999 a total of 122 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 33 students. The U.S. continues to assist the Government’s efforts to rebuild the nation’s political and economic infrastructure. Training provided, through IMET and with prior year FMF funds, in maritime control operations assist in the developing of Maritime Commerce Control programs, which will help in controlling narcotics traffic and illegal immigration. The U.S. government training and support has enabled Haiti to fully cooperate with the U.S. Coast Guard Ship Rider Program, demonstrate independent initiatives at sea, and increase the quantity of drug seizures.
  
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  Honduras: in 1999 a total of 325 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 265 students. Because of its geographic location, Honduras has become a transshipment point for narcotics entering the United States. Participation in CHDS and IMET is geared towards professional training programs that will sustain the dramatic improvement in civil-military relations and consequent improvement in the democratic climate and regional stability. Officer training at all levels, from NCO training up to command and staff colleges, and courses in civil-military relations and democratic sustainment helps reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military and reinforces the principles of human rights. Prior year FMF funds provided assistance in logistics management and support related to a 44’ boat transferred under EDA. Training in counter-narcotics operations, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance, and participation in exercises with U.S. forces, provide opportunities needed to professionalize and modernize the Honduran military, and encourages its continued cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotics efforts.
  

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  Jamaica: in 1999 a total of 159 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 134 students. The GOJ cooperates with the U.S. on a variety of international and regional issues, including a contribution of troops to the U.S.-led multinational force which intervened in Haiti in 1994. Jamaica is a major transit country for cocaine and the largest Caribbean producer and exporter of marijuana, but the GOJ’s cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotics goals has been fully certified. Training in civil affairs and mid to senior-level officer professional development help maintain a professional military force subject to civilian control. Additional training in aircraft repairs, information systems, logistics, and maritime operations assists in maintaining the technical proficiencies of the Jamaican military, while continued U.S. counter-narcotics training enhances Jamaica’s ability to combat narcotics traffickers. U.S. government training and exercises have enabled Jamaica to improve its participation in bilateral counter-drug initiatives, strengthen its anti-drug, anti-money and anti-corruption laws, and improve its counter-narcotics enforcement capabilities.
  
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  Mexico: in 1999 a total of 622 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 703 students. Mexico and the U.S. issued a joint counter-narcotic strategy in February 1998, and counter-narcotic cooperation is coordinated through the High Level Contact Group (HLCG). Participation at the CHDS and IMET funded training in the rule of law and discipline in military operations enhances civilian control of the military in Mexico’s and the principles of human rights. Mid-to-senior-level officer training helps to maintain the professionalism of the Mexican military. Resource management and equipment repairs help modernize Mexico’s armed forces, and enhance their proficiency. The U.S. conducts extensive training in the counter-narcotics area, with special focus in helicopter repair and maintenance of aircraft. Technical assistance covering a broad range of counter-drug capabilities and assets help enhance Mexico’s ability to combat narcotic traffickers and continue its cooperation with U.S. counter drug efforts.
  
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  Nicaragua: in 1999 a total of 71 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 56 students. Training activities promote regional security and strengthen democratic institutions. IMET programs such as civil-military relations and leadership training have helped the Nicaraguan National Army, make great progress in professionalizing its officer corps and supporting the leadership of a civilian president and a civilian Minister of Defense (MoD). The IMET program contains a significant English language component, as well as courses in military resource management and maritime operations. Participation at the CHDS help to stress the importance of human rights and the role of a modem military within a democratic framework.
  
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  Panama: in 1999 a total of 75 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 31 students. As one of two Latin American nations without a standing military, the U.S. will need to continue cooperative efforts with Panamanian security forces to counter transnational crime threats. Participation at CHDS and IMET funded training in the rule of law and discipline in military operations enhance the principles of human rights. IMET courses in maritime operations and ship transfer operations will enhance Panama’s ability to interdict transnational criminal activity and to ensure the security and continued smooth operation of the Canal. Training in counter-narcotics operations, resources management, logistics and equipment maintenance provides assistance needed to professionalize and modernize the Panamanian security forces and improve its counter-drug capabilities.
  
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  Paraguay: in 1999 a total of 288 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 53 students. Participation at the CHDS, and U.S. training funded through IMET in civil-military affairs, democratic sustainment, and the rule of law and discipline in military operations, will help instill civilian control of the military and support the principles of human rights. Training of NCOS, field-grade and flag officers assists in professionalizing Paraguay’s military, while training in logistics, maintenance, and aircraft and helicopter repairs helps to maintain the technical proficiencies of Paraguay’s armed forces and helps Paraguay’s counter-narcotics efforts. Participation in joint counter-drug and other operational training exercises improves interoperability with U.S. forces.
  

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  Peru: in 1999 a total of 983 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 231 students. Training in counter-narcotics operations, professional military education, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance provide training needed to professionalize and modernize Peru’s military and enhance its capabilities in air operations, search and rescue and demining operations. This training is particularly important to the demining efforts along Peru’s border with Ecuador in support of the peace settlement. Finally, significant training efforts in the area of counter-drug operations are underway. These activities include training to improve helicopter and other aircraft capabilities, as well as participation in training exercises with U.S. forces to improve interoperability.
  
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  St. Kitts and Nevis: in 1999 a total of 11 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 10 students. IMET courses in maritime operations, officer development, logistics, and equipment maintenance assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force which will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Participation in training exercises with U.S. forces augments counter-drug capabilities and enhances interoperability in maritime operations.
  
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  St. Lucia: in 1999 a total of 33 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 6 students. Training in officer development, maritime safety and equipment maintenance assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force which will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Joint training exercises with U.S. forces improve counter-drug capabilities and experience in marine operations.
  
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  St. Vincent and the Grenadines: in 1999 a total of 35 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 10 students. Training in officer development, maritime operations and equipment maintenance assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force which will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Joint training exercises with U.S. forces improve counter-drug capabilities and experience in marine operations.
  
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  Suriname: in 1999 a total of 89 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 86 students. Participation at the CHDS and IMET programs in civil-military relations and human rights, encourage respect for human rights and civilian control of the military. IMET also funds maritime operations and boarding officer training to combat the flow of drugs through Suriname and to enhance military professionalism.
  
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  Trinidad and Tobago: in 1999 a total of 257 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 74 students. U.S. training in civil-military affairs helps to instill civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Officer training assists in professionalizing the military, while training in logistics, maintenance, and equipment repairs help maintain the technical proficiencies of the armed forces of Trinidad and Tobago. Training in ship handling and maritime control operations help increase Trinidad and Tobago’s counter-narcotics efforts. Trinidad and Tobago has continued to improve its counter-narcotics capabilities by creating an inter-agency center that gathers narcotics-related information from multiple sources for dissemination to military and enforcement agencies. U.S. government training and support have enabled Trinidad and Tobago to improve its ability to interdict illegal drug shipments, strengthen anti-drug trafficking laws, and participate in bilateral maritime exercises.
  
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  Uruguay: in 1999 a total of 620 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 70 students. Participation at the CHDS and IMET programs in civil-military affairs, democratic sustainment and the rule of law and discipline in military operations, help instill civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Training of NCOs, field-grade and flag officers assists in professionalizing Uruguay’s military, while training in logistics, maintenance, and aircraft and helicopter repairs helps to maintain the technical proficiencies of the Uruguayan armed forces. Training in peacekeeping, and participation in joint training exercises in counter-drug operations, enhance interoperability with U.S. forces.
  
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  Venezuela: in 1999 a total of 926 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 687 students. Participation at the CHDS and programs funded by IMET in civil-military affairs training, help instill civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Training of NCOs, field-grade and flag officers assists in professionalizing the Venezuelan military, while schooling in logistics, equipment maintenance and repairs helps maintain the technical proficiencies of Venezuela’s armed forces. Extensive training in counter-drug operations is conducted with the Venezuelan military, including Joint training exercises with U.S. forces and training in maritime interdiction operations.
  

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  As part of the U.S. Delegation’s participation at the Inter-American Defense Board and its routine activities in Washington, the U.S. hosted trips for the Chiefs of Delegations of the Board and for the students of the Inter-American Defense College to military installations throughout the United States.
  

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  During September 1999, the US Air force participated in a SICOFAA committee meeting hosted by Ecuador to discuss accident prevention procedures. In addition to presentations on U.S. Air Force Crew Resource Management programs, the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board also presented a briefing on the methodology of accident investigations when there is suspicion that the explosion of the accident was caused by an explosive device.
  
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  In November 1999, the US Air Force participated in an aeronautical medicine committee meeting hosted by Uruguay within the framework of SICOFAA. The U.S. Air Force also presented a briefing on the Expeditionary Medical Support System.
  

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  Attached the Annual Report for the fiscal year 1998 of the Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance. This report presents various activities of cooperation undertaken by the US to respond to natural disasters in Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Haiti, Mexico/Central America, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, and St. Kitts and Nevis. (For detailed information see Annex D of original report).
  

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  The U.S. conducted humanitarian demining training in Central and South America in support of the OAS and the Inter-American Defense Board in order to assist in the development of a multinational, self-sustaining humanitarian demining program.
  

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  The Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies (CHDS) develops and presents academic programs tailored for the requirements of Latin American Caribbean countries that stimulate both civilian and military thinking about defense policy and civil-military relations and provide an understanding of defense decision-making and resource management in a democratic society. (Details of country-by-country participation in CHDS programs during Fiscal Year 1999 can be found at Annex B of original report).
  

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  On February 29, 2000 the United States participated in the OAS meeting on the security of small island states. The U.S. reported on a number of positive regional and international developments affecting the economic, financial, and environmental conditions of small island states.
  

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  See Annex E of original report for details on education for peace activities conducted by the U.S. in the region.
  

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  U.S. fostered the adoption of the OAS General Assembly Resolution 1643 that called for a meeting of parliamentarians to discuss CSBMS. The OAS held this meeting on March 31, 2000.
  

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  The U.S. has continued to foster the training domestically and internationally on CSBMS, disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security.
  

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  The U.S. Army attended the 1999 Border Commander’s Conference (BCC) 6-19 of June in Chihuahua, Mexico. U.S. and Mexican Delegations exchanged briefings and conducted activities designed to enhance mutual understanding and cooperation.
  
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  As part of the Fifth Army Inter-American Relations Program held in April 1999, the U.S. hosted for a week Mexican generals and colonels for visits to several army installations in the United States. The program provided a venue to maintain contact among senior army leaders of the two countries. The Commanding General of Fifth Army, the designated United States Army Liaison to Mexico, is the host of this event.
  

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  See information reported above under measure 3-Ch. (Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines).
  

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  We are pleased the transportation ministers at the New Orleans Ministerial developed a cooperative program to address the transportation of nuclear waste. The U.S. has approached other nations engaging in the transportation of nuclear waste and encouraged them to fully comply with the new international standards of safety governing the transport of such goods.
  
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  We are also prepared to undertake the second part of the transportation action plan by undertaking a joint demarche (U.S. and Caribbean states) to nations engaging in the transportation of nuclear waste and encouraged them to fully comply with the new international standards of safety governing the transport of such goods.
  

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  On February 29, 2000 the United States participated in the OAS meeting on the security of small island states. The U.S. reported on a number of positive regional and international developments affecting the economic, financial, and environmental conditions of small island states.
  

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  The U.S. annually participates in the UN Register of Conventional Arms. In addition, the U.S. provides additional background information on military holdings and procurement through national production.
  

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  See information reported above under measure 4-Ch. (Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards limitation and control of conventional weapons).