-Ch. Promotion of the Development and Exchange of Information Concerning Defense Policies and Doctrines

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  Support, actively and continuously, peacekeeping activities between the Peru and Ecuador.
  
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  Peru continues holding bilateral intelligence conferences and promoting other conferences of a professional nature with Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
  
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  Peru exchanges military publications of interest to the armed forces of Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
  
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  Step up the exchange of information between the Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru and the Chiefs of Staff of the Armed Forces of Brazil.
  

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  Joint armed forces exercises with Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Brazil.
  
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  Exchange of military personnel for instructional and training activities and for other activities of a professional nature with Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
  
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  Mutual invitations to participate in the celebrations marking historic anniversaries, and in national and border events of a protocolary, social, cultural, welfare, artistic, and sports nature with Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
  
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  Welfare activities for military personnel between Peru and: Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
  
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  Technical and logistical cooperation with Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
  

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  Peru maintains coordinated search and rescue activities in land and sea border areas with Ecuador.
  

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  Observance by the armed forces of Peru and Ecuador of the ruling in the humanitarian area involving the border areas.
  
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  Peru continues the application of the security manual with Ecuador.
  
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  Meetings of a protocolary or professional intelligence nature between commanders of garrisons and of naval border areas with Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Brazil.
  

August 9, 2001

Trinidad and Tobago has presented the following report to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.

April 13, 2000

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  Exercise VENTRI, a maritime exercise between naval forces of Venezuela and the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard is held annually, and neighbouring states in the Caribbean and Latin America are duly informed.
  
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  Exercise Tradewinds, the largest military exercise held in the Caribbean involving CARICOM troops. Also participating in the exercise are units from the United States and the United Kingdom. Conducted in different Caribbean countries each year, Exercise Tradewinds comprises four phases. These include maritime and amphibious operations, disaster preparedness and relief operations, collective command and staff training, and a field training exercise (FTX). On several occasions the maritime and amphibious phase was held in Trinidad and Tobago territorial waters. The FTX phase took place in Trinidad in 1996. Caribbean and Latin American neighbours are always informed and in some instances invited to observe the training.
  

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  Information is shared at various fora at the United Nations.
  
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  Hemispheric bodies such as the Organization of American States with its several sub-committees, including the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD), the vice-chairmanship of which is carried by Trinidad and Tobago. The twenty-fifth regular session of CICAD is scheduled for October 2000 in Port of Spain, Trinidad.
  
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  Active participation in all Defence Ministerials of the Americas: Williamsburg 1995, Bariloche 1996, and Cartagena 1998. At Cartagena, Trinidad and Tobago offered a presentation on the Security Concerns of Small States.
  
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  Active participation in the annual Caribbean Island Nations Security Conference (CINSEC), later renamed the Caribbean Nations Security Conference (CANSEC). This conference is co-sponsored by United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) and is held in a different Caribbean country each year. Delegations include Caribbean chiefs of staff and CINCUSSOUTHCOM, while several military personnel from Europe and Latin America attend as observers. CINSEC 1997 was held in Trinidad and Tobago.
  
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  Active participation in a Seminar to Advance Further the Defence Policies and Doctrine of CARICOM States, co-hosted by the University of the West Indies in November/December 1999.
  
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  Active participation in the USSOUTHCOM sponsored United Counterdrug programme which encourages bilateral sharing of information at frequent conferences and thereafter.
  
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  Frequent dialogue with military leaders in the region on several matters affecting hemispheric security.
  
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  Active participation in Summits of the Americas and the CARICOM Heads of Government Summits.
  
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  Active participation in the establishment, development and implementation of the Caribbean Information Sharing Network (CISN), a USSOUTHCOM sponsored multilateral inter-agency network for secure information sharing among military forces in the Caribbean. The network uses the Internet as its backbone in a system built in a domain of mutual trust.
  
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  Sharing of information with the United States coordinated Joint Interagency Task Force – East (JIATF-EAST).
  

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  Trinidad and Tobago is a signatory to the Inter-American Convention Against the Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials, as well as the Ottawa Antipersonnel Land-Mine Convention.
  
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  Trinidad and Tobago supports the proposal to have the Caribbean declared a zone of peace, elements of which denounce the proliferation of conventional weapons in the sub-region.
  
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  Trinidad and Tobago is neither producer nor exporter of firearms, and stringent laws and regulations are observed with respect to imports or transit.
  

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  Deployment of personnel from the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force to Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, and St. Kitts and Nevis to assist units with training of Land Forces and Coast Guard personnel in various areas including technical and logistic operations.
  
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  Participation of troops from the Caribbean, United States and United Kingdom in Exercise Tradewinds and accommodation of senior military observers from hemispheric countries as well as from other regions.
  
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  Attendance of personnel of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force at courses at various levels in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Jamaica, and Brazil, contributing to transparency, cooperation, sharing of information and knowledge on doctrine and methodologies, and developing professional linkages.
  
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  Active participation annually in seminars at the Centre for Hemispheric Defence Studies, National Defence University, established by the United States in response to the mandate of the Defence Ministerial of the Americas. These seminars allow legislators and senior civilian officials employed with the military to be exposed to regular and advanced training in civil-military relations.
  
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  Trinidad and Tobago entertains several visits annually of naval vessels from various countries. Similarly, senior military officials from the hemisphere including CINCUSSOUTHCOM, on routine visits are invited to view military installations and training.
  
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  Military personnel from CARICOM countries frequently attend training courses in Trinidad and Tobago, primarily at the junior officer and non-commissioned officer (NCO) levels. In some instances trainees are posted to sub-units where they are exposed to routine on-the-job training.
  
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  Trinidad and Tobago is an active participant with the Caribbean Support Tender (CST), a programme involving personnel from the United States Coast Guard and counterparts from Coast Guard units in the Caribbean, who together form the international crew of the United States Coast Guard Cutter, “Gentian.” The purpose of the programme is to foster mutual understanding between the parties, as well as exchange professional knowledge and support of an operational nature. The CST conducted maritime law enforcement training, outboard motor maintenance and repair, logistical support, technical exchanges and social engagement since its inaugural deployment in American and Caribbean waters in June 1999. The crew includes four members (one officer and three NCOs) of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force (Coast Guard).
  

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  Sharing of information at bilateral and multilateral gatherings with law enforcement, maritime and customs officials.
  
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  Trinidad and Tobago is numbered among CARICOM colleagues in the perpetual attempt to discourage the dumping of hazardous waste in Caribbean waters.
  
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  The Shiprider agreement between Trinidad and Tobago and the United States, which contributes to the enhancement of maritime security.
  

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  Trinidad and Tobago has responded to natural disasters in the Caribbean and Latin America with personnel, material, clothing, and financial donations over the past decade and continues to do so.
  
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  Active participation of Trinidad and Tobago, through its National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and its Defence Force in the administration and operation of the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA) and the Caribbean Disaster Relief Unit (CDRU).
  

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  While Trinidad and Tobago is a twin-island state with no border complexities, because of the proximity of territorial waters with Venezuela, fishing agreements, augmented by frequent dialogue, foster cooperation between civilian and maritime agencies of both states. The annual Exercise VENTRI is also complementary.
  
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  Communication between law enforcement agencies from Trinidad and Tobago and neighbouring states on criminal elements have led to the occasional arrest and extradition of criminals.
  

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  Annual participation of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force in the Caribbean Nations Security Conference.
  
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  Active participation in seminars hosted by the Centre from Hemispheric Defence Studies.
  
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  Active participation in meetings hosted by the Committee on Hemispheric Security to discuss the security concerns of small island states.
  
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  Active participation in the Seminar to Advance Further the Defence Policies and Doctrine of CARICOM States.
  

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  D

  elegations from Trinidad and Tobago attended meetings and made presentations highlighting the multifaceted security concerns of small states and supported proposals to have these concerns addressed.

  
  

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  Participation in discussions towards the establishment of the program of education for peace.
  
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  Personnel from the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force attend Canadian sponsored peacekeeping seminars and courses at the Lester Pearson International Peacekeeping Centre on a regular basis. Programmes attended addressed the maritime dimension of peacekeeping, the personnel dimension of peacekeeping, the legal aspects of peacekeeping and human rights considerations.
  

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  Attendance of legislators and parliamentarians at various conferences to deal with issues affecting hemispheric security, forging cooperation at the highest levels. In April 2000, the International Ministerial Conference on Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement, which will attract ministers of justice and attorneys general from several countries, including the United States, will be held in Trinidad and Tobago.