Natural resource inventory town of hammonton, atlantic county
Download 1.1 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- TABLE 20 REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS
- 7.04 Fish
- TABLE 21 CHARACTERISTIC FISH SPECIES
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- APPENDIX A Town of Hammonton Municipal-Level Graphics General Environmental Characteristics
TABLE 19 (Continued) SELECTED REPTILE & AMPHIBIAN SPECIES
* Status Codes assigned by New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife: E – Endangered T – Threatened D – Declining U – Undetermined SOURCE: N.J. Pinelands Comprehensive Management Plan. Habitats with water associations (pitch pine lowlands, marshes, ponds, lakes, bogs, cedar and hardwood swamps) comprise the habitat of twenty-five (25) of the thirty (30) key species studied. This is not surprising for amphibians such as salamanders, toads, and frogs, but many reptile species of snakes, turtles and lizards are dependent on water areas for a part of their life cycle as well. Table 20 lists the habitat requirements of the thirty (30) key reptile and amphibian species selected for study. TABLE 20 REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS
SOURCE: N.J. Pinelands Comprehensive Management Plan. Reptiles and amphibians, like other animals, are threatened by increasing development pressure and the destruction of natural habitat. A number of species, however, adapt well to disturbed or developed sites. Borrow pits and ditches often contain water and thus provide suitable habitat for a number of species. Old fields and abandoned railroads which support rodent populations also attract several reptile species which feed on the rodents. This is not to infer that disturbed or developed sites are preferable to natural habitat, but that certain species are adapting to the changing environment. Species composition will change as habitats are altered, but at least they will not disappear totally as some of the larger mammals do when their habitat is reduced. 7.04 Fish Fish are generally adaptable animals and virtually all aquatic habitats contain some species. Pine Barrens waters are a unique habitat which contains relatively few native species and several additional introduced species. The characteristics of aquatic habitats in the region have the greatest impact on species composition. Waters are generally low in nutrients, hardness, suspended particulates, and dissolved solids. Acidity and dissolved iron are quite high, however, pH values range from 4.0 to 7.0, but are generally on the lower end of the range. Acidity is the primary factor which appears to limit the species present, either by limiting development of larva or egg production, or by the limited aquatic food sources available. By comparison with most waterways in the heavily developed and industrialized Northeast, waters in Hammonton are relatively free of pollution. Significant influences by human activity are generally limited to damming activities which have created lakes such as the Hammonton Lake, or ponds in association with cranberry bogs or other agricultural irrigation projects. TABLE 21 CHARACTERISTIC FISH SPECIES
SOURCE: N.J. Pinelands Comprehensive Management Plan. None of the characteristic fish species listed is considered to be threatened or endangered according to State or Federal government agencies, but data is lacking regarding fish population trends in the area. Changes in water quality will almost certainly affect species composition, but several of the water bodies and waterways in Hammonton have already been substantially altered, and the fish species which presently inhabit the area are a reflection of these changes. Several fish species with widespread distribution are not native to the area, but are now present as a result of waterway modification such as impoundments and various stocking programs. These include the golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus), northern pike (Esox lucius), goldfish (Carassius auratus), carp (Cyprinus caprio), redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), and the trouts; rainbow (Salmo gairdneri), brown (Salmo trutta), and brook (Salvelinus fontinalis). BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Ashmun, C.M. and Peter U. Larson. Municipal Land Use Decisions – the Tools – the Methods. Far Hills, N.J.: Bedminster Township Environmental Commission and Upper Raritan Watershed Association, 1974, Available from: Upper Raritan Watershed Association, Box 368, Far Hill, N.J. 07931, $4.25. 2. Baldwin, H.C. and C.L. McGuiness. A Primer on Ground Water. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1963, 26 pp. 3. Bartelli, L.J., Klingebiel, A.A., Baird, J.V., and Heddleson, M.R. (eds.). Soil Surveys and Land Use Planning. Madison, WI.: Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Road, Madison, WI 53711, $4.00. 4. Burchell, Robert W. and David Listokin. The Environmental Impact Handbook. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University, Center for Urban Policy Research, 1975, 231 pp., $9.00. 5. Butler, Stanley S. Engineering Hydrology. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1957, 356 pp. 6. Chavoosian, B. Budd, Norman, Thomas P. and Nieswand, George H. "Transfer of Development Rights: A New Concept in Land Use Management." New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University, Leaflet No. 492-A, 1974, 14 pp. 7. Environmental Control, Inc. Total Urban Water Pollution Loads: The Impact of Stormwater. Prepared for the Council of Environmental Quality, 1972. 8. Feth, J.H. "Water Facts and Figures for Planners and Managers," U.S. Geological Survey Circular 601-I. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1973, 30 pp. 9. Forman, R.T. (ed.). Pine Barrens, Ecosystem and Landscape, Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 601 pp. 10. Hopatcong, Borough, N.J. Natural Resource Inventory and Assessment. 1974. 11. Langbein, Walter B., and Iseri, K.T. "General Introduction and Hydrologic Definition," U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1541-A. 1960, 29 pp. 12. Maestro, R.M. "Criteria for Residential Wildlife Planning: New Community and the Woodlands." Montgomery, Texas: Wallace, McHarg, Richards, and Todd, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, 1973. 13. McHarg, Ian. Design with Nature. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Co., Inc., Natural History Press, 1973. 14. Miller, D.W., F.A. DeLuca, and T.L. Tessier. Ground Water Contamination in the Northeast States. EPA Report 660/2-74-056, 1974, 325 pp., $3.30. 15. New Jersey Department of Agriculture, State Soil Conservation Committee. Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey. Trenton, N.J.: Department of Agriculture, 1972. 16. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Handbook for Environmental Commissioners. Trenton, N.J.: Department of Environmental Protection, $2.00. 17. Reilly, Sean. Natural Resource Inventory. Lebanon, N.J.: South Branch Watershed Association, 1957, 353 pp. Available from: South Branch Watershed Association, RD #1, Route 31, Lebanon, N.J. 08833, $8.00. 18. Robichard, Beryl and Buell, Murray F. The Vegetation of New Jersey. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1973, 340 pp., $12.50. 19. Shelton, Theodore B. Interpreting Water Quality Analysis. Prepared for the Cooperation Extension Services of the Northeastern States, 1976, 24 pp. Available from: Cooperative Extension Service, Cook College, Rutgers University, P.O. Box 231, New Brunswick, N.J. 08903. 20. Soil Survey of Atlantic County, N.J., U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service, Cape-Atlantic District, Mays Landing, N.J., 1978. 21. Subitzky, Seymour (ed.). Geology of Selected Areas in New Jersey and Eastern Pennsylvania. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1969, 382 pp., $15.00. 22. Teague, Richard D. (ed.). A Manual of Wildlife Conservation. Washington, D.C.: The Wildlife Society, 1971, 206 pp. 23. Tedrow, J.C.F. New Jersey Soils. New Brunswick, N.J.: New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Circular 601, 1962, 20 pp. 24. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. A Citizens Guide to Clean Water. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Public Affairs, A-107. 25. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Manual of Individual Water Supply Systems. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Protection Agency, 1973, 155 pp. 26. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for Areawide Waste Treatment Management Planning. (Section 208 of PL 92-500). Washington, D.C.: Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Public Affairs, A-107, 1975. 27. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Nonpoint-Source Pollution in Surface Waters. Las Vegas: Environmental Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Center, No. 680/4-75-004, 1975, 33 pp. 28. U.S. Soil Conservation Service. Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds. SCS Technical Release No. 55, 1975, $4.75. 29. Widmer, Kemble. The Geology and Geography of New Jersey. New York: D. Van Nostrand Co., 1964, 189 pp. APPENDIX A Town of Hammonton Municipal-Level Graphics General Environmental Characteristics Download 1.1 Mb. Share with your friends:
|