Nsf international Global Food Division



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4. Food Fraud Databases

National Center for Food Protection & Defense


http://www.foodquality.com/details/article/4885781/The_Implications_of_Food_Fraud.html?goback=.gde_4151388_member_249619130&tzcheck=1&tzcheck=1


The National Center for Food Protection and Defense (NCFPD) has conducted an extensive literature and media search for documented incidents of food fraud since 1980. This search has resulted in over 200 isolated incidents of food fraud in many categories of products, including seafood, oils, wine, dairy products, and fruit juices .

This article gives a review & NCFPD Contact Details.




US Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) Food Fraud Database


The database provides information that can be useful in evaluating current and emerging risks for food fraud. In addition to providing a baseline understanding of the vulnerability of individual ingredients, the database offers information about potential adulterants that could reappear in the supply chain for particular ingredients.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120405144244.htm


Jeffrey C. Moore, John Spink, Markus Lipp. Development and Application of a Database of Food Ingredient Fraud and Economically Motivated Adulteration from 1980 to 2010. Journal of Food Science, 2012; DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02657.x
Publication: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02657.x/full

Food Fraud Database J Food Sci 77 (4) 2012


Abstract: Food ingredient fraud and economically motivated adulteration are emerging risks, but a comprehensive compilation of information about known problematic ingredients and detection methods does not currently exist. The objectives of this research were to collect such information from publicly available articles in scholarly journals and general media, organize into a database, and review and analyze the data to identify trends. The results summarized are a database that will be published in the US Pharmacopeial Convention's Food Chemicals Codex, 8th edition, and includes 1305 records, including 1000 records with analytical methods collected from 677 references. Olive oil, milk, honey, and saffron were the most common targets for adulteration reported in scholarly journals, and potentially harmful issues identified include spices diluted with lead chromate and lead tetraoxide, substitution of Chinese star anise with toxic Japanese star anise, and melamine adulteration of high protein content foods. High-performance liquid chromatography and infrared spectroscopy were the most common analytical detection procedures, and chemometrics data analysis was used in a large number of reports. Future expansion of this database will include additional publically available articles published before 1980 and in other languages, as well as data outside the public domain. The authors recommend in-depth analyses of individual incidents.

Practical Application: This report describes the development and application of a database of food ingredient fraud issues from publicly available references. The database provides baseline information and data useful to governments, agencies, and individual companies assessing the risks of specific products produced in specific regions as well as products distributed and sold in other regions. In addition, the report describes current analytical technologies for detecting food fraud and identifies trends and developments.

The database provides information that can be useful in evaluating current and emerging risks for food fraud. In addition to providing a baseline understanding of the vulnerability of individual ingredients, the database offers information about potential adulterants that could reappear in the supply chain for particular ingredients

Database: http://www.foodfraud.org/
Article : http://www.foodqualitynews.com/Public-Concerns/Research-database-reveals-ingredients-most-prone-to-food-fraud/?utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter%2BDaily&c=lOCN1Fg0FrEVcJJgS6rskA%3D%3D
Presentation:

http://www.slideshare.net/Adrienna/the-emerging-risk-of-food-fraud-2012



LFR/ FERA Horizon Scan

Merger between the Leatherhead Science and News data base with two FERA databases. Designed to give an enhanced Horizon Scanning capability with links to contaminants, legislation, news and science across a very broad range of product categories. The final software developments should be complete within the next few days and the product has to be ready to launch on 11th September. It will have the capacity to alert subscribers to ‘noise’ around any categories on emerging issues.

http://services.leatherheadfood.com/foodline/displaynews.aspx?acc=615857
http://www.foodmanufacture.co.uk/Sectors/Meat-poultry/Market-intelligence-needed-to-avoid-next-food-scandal


Chinese 'Throw out the window' Food Safety Site


http://www.foodqualitynews.com/Public-Concerns/China-officials-back-throw-out-the-window-food-safety-site/?utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter%2BDaily&c=lOCN1Fg0FrFVfs9OVYsRwA%3D%3D


zzcw (In Chinese!) http://www.zccw.info/


5. Incident Reviews


Publically available information is limited.


Melamine(Milk)

http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/int-trde/imports/ovsnotes/08/pdf/0877b.pdf

http://www.food.gov.uk/foodindustry/farmingfood/animalfeed/melamine/

http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/melamine/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_melamine_scandal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Chinese_milk_scandal

http://www.foodproductiondaily.com/Quality-Safety/Colour-changing-nanoparticles-to-flag-up-melamine-tainted-milk?nocount
Sudan 1(Spices)

http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/sudani/

http://www.food.gov.uk/foodindustry/imports/banned_restricted/spices

http://food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/sudanreview.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan_I
Methyl yellow (Spices)

http://www.foodqualitynews.com/Publications/Food-Beverage-Nutrition/FoodNavigator.com/Financial-Industry/Illegal-yellow-prompts-spate-of-spice-recalls/?c=lOCN1Fg0FrGY94nzBuP%2BNg%3D%3D&utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter%2BDaily

Chinese Flour

http://www.foodnavigator.com/Publications/Food-Beverage-Nutrition/FoodProductionDaily.com/Quality-Safety/Chinese-flour-adulterated-with-pulverised-lime-reports/?c=lOCN1Fg0FrFBQM7sB1AZ4g%3D%3D&utm_source=newsletter_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter%2BDaily



6. High Risk Categories

National Center for Food Protection & Defense


http://www.foodquality.com/details/article/4885781/The_Implications_of_Food_Fraud.html?goback=.gde_4151388_member_249619130&tzcheck=1&tzcheck=1





Food Fraud Database- Top 10


According to the food fraud database the following are the top 10 categories at risk from food fraud:




  1. Olive Oil – non-olive oils such as corn oil, hazelnut oil and palm oil.

  2. Milk – whey, bovine milk protein, melamine, and cane sugar.

  3. Honey – high fructose corn syrup, glucose, and fructose.

  4. Saffron – sandlewood dust, starch, yellow dye, and gelatin threads.

  5. Orange Juice – grapefruit juice, marigold flower extract, corn sugar and paprika extract.

  6. Coffee – chicory, roasted corn, caramel, malt, glucose, leguminous plants and maltodextrins.

  7. Apple Juice (Tie) – high-fructose corn syrup, raisin sweetener and synthetic malic acid.

  8. Grape Wine (Tie) – apple juice and a toxic sweet chemical called diethyleneglycol.

  9. Maple Syrup (Tie) – corn syrup, beet sugar, and cane sugar.

  10. Vanilla Extract – synthetically-produced vanillin and maltol.

http://blog.cncahealth.com/post/2012/04/26/Food-Fraud-The-10-Most-Adulterated-Foods.aspx

http://www.mnn.com/food/healthy-eating/stories/food-fraud-10-counterfeit-products-we-commonly-consume



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