Environment Exts - Next Gen Solves - Flight patterns

Environment Exts - Next Gen Solves - Flight patterns

Next Gen solves emissions by decreasing length of flight plans, increasing navigational capability, decreasing weather delays, and the use of lower power levels

NextGen has the potential to reduce fuel consumption and emissions through technologies and operational procedures: -- NextGen makes use of air traffic technologies to reduce emissions. For example, the Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) satellite navigation system is designed to enable more precise control of aircraft during flight, approach, and descent, allowing for more direct routing and thus reducing fuel consumption and emissions. Also, Area Navigation (RNAV) will compute an aircraft's position and ground speed and provide meaningful information on the flight route to pilots, enabling them to save fuel through improved navigational capability. NextGen Network-Enabled Weather will provide real-time weather data across the national airspace system, helping reduce weather- related delays and allowing aircraft to best use weather conditions to improve efficiency. -- NextGen also relies on operational changes that have demonstrated the potential to reduce fuel consumption and emissions rates. Continuous Descent Arrivals (CDA) allow aircraft to remain at cruise altitudes longer as they approach destination airports, use lower power levels, and therefore produce lower emissions during landings. CDAs are already in place in a number of U.S. airports and according to FAA, the use of CDAs at Atlanta Hartsfield International Airport reduces carbon dioxide emissions by an average of about 1,300 pounds per flight. Required Navigation Performance (RNP) also permits an aircraft to descend on a more precise route, reducing its consumption of fuel and lowering its carbon dioxide emissions. According to FAA, over 500 RNAV and RNP procedures and routes have been implemented. Funding and other challenges, however, affect FAA's implementation of these various NextGen procedures and technologies.40

Environment Exts - Next Gen solves - Technological Advancements

Not only does Next Gen decrease emissions by changing flight patterns and delays, but it also jumpstarts technological innovation to make planes more efficient

Fleming 8 (Aviation and Climate Change: Aircraft Emissions Expected to Grow, but Technological and Operational Improvements and Government Policies Can Help Control Emissions June 8, 2009 Statement of Susan Fleming, Director, Physical Infrastructure Issues. June 8, 2009 This is a GAO report. LexisNexis.)

Air Traffic Management Improvements through NextGen Will Incorporate Technological and Operational Improvements to Help Reduce Aircraft Emissions According to Experts

According to FAA, some of the air traffic management improvements that are part of NextGen--the planned air traffic management system designed to address the impacts of future traffic growth-- can help reduce aircraft fuel consumption and emissions in the United States. Besides improving air traffic management, NextGen has environmental goals, which include accelerating the development of technologies that will lower emissions and noise. According to FAA, it is conducting a review to develop a set of NextGen goals, targets and metrics for climate change, as well as for noise and local air quality emissions. NextGen has the potential to reduce aircraft fuel burn by 2025, according to FAA, in part through technologies and procedures that reduce congestion and create more direct routing. Some procedures and technologies of NextGen have already been implemented and have already led to emissions reductions. Similarly, in Europe through the Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research Program (SESAR), air traffic management technologies and procedures will be upgraded and individual national airspace systems will be merged into one, helping to reduce emissions per flight by 10 percent according to EUROCONTROL, the European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation. However, some experts we met with said that because some of SESAR's technologies and procedures have already been implemented, future fuel savings might be lower. Table 5 provides information on selected components of NextGen that hold potential for reducing aircraft emissions.

Environment Exts - Warming exists

Warming is real and anthropogenic - scientific consensus

Science Daily 9 [“Scientists agree human-induced global warming is real, survey says”, , January 10, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090119210532.htm] ttate

A group of 3,146 earth scientists surveyed around the world overwhelmingly agree that in the past 200-plus years, mean global temperatures have been rising, and that human activity is a significant contributing factor in changing mean global temperatures. Peter Doran, University of Illinois at Chicago associate professor of earth and environmental sciences, along with former graduate student Maggie Kendall Zimmerman, conducted the survey late last year. The findings appear January 19 in the publication Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union. In trying to overcome criticism of earlier attempts to gauge the view of earth scientists on global warming and the human impact factor, Doran and Kendall Zimmerman sought the opinion of the most complete list of earth scientists they could find, contacting more than 10,200 experts around the world listed in the 2007 edition of the American Geological Institute's Directory of Geoscience Departments.

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