Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 259.pdf

Abstract: Bibliographic data on biomedical literature of Nigeria drawn from articles listed in Medline covering the period 1967-2002, and numbering 6820 were analysed to study the pattern of productivity of various author categories using Lotka’s law. The total of 2184 authors who wrote the papers was divided into four different files, namely all authors, first authors, non-collaborative authors and co-authors. We hypothesized that the productivity patterns of each of the categories of authors differed from Lotka’s inverse power law. The results showed that only the co-author category differed from the inverse power version of the law, while the other categories did not, although they yielded various exponents.

Keywords: Analysis, Distributions, Literature, Lotka Law, Nigeria, NOV, Pattern, Productivity, Scientific Productivity

? Peng, D., Loh, M. and Mondry, A. (2006), Publication lag in biomedical journals varies due to the periodical’s publishing model. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 271-286.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 271.pdf

Abstract: Research manuscripts face various time lags from initial submission to final publication in a scientific periodical. Three publishing models compete for the market. Professional publishing houses publish in print and/or online in a ‘reader-pays’ model, or follow the open access model of ‘author-pays’, while a number of periodicals are bound to learned societies. The present study aims to compare the three business models of publishing, with regards to publication speed. 28 topically similar biomedical journals were compared. Open access journals have a publication lag comparable to journals published by traditional publishers. Manuscript submitted to and accepted in either of these two types of periodicals are available to the reader much faster than manuscripts published in journals with strong ties to specialized learned societies.

Keywords: Articles, Controlled-Trials, Impact, Model, Models, NOV, Time

? Ventura, O.N. and Mombru, A.W. (2006), Use of bibliometric information to assist research policy making. A comparison of publication and citation profiles of Full and Associate Professors at a School of Chemistry in Uruguay. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 287-313.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 287.pdf

Abstract: Publication and citation profiles of Full and Associate Professors at the School of Chemistry of the Universidad de la Republica in Uruguay were investigated. The groups do not exhibit markedly different age averages. However, the average time since they started publishing, as well as other characteristics of their publication records, like productivity or citations, set them apart. From the point of view of both the number of papers per author and per year of activity, on one side, and of the number of citations per year of activity, on the other, the group of Full Professors has statistically significant larger averages than the Associate Professors. The impact of self-citations, multi-authorship and internationalization of the publications were analyzed within the two groups and shown to have no excessive or predictable influence on those parameters, except in the case of few (<= 2) or many (> 8) authors. It is suggested in this paper that these two indicators, number of papers per author per production year and number of citations per production year, combined in a plot allowing a bidimensional ranking of the individuals in the groups, may be used profitably as one of the components in the development of a policy toward promotion of Associate Professors. The analysis showed also that the quotient of citations received to number of papers published, even when derived from actual citation data of the scientists without involving the impact factors of the journals in which they publish, are not good parameters to use for that purpose, essentially because there is a reduction in the information content of the indicator with respect to those described before.

Keywords: Activity, Age, Analysis, Author Self-Citations, Collaboration, Development, Economics, Impact, Indicator, Indicators, Journal Impact, Macro, NOV, Output, Point, Policy, Policy Making, Production, Productivity, Promotion, Ranking, Research, Science, Time, Uruguay

? Siddiqi, A.F. (2006), Age likes some years - A case study for ages more prone to death. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 315-321.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 315.pdf

Abstract: A person can die at any age. It is an omni-spoken common saying. Is it really true? Are all ages equally prone to die? Does there exist some predictable pattern that may conjecture the incidence of death? These are the questions that are attempted here in this article. Literature is replete with cohort dependant age distributions and pyramids that focus, and are adjusted, primarily for the living persons. The current article is using a cohort free group of people and focuses exclusively on age at death to rummage for some pattern in these ages. A statistical investigation is made of the life span of human beings of previous two centuries. The life span, or age, distribution is revealed to be a quadric modal in nature, refuting the prevailed myth that all ages are equally susceptible to death.

Keywords: Age, Cohort, Distribution, Distributions, Human, Incidence, Life-Span, NOV, Pattern

? Galvez, C. and Moya-Anegon, F. (2006), The unification of institutional addresses applying parametrized finite-state graphs (P-FSG). Scientometrics, 69 (2), 323-345.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 323.pdf

Abstract: We propose a semi-automatic method based on finite-state techniques for the unification of corporate source data, with potential applications for bibliometric purposes. Bibliographic and citation databases have a well-known problem of inconsistency in the data at micro-level and meso-level, affecting the quality of bibliometric searches and the evaluation of research performance. The unification method applies parametrized finite-state graphs (P-FSG) and involves three stages: (1) breaking of corporate source data in independent units of analysis, (2) creation of binary matrices, and (3) drawing finite-state graphs. This procedure was tested on university departmental addresses, downloaded from the ISI Web of Science. Evaluation was in terms of an adaptation of the measures of precision and recall. The results demonstrate the usefulness of this approach, though it requires some human processing.

Keywords: Adaptation, Analysis, Bibliometric Indicators, Citation Analysis, Creation, Databases, Delimitation, Evaluation, Human, Institutional, Issues, Method, NOV, Output, Performance, Physics, Quality, Research, Stages, Standardization, Strategies, Universities, University

? Kademani, B.S., Kumar, V., Sagar, A. and Kumar, A. (2006), World literature on thorium research: A scientometric study based on Science Citation Index. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 347-364.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 347.pdf

Abstract: This paper attempts to highlight quantitatively the growth and development of world literature on thorium in terms of publication output as per Science Citation Index (1982-2004). During 1982-2004 a total of 3987 papers were published by the scientists in the field ‘thorium’. The average number of publications published per year were 173. The highest number of papers 249 were published in 2001. The spurt in the literature output was reported during 1991-2004.There were 94 countries involved in the research in this field. USA is the top producing country with 1000 authorships (21.11%) followed by India with 498 authorships (10.51%). Authorship and collaboration trend was towards multi-authored papers. Intensive collaboration was found during 1990-2004.One paper ‘Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research - A 406 (3) (1998) 411-426’ had 64 collaborators. There were 586 international collaborative papers. Bilateral collaboration accounted for 80.55 percent of total collaborative papers. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (India) topped the list with 153 authorships followed by Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA) with 105 authorships.The most preferred journals by the scientists were: Journal of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry with 181 papers, Radiochimica Acta with 139 papers, Journal of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry -Articles with 127 papers, Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta with 96 papers, Health Physics with 91 papers, Applied Radiation and Isotopes with 88 papers, Journal of Alloys and Compounds with 65 papers, Earth and Planetary Science letters with 59 papers and Chemical Geology, Indian Journal of Chemistry -A, Radiation Protection Dosimetry with 55 papers each. English was the most predominant language used by the scientists for communication. The high frequency keywords were: Thorium (500), Uranium (284), Separation (94), Thorium Isotopes (90), Thorium(IV) (86), Seawater (73), Solvent Extraction (70), and Rare Earth Elements (68).

Keywords: Collaboration, Communication, Development, Field, Growth, India, Indicators, Industry, Interface, International, IV, Literature, NOV, Nuclear-Fuels, Research, Thorium, Trend, USA

? Campanario, J.M. and Gonzalez, L. (2006), Journal self-citations that contribute to the impact factor: Documents labeled ‘editorial material’ in journals covered by the Science Citation Index. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 365-386.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 365.pdf

Abstract: We investigated the distribution of citations included in documents labeled by the ISI as ‘editorial material’ and how they contribute to the impact factor of journals in which the citing items were published. We studied all documents classified by the ISI as ‘editorial material’ in the Science Citation Index between 1999 and 2004 (277,231 records corresponding to editorial material published in 6141 journals). The results show that most journals published only a few documents that included 1 or 2 citations that contributed to the impact factor, although a few journals published many such documents. The data suggest that manipulation of the impact factor by publishing large amounts of editorial material with many citations to the journal itself is not a widely used strategy to increase the impact factor.

Keywords: Distribution, Impact, Manipulation, NOV

? Baldini, N. (2006), The Act on inventions at public research institutions: Danish universities’ patenting activity. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 387-407.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 387.pdf

Abstract: This paper focuses on the Danish Act No. 347 of 1999, which granted IPRs on inventions at public research institutions to the institutions themselves. After summarizing the situation in Denmark prior to the new law, I describe the Act’s main features and then I turn my attention to the solutions adopted by Danish academia to face the opportunities and challenges posed by the new situation. Finally, using a unique dataset including all patents filed by Danish universities from 1982 to 2003, I describe university patenting activity.

Keywords: Academic Knowledge, Activity, Bayh-Dole Act, Denmark, Entrepreneurial, European University, Growth, Industry, Intellectual Property, Ivory Tower, NOV, of-Technology, Research, Technology-Transfer, University

? Schubert, A. and Glänzel, W. (2006), Cross-national preference in co-authorship, references and citations. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 409-428.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 409.pdf

Abstract: The macro-level country-by-country co-authorship, cross-reference and cross-citation analysis started in our previous paper, 1 continues with revealing the cross-national preference stucture of the 36 selected countries. Preference indicators of co-authorship, cross-reference and cross-citation are defined, presented and discussed. The study revealed that geopolitical location, cultural relations and language are determining factors in shaping preferences whether in co-authorship, cross-reference or cross-citation. Areas like Central Europe, Scandinavia, Latin America (supplemented with Spain and Portugal), the Far East or the Australia-New Zealand-South Africa triad form typical ‘clusters’ with mutually strong preferences towards each other. The USA appears to have a distinguished role enjoying universal preference, which - in the cross-reference and cross-citation case - is asymmetric for the greater part of the countries under study.

Keywords: Africa, Analysis, Cooperation, Countries, Europe, Indicators, International Collaboration, Latin America, Link Indicator, Matrices, NOV, Portugal, Profiles, Science, Spain, Typology, USA

? Roth, C. and Bourgine, P. (2006), Lattice-based dynamic and overlapping taxonomies: The case of epistemic communities. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 429-447.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 429.pdf

Abstract: We present a method for describing taxonomy evolution. We focus on the structure of epistemic communities (ECs), or groups of agents sharing common knowledge concerns. Introducing a formal framework based on Galois lattices, we categorize ECs in an automated and hierarchically structured way and propose criteria for selecting the most relevant epistemic communities - for instance, ECs gathering a certain proportion of agents and thus prototypical of major fields. This process produces a manageable, insightful taxonomy of the community. Then, the longitudinal study of these static pictures makes possible an historical description. In particular, we capture stylized facts such as field progress, decline, specialization, interaction (merging or splitting), and paradigm emergence. The detection of such patterns in epistemic networks could fruitfully be applied to other contexts.

Keywords: Authors, Communities, Community, Evolution, Galois Lattices, Knowledge, Longitudinal Study, Map, Method, Model, Networks, NOV, Process, Sciences, Taxonomy, Zebrafish

? Huang, C., Varum, C.A. and Gouveia, J.B. (2006), Scientific productivity paradox: The case of China’s S&T system. Scientometrics, 69 (2), 449-473.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 449.pdf

Abstract: In 1985 China began the reform of its Science & Technology (S&T) sector inherited from the planned economy. To disclose the impact of the drawn-out reform on the efficiency of the whole sector, we measure the scientific productivity of China’s S&T institutes. The analysis is based on R&D input and output data at the country aggregate and provincial level. We utilize Polynomial Distributed Lag model to uncover the structure of the lag between R&D input and output. The findings reveal that the growth rate of scientific productivity of China’s S&T institutes has been negative since the 1990s.

Keywords: Analysis, China, Computer-Science, Exploration, Growth, Growth Rate, Impact, India, Innovation, Model, NOV, Policy, Productivity, Reform, Research Performance, Scientometrics, Time-Series, Unit-Root

? Mattes, E., Stacey, M.C. and Marinova, D. (2006), Surveying inventors listed on patents to investigate determinants of innovation. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 475-498.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 475.pdf

Abstract: This paper reviews the methods and findings of studies surveying inventors on nationally representative sample of patents or patent applications. These studies show that the most common inventor is a middle-aged man with a postgraduate qualification, with women representing only 0.4% to 3.5% of inventors. They demonstrate that 43% to 68% of granted patents become innovations (52% on average). Despite Such findings this body of work has only been cited 61 times in scientific journals. Thus, Surveys of inventors provide good insights into the process of coin mercial ising patents and yet are an underutilised method especially within the literature on innovation.

Keywords: Applications, Individual Inventor, Industry, Methods, Paper, Reviews, Rights, United-States, Women

? Walters, G.D. (2006), Predicting subsequent citations to articles published in twelve crime-psychology journals: Author impact versus journal impact. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 499-510.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 499.pdf

Abstract: Four hundred and twenty-eight articles published in 12 crime-psychology journals during the 2003 calendar year were reviewed for subsequent citations in the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI). Fifteen potential predictors were reduced to nine after subjecting the 15 variables to a principal components analysis with varimax rotation. The nine predictors included author characteristics - gender, occupational affiliation (acadeinic-nonacademic), national affiliation (U.S.-other), citations per 2001-2002 first author publications - article characteristics collaboration (single author-multiple author), article length, reviews, subject matter (coffectioiis/criminology-legal/foreiisic) - and journal characteristics - journal impact. Negative binomial regression of the citations earned by these 428 journal articles in a 23 to 34 month follow-up (M = 28 months) revealed significant effects for citations per 2001-2002 first author publications, national affiliation, and review articles. These results suggest that author impact may be a more powerful predictor of citations received by a journal article than the periodical in which the article appears.

Keywords: Analysis, Effects, Eminence, Evaluating Research, Follow Up, Follow-Up, Gender, Impact, Matter, Occupational, Predictors, Principal Components, Principal Components Analysis, Review, Reviews, Rotation, Science, Scientific Productivity

? Yu, G., Guo, R. and Li, Y.J. (2006), The influence of publication delays on three ISI indicators. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 511-527.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 511.pdf

Abstract: Based on the transform function model of the observed citing process, the analytical expression of the age distribution of citations is deduced, and it is theoretically proved that the peak Value of the citation distribution curve Would fall and shift backward along with increasing the average publication delay and the peak age has a direct proportion relation with the pure delay and would be prolonged along with increasing the delay or decreasing the aging rate. The influence of the average publication delay on three ISI indicators impact factor, immediacy index and cited half-life are studied, in one subject discipline, the bigger the delay, the lower the three indicators of journals. Using the sensitivity theory, sensitivity formulae of the three indicators to publication delay parameters are deduced and it is found that responses of these indicators to changes of publication delays are different according to different time constant of the aging process: The faster the aging rate of a discipline literature is, the worse the influence of publication delays on the indicators of journals in the discipline.

Keywords: Age, Age Distribution, Aging, Citations, Cited Half-Life, DEC, Distribution, Fall, Function, Half-Life, Immediacy Index, Impact, Impact Factor, Index, Indicators, ISI, Model, Parameters, Process, Publication, Sensitivity, Theory

? Meneghini, R., Mugnaini, R. and Packer, A.L. (2006), International versus national oriented Brazilian scientific journals. A scientometric analysis based on SciELO and JCR-ISI databases. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 529-538.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 529.pdf

Abstract: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library on Line, www.scielo.bireme.br) is a program aimed at offering a core of Brazilian Scientific Journals in an open access mode at internet. This initiative has been followed by other Latin American, Caribbean and Iberian countries. Along with the development of the open accessed electronic library, a complementary scientometric/bibliometric database has been set up which permit to retrieve citation data of more than 40,000 articles. The robustness that this database has now achieved allows one to make important studies which were not possible before, using only the international Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) database.

Keywords: Access, Analysis, Caribbean, Citation, Core, Databases, Dec, Development, Institute for Scientific Information, Internet, ISI, Journals, Program, Robustness, Scientific Journals

? Chen, T.J., Chen, Y.C., Hwang, S.J. and Chou, L.F. (2006), The rise of China in gastroenterology? A bibliometric analysis of ISI and Medline databases. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 539-549.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 539.pdf

Abstract: China has made great progress in economy and science in the last two decades. Its scientific development in gastroenterology has been seldom reported. Using two authoritative bibliographic databases, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) and Medline, we analyze China’s research output in gastroenterology journals from 1990 to 2004. After detailed analysis, we found that China have greatly advanced in gastroenterology research, but the growth of Chinese articles in gastroenterology journals can largely be attributed to the selection of China-based journals into international bibliographic databases.

Keywords: Analysis, Bibliographic Databases, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Analysis, China, Chinese, Databases, DEC, Development, Economy, Growth, Hepatology, Impact, ISI, Japan, Journals, Made, Medline, Output, Research, Science, Science Citation Index, Scientific Publications, Selection, World

? Shin, J., Lee, W. and Park, Y. (2006), On the benchmarking method of patent-based knowledge flow structure: Comparison of Korea and Taiwan with USA. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 551-574.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 551.pdf

Abstract: This paper suggests an international benchmarking method of disembodied knowledge flow structure. Using patent citation as a proxy measure of disembodied knowledge flow, national knowledge network is developed. Structural equivalence measure is applied to comparing the knowledge network of Korea and Taiwan with that of USA. Static and dynamic compafison make it possible to benchmark disembodied knowledge flow structure efficiently and identify convergent and divergent industries between developing countries and USA. It is also a mesostudy that could be conducive to building a comprehensive analytical framework of national innovation system.

Keywords: Building, China, Determinants, Developing Countries, Flow, Innovation Systems, Knowledge, Paper, Proxy, Structure, Taiwan, USA

? Lundberg, J., Tomson, G., Lundkvist, I., Skar, J. and Brommels, M. (2006), Collaboration uncovered: Exploring the adequacy of measuring university-industry collaboration through co-authorship and funding. Scientometrics, 69 (3), 575-589.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics69, 575.pdf

Abstract: Analysing co-authored publications has become the standard way to measure research collaborations. At the same time bibliometric researchers have advised that co-authorship based indicators should be handled with care as a source of evidence on actual scientific collaboration. The aim of this study is to assess how well university-industry collaborations can be identified and described rising co-authorship data. This is done through a comparison of co-authorship data with industrial funding to a medical university. In total 436 companies were identified through the two methods. Our results show that one third of the companies that have provided funding to the university had not co-authored any publications with the university. Further, the funding indicator identified only 16% of the companies that had co-authored publications. Thus, both co-authorship and funding indicators provide incomplete results. We also observe a case of conflicting trends between funding and co-authorship indicators. We conclude that uncritical use of the two indicators may lead to misinterpretation of the development of collaborations and thus provide incorrect data for decision-making.

Keywords: Adequacy, Bibliometric, Co-Authorship, Collaboration, Comparison, DEC, Decision Making, Decision-Making, Development, Funding, Indicator, Indicators, Industrial, Innovations, Lead, Medical, Methods, Partnerships, Publications, Reflections, Research, Scientific Collaboration, Source, Standard, Trends

? Jayasinghe, U.W., Marsh, H.W. and Bond, N. (2006), A new reader trial approach to peer review in funding research grants: An Australian experiment. Scientometrics,