Personal Research Database

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 333.pdf

Abstract: Detecting homogeneous areas in research networks is a very common feature of bibliometric analysis, either for academic or policy purposes. The method presented here combines structural analysis and trend detection, by operating on a ‘thick-slice’ of time, starting from co-citation or co-word analysis (applications of either type have already been carried on). Significance of ‘trend’ of clusters is partially addressed, through an analysis of publication delays. Examples are given on a co-citation analysis in the field of astrophysics (1986-1989).

Keywords: Analysis, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Analysis, Co-Citation, Co-Citation Analysis, Cocitation, Feature, Policy, Publication, Research, Science, Word Analysis

Bookstein, A. (1994), Towards a multi-disciplinary Bradford law. Scientometrics, 30 (1), 353-361.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 353.pdf

Abstract: Bradford’s law, perhaps the most well known of the Informetric regularities, analyzes the scattering of articles in a single discipline over journals. Yet journals are multi-disciplinary entities. This paper discusses the implications for Bradford’s law of the multi-disciplinary character of journals, and defines a simple model that indicates the evolution of journals as a competition among subjects for space.

Keywords: Competition, Evolution, Informetric Distributions, Journals, Law, Model, Multidisciplinary, Scattering

? Kretschmer, H. (1994), Coauthorship networks of invisible-colleges and institutionalized communities. Scientometrics, 30 (1), 363-369.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 363.pdf

Abstract: In invisible colleges the relative frequency of coauthorships is higher between scientists with the same number of publications than between authors of different ones. The opposite is valid in institutionalized communities.

Keywords: Publications

? Braun, T. (1994), Foreword. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 373.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 373.pdf

? Glänzel, W. and Schoepflin, U. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 375-384.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 375.pdf

Abstract: Although the field of scientometries/bibliometries is rapidly growing, and the interest in scientometric indicators is constantly rising, the field is in a crisis: subfields are drifting apart, the field is lacking consensus in basic questions and of internal communication, the quality of scientometric research is questioned by other disciplines. Among the causes stated are: the loss of integrating personalities, shift from basic and methodological research to applied bibliometrics, domination of the interests of science policy and business in commissioning and funding research, vendor policies and failing quality-management on the side of database-producers, misuse of bibliometric research results and disregard for scientific standards. To overcome the situation, the authors plead for integrative and interdisciplinary research approaches, for reinforcing fundamental, methodological and experimental research programs in scientometrics, for independent funding of research, and for an enhancement of scientometric databases. The need for acknowledged technical and scientific standards in research and publication is stressed. Finally, the establishment of a Code of Ethics for the field of scientometrics is proposed.

Keywords: Bibliometric, Bibliometric Research, Bibliometrics, Business, Communication, Consensus, Experimental, Indicators, Integrative, Interdisciplinary, Policy, Publication, Quality, Quality Management, Research, Science, Science Policy, Scientometric, Scientometrics, Standards

? Rousseau, R. (1994), Similarities between informetrics and econometrics. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 385-387.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 385.pdf

? Egghe, L. (1994), Little science, big science ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 389-392.

Full Text: Scientometrics30, 389.pdf

? Mendez, A. (1994), Thinking about scientometrics. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 393-395.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 393.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Pouris, A. (1994), Is scientometrics in a crisis. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 397-399.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 397.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Dou, H. (1994), In which business are we. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 401-406.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 401.pdf

Abstract: I read the article of Glänzel and Schoepflin: Little Scientometrics, Big Scientometrics ... and Beyond. This paper presents scientometrics in a very pessimistic way, but, in my opinion it rises the following question: in which business are we? Are we in the analysis of the science production? Do we develop new tools to analyse the textual information? And, above all we use our results and for which purposes. It seems to me that if we answer those questions, a large step will be made in the understanding of the whereabout of our business.

Keywords: Analysis, Business, Information, Science, Scientometrics, Understanding

? Russell, J.M. (1994), Back to the future for informetrics. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 407-410.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 407.pdf

? Schubert, A. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics: and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 411-413.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 411.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Peritz, B.C. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 415-418.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 415.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Barre, R. (1994), Do not look for scapegoats: Link bibliometrics to social-sciences and address societal needs. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 419-424.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 419.pdf

Keywords: Bibliometrics

? Krauskopf, M. (1994), Epistemometria, a term contributing to express the meaning and potential methodologies of scientometrics in Spanish-speaking countries. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 425-428.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 425.pdf

Keywords: Indicators, Scientometrics

? Eto, H. (1994), Quality assessment of science information research and service. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 429-432.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 429.pdf

? Leydesdorff, L. and Wouters, P. (1994), Crisis or critique. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 433-437.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 433.pdf

Keywords: Indicators, Science

? Mcgrath, W.E. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 439-442.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 439.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Miquel, J.F. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 443-445.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 443.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

Meadows, A.J. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 447-449.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 447.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Bonitz, M. (1994), Promoting scientometrics by international schools. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 451-453.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 451.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Bookstein, A. (1994), Scientometrics: New opportunities. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 455-460.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 455.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Todorov, R. (1994), Facts or imposed names on facts. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 461-464.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 461.pdf

? Rao, I.K.R. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 465-469.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 465.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Turner, W.A. (1994), Whats in an R-Infometrics or informetrics. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 471-480.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 471.pdf

? Luukkonen, T. (1994), Are we longing for the golden era lost or for the one to come. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 481-485.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 481.pdf

? Griffith, B.C. (1994), Little scientometrics, little scientometrics, little scientometrics, little scientometrics ... and so on and so on. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 487-493.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 487.pdf

Keywords: Scientific Literatures, Scientometrics

? Vinkler, P. (1994), Words and indicators: As scientometrics stands. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 495-504

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 495.pdf

Keywords: Science, Scientometrics

? Burrell, Q.L. (1994), Scientostochastics. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 505-509.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 505.pdf

? Lazarev, V.S. (1994), Notion of a document: A center of gravity attraction for getting metricians together. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 511-516

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 511.pdf

? Lepair, C. (1994), Puberty or midlife crisis. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 517-520.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 517.pdf

? Vlachy, J. (1994), Scientometrics: What to do. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 521-527.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 521.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Vanraan, A.F.J. (1994), Little scientometrics, big scientometrics ... and beyond. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 529-531.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 529.pdf

Keywords: Scientometrics

? Kretschmer, H. (1994), Quantity and quality in science of science. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 533-537.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 533.pdf

? Leydesdorff, L. (1994), Scientometrics: French - Callon, M, Courtial, JP, Penan, H. Scientometrics, 30 (2-3), 539-541.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics30, 539.pdf

Keywords: Leximappe, Network, Scientometrics

? Braun, T., Glänzel, W., Maczelka, H. and Schubert, A. (1994), World science in the eighties: National performances in publication output and citation impact, 1985-1989 versus 1980-1984. 2. Life sciences, engineering, and mathematics. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 3-30.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 3.pdf

Keywords: Countries, Datafiles, Facts, Figures, Indicators, Newest Version, Physics

? Katz, J.S. (1994), Geographical proximity and scientific collaboration. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 31-43.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 31.pdf

Abstract: Geography, economic, socio-political and language are considered to be factors that effect the level of research collaboration. However, to-date no technique has been developed to isolate the effect of geographical proximity from the other factors. This paper presents a methodology for specifically examining geographical effects on intra-national scientific collaboration. An investigation of intra-national university-university collaboration in Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom using this technique demonstrates that research cooperation decreases exponentially with the distance separating the collaborative partners.

Keywords: Australia, Canada, Collaboration, Cooperation, Investigation, Methodology, Research, Research Collaboration, Scientific Collaboration, United Kingdom

? Milman, B.L. (1994), Individual cocitation clusters as nuclei of complete and dynamic informetric models of scientific and technological areas. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 45-57.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 45.pdf

Abstract: This paper describes the construction of improved informetric models of individual scientific and technological areas on the basis of individual co-citation clusters. The developed methodology of replenishment of research front with accidentally absent papers describes more completely the model. The simple method of cluster ‘dynamisation’ is proposed for the study of evolution of a research area. The transition under consideration from co-citation clusters to lexical maps of papers and patents allows to monitor the relationship between R and D in a given technological area. Pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) as modern chemical engineering, is given as an example.

Keywords: Adsorption, Co-Citation, Cocitation, Collagen Research, Combined Cocitation, Evolution, Methodology, Model, Models, Papers, Patents, Research, Research Front, Science, Tool, Word Analysis

Leydesdorff, L. (1994), The generation of aggregated journal-journal citation maps on the basis of the CD-ROM version of the Science Citation Index. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 59-84.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 59.pdf

Abstract: A method is described for the generation of journal-journal citation maps on the basis of the CD-ROM version of the Science Citation Index. Various sources of potential errors in using this data are discussed, and strategies are suggested to counteract these errors. A number of scientometric journal mappings are analyzed in relation to mappings from previous studies which have used tape data and/or data from ISI’s Journal Citation Reports. The quality of these mappings is compared with the quality of those for previous years in order to demonstrate usefulness of such mappings as indicators for dynamic developments in the sciences.

Keywords: Citation, Generation, Indicators, Journal, Journal Citation Reports, Potential, Quality, Science Citation Index, Sciences, Scientometric

? Saurer, W. and Weinberger, R. (1994), Planetary-nebulae: Some statistics on a continuously growing field and its contributors. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 85-95.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 85.pdf

Abstract: By use of the subject category ‘Planetary Nebulae’ (PNe) in the semiannual volumes of Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts for the years 1986 to 1990, we statistically investigated items like the number of individuals with at least one paper concerning PNe (e.g. 331 in 1990), how this number is distributed among the 31 countries involved in PNe research (with the former USSR counted as one country), how the USA, Europe, and the remaining countries share the total number over 5 years (333, 317, and 283, respectively), etc. Furthermore, we give the number of publications, per individual and per year, in each country (The Netherlands is leading). We learned, that on the average there are 2.47 authors per PNe paper, and that the PNe researchers are producing 1.74 papers per year - if they publish at least once per year on PNe. In addition, we do not hesitate to give a list of names (the Top Ten), as far as their total number of papers on PNe are concerned. Last not least - do you have a guess how many individuals published at least one paper on PNe within these five years? There are 933.

Keywords: Astronomers, Europe, Papers, Publications, Research, Trends, USA

? Nagpaul, P.S. and Sharma, L. (1994), Research output and transnational cooperation in physics subfields: A multidimensional-analysis. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 97-122.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 97.pdf

Abstract: This paper compares the profiles of research output and transnational cooperation (as revealed through multicountry publications) of thirty six countries in ten subfields of Physics during the period 1981-1985. The data for comparative analysis were taken from Braun et al.1 Since raw counts of publications are confounded by the size of the countries and the size of the research fields, this comparison is made, using relative indicators - activity index and collaboration index. The structures of research output and transnational cooperation are analyzed through Correspondence Analysis, which leads to the identification of countries with similar profiles (of research output and transnational cooperation) and the spatial representation of countries and Physics subfields. The configurations of research output and transnational cooperation are compared to assess the concordance between the policies of these countries for research and transnational cooperation in Physics.

Keywords: Analysis, Citation, Collaboration, Comparison, Cooperation, Identification, Indicators, Patterns, Publications, Representation, Research, Size

? Bonitz, M. (1994), Untitled. Scientometrics, 31 (1), 123.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 123.pdf

Lewison, G. (1994), Publications from the European Community’s Biotechnology Action Program (BAP): Multinationality, acknowledgment of support, and citations. Scientometrics, 31 (2), 125-142.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 125.pdf

Abstract: Results are presented of an analysis of 1333 papers in the SCI from 1986-1993 supported by the BAP, with their degree of tans- nationality, level of dependence on the programme and propensity to acknowledge this, and their record of citation by authors in different groups of countries. The papers are nearly three times as transnational in their addresses as other EC biotechnology papers, but nearly 25% of single country papers depend on foreign co-authors or acknowledge transnational support. BAP was acknowledged by 80% of the papers that received 20% or more support. Citations by authors from other EC Member States account for many of the extra citations received by BAP papers and show that the results of the programme have been effectively disseminated by the Commission within the EC.

Keywords: Analysis, Biotechnology, Citation, Citations, Co-Authors, EC, International Scientific Collaboration, Papers, Patterns, Record, SCI

Notes: MModel

Kyvik, S. (1994), Popular science publishing. Scientometrics, 31 (2), 143-153.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 143.pdf

Abstract: The article gives an overview of the extent of popular science publishing and contributions to public debate, as compared to scientific publishing among faculty members at Norwegian universities. Faculty publish far fewer articles for the lay public than publications for their specialist colleagues. There are, however, clear field differences in this respect. The most productive researchers in terms of scientific publishing are also the most prolific in non-scientific publishing.

Keywords: Faculty, Lotka Law, Publications, Publishing, Science, Universities

? Vanderkruit, P.C. (1994), A comparison of astronomy in 15 member countries of the organization for economic cooperation and development. Scientometrics, 31 (2), 155-172.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 155.pdf

Abstract: Various data are collected for 15 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) that have to do with the practising of astronomy: (1) using the report of the Astronomy expert meeting of the Megascience Forum of the OECD, the level of astronomy funding, size of the research communities, relative commitment to ground-based versus space-based astronomy, etc., (2) from other sources the size of the population, Gross National Product and size of the total research community, (3) from the paper of Schubert et al. (1989) data on publication and citation scores of these countries in astronomy and the total research effort (excluding social and economic sciences). Using these data the 15 countries have been ranked on: (1) the relative level of astronomy funding, (2) the relative level of performance in astronomy, (3) the correspondence between funding and performance in astronomy, (4) the relative level of performance of the total science effort, and (5) the performance in astronomy relative to that in all sciences. The results of this study have been summarized in table 10 below. Other interesting results that can be inferred from the data collected in this paper are: (1) one out of every 75,000 inhabitants of these OECD countries is an astronomical researcher, (2) each citizen of these countries spends on average 2.5 $ per year on astronomical research (either from the ground or in space), (3) the average budget per researcher amounts to roughly 200,000 $ per annum, (4) the average budget for astronomy amounts to 0.016% of the Gross National Product and of order 1% of the total budget for civilian R & D, (5) an astronomical researcher from these countries produces on average 1.7 papers each year and these papers receive on average ten citations in the first five years, (6) researchers in science (excluding economic and social sciences) make up 0.08% of the population in these countries and one in about 65 of these researchers works in astronomy or astrophysics, (7) most countries spend about one-third of their astronomy budget on salaries, one-sixth on basic support and half on observing facilities (in a ratio one to two for ground-based versus space).

Keywords: Budget, Citation, Citations, Commitment, Community, Facilities, First, Papers, Population, Publication, Research, Science, Sciences, Size, Social Sciences

? Courtial, J.P., Cahlik, T. and Callon, M. (1994), A model for social-interaction between cognition and action through a key-word simulation of knowledge growth. Scientometrics, 31 (2), 173-192.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 173.pdf

Abstract: The question of knowledge construction can be regarded as a question of cognition in relation to action. Callon and al. have suggested interactive processes mixing both cognitive and social aspects of knowledge or technology. Both actors and interactions can usually be described by texts, and namely, by words. Thus knowledge development can be described through key-words network development. The authors have made simulations for knowledge development according to a local positive feed-back rule within small sets of word associations. In comparison with real data, the simulation results are fairly good. This approach leads to a general and very simple interaction model describing knowledge development. In this model, as opposed to usual cybernetics, actors constantly change, building a common scenario in relation to a mutual definition rule.

Keywords: Cognition, Comparison, Development, Interaction, Knowledge, Model, Network, Simulation, Small, Technology

Notes: MModel

Wouters, P. and Leydesdorff, L. (1994), Has price dream come true: Is scientometrics a hard science? Scientometrics, 31 (2), 193-222.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 193.pdf

Abstract: At the occasion of the completion of the 25th volume of Scientometrices, we present a combined bibliometric and social network analysis of this journal. In more than one respect, Scientometrics displays the characteristics of a social science journal. Its Price Index amounts to 43.0 percent, and is remarkably stable over time. The majority of the published items in Scientometrics has been written by a single author. Moreover, the network of co-authorships is highly fragmented: most authors cooperate with no more than one or two colleagues. Both the citation networks of the authors and the network of title words indicate that the field is nonetheless highly cohesive. In this sense, a specific identity seems to have developed, indeed. Some indications concerning the character of this identity are discussed

Keywords: Analysis, Bibliometric, Citation, Citation Analysis, Indications, Journal, Network, Network Analysis, Patterns, Science, Scientometrics, Social Network Analysis

? Vinkler, P. (1994), Model of manifested communication through publications. Scientometrics, 31 (3), 223-239.

Full Text: 1994\Scientometrics31, 223.pdf

Abstract: Communication is essential in scientific research. Scientific papers represent the main information sources in natural sciences. A model of the Manifested Communication through Publications is introduced which makes it possible to calculate indicators characteristic of bilateral information processes. Bilateral Coupling is for example the total number of non-zero cross elements in the information matrix containing references to each other’s papers of the two teams.

Keywords: Citation, Indicators, Information, Journals, Model, Papers, Representations, Research, Science Maps, Sciences, Scientific Research

? Haiqi, Z. (1994), A bibliometric study on Medicine Chinese Traditional in MEDLINE database. Scientometrics,