Personal Research Database

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 205.pdf

Abstract: Scientific articles may be represented as points in a space whose spatial pattern reflects some of the substantive and social structures of science. The proximity of articles and the documents they reference leads to a eentroid sealling method proposed in this paper. This method scales citing articles as close as possible to the articles they reference. The simultaneous scaling of citing and cited articles in a common space aids in the interpretation of the resultant configuration.

? Moravcsik, M.J. (1982), The social-process of scientific investigation - Knorr, KD, Krohn, R, Whitley, R. Scientometrics, 4 (3), 233-234.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 233.pdf

? Hjerppe, R. (1982), Supplement to a ‘Bibliography of bibliometrics and citation indexing & analysis’ (Trita-lib-2013). Scientometrics, 4 (3), 241-274.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 241.pdf

Keywords: Bibliometrics

? Bonitz, M. and Schmidt, P. (1982), Transition from the macrolevel to the microlevel of information at rank distribution investigations of the report literature of an international information-system. Scientometrics, 4 (4), 283-295.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 283.pdf

Abstract: The coincidence method proposed earlier by one of the authors is applied to rank distribution studies of the report literature of the International Nuclear Information System, INIS, and a two-level concept is used to discuss the results of the present and previously reported investigations. Transitions between’ macrolevel and microlevel of information for constant forms of eommuhication as well as transitiong between different forms of commu, nication at constant levels are compared. Escape of the information avalanche for the highly specialized single scientist, greater efficiency of the report literature compared with journal literature in the field of nuclear research, non-compatibility of macrolevel and microlevel of information could be confu-med quantitatively. It is an open question how to transform microlevel distributions into mactolevel distributions.

? Noma, E. (1982), An improved method for analyzing square scientometric transaction matrices. Scientometrics, 4 (4), 297-316.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 297.pdf

Abstract: Modeling the number of citations from one journal to another may be done by assuming independent contributions from the referencing journal and from the cited journal. Empirical and theoretical evidence, however, indicates that self-citations are different from interjournal citations. For this reason a model is proposed that separates the analysis of selfcitations from inter-citations. In addition, a model is proposed that adjusts the expected citation counts by the journal to journal similarity. Computational procedures for fitting coefficients of the models to the observed citation pattern are described along with a statistical method for evaluating the validity of the model.

? Shelishch, P.B. (1982), A quantitative study of biologists in the 18th and 19th centuries. Scientometrics, 4 (4), 317-329.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 317.pdf

Abstract: In recent literature dealing with the study of science and history of science increasing attention has been given to quantitative research of science as a special social institution. Main objects of these studies are the dynamics of quantity and structure of scientists, as well as change in forms of their professional organization. The understanding of regularities in the development of the scientific community is essential for the formulation of reasonable scientific policies. However, the experience shows that tendencies of this kind cannot be revealed if the study of science is restricted to the last two or three decades. It is necessary to examine sufficiently long periods of history during which several generations of scientists changed, large variations occured both in the internal scientific situation and in the socio-economic and concrete historical conditions of the development of science.

? Stefaniak, B. (1982), Individual and multiple authorship of papers in chemistry and physics. Scientometrics, 4 (4), 331-337.

Full Text: Scientometrics4, 331

? Blickenstaff, J. (1982), Correction. Scientometrics, 4 (4), 345.

Full Text: Scientometrics4, 345.pdf

? Smart, J.C. and Elton, C.F. (1982), Consumption factor scores of psychology journals: Scientometric properties and qualitative implications. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 349-360.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 349.pdf

Abstract: The Consumption Factor has been proposed.as a new measure of the significance/quahty of scientific journals. The scientometric properties of this measure and its relationship to other commonly used measures of journal significance were examined. The results indicate a high correlation between the two component measures used to construct the Consumption Factor and a weak relationship between the Consumption Factor and other measures traditionally used to assess journal significance. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of the need for multiple measures of the significance of scientific journals.

? Koenig, M.E.D. (1982), Determinants of expert judgment of research performance. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 361-378.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 361.pdf

Abstract: The relationship between indicators of and expert Judgement of, research performance were compared in the context of mission oriented pharmaceutical research. Expert judgment is very highly correlated with measures of publication activity, much more so than with very plausible measures of research output and research quality. Furthermore, expert judgement appears to be an additive function of publication size (another name for which might be visibility) and publication quality, with the principal component being size/visibility. These results are very similar to those found by Anderson, Narin, and MeAllister in the context of academic research, but these findings emerge froma context which allows other variables to compete in predicting expert Judgement, and are therefore to that degree more robuts. In addition this study finds a clear pattern of subject specificity, which implies that visibility is a function of the judge’s subject field.

? Long, J.S. and Mcginnis, R. (1982), On adjusting productivity measures for multiple authorship. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 379-387.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 379.pdf

? Lindsey, D. (1982), Further evidence for adjusting for multiple authorship. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 389-395.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 389.pdf

? Long, J.S. and Mcginnis, R. (1982), Further evidence for adjusting for multiple authorship: Reply. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 397-398.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 397.pdf

? Moravcsik, M.J. (1982), Science and technology policy: Priorities of governments - Tisdell, CA. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 399-400.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 399.pdf

? Phillips, E. (1982), Development of science publishing in Europe - Meadows, AJ. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 400-401.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 400.pdf

Keywords: Europe

? Mcallister, P.R. (1982), Applied time-series analysis for the social-sciences: Mccleary, R, Hay, RA. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 401-403.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 401.pdf

? Grupp, G. (1982), Talking about your research: Dixon, D, Hills, P. Scientometrics, 4 (5), 403

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 403.pdf

? Campbell, C.A. and Campbell, M.B.M. (1982), The validity of the ROY approximation for citation analysis. Scientometrics, 4 (6), 411-416.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 411.pdf

? Snizek, W.E., Dudley, C.J. and Hughes, J.E. (1982), The second process of peer-review: Some correlates of comments published in the ASR (1947-1979). Scientometrics, 4 (6), 417-430.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 417.pdf

Abstract: Several studies have demonstrated that such factors as area of specialization, and the age, rank, years of experience and prestige background of authors affect the publication of scientific research. This study examines the impact of these variables on the probability that published articles will receive critical comment. The data for the study are based on information gathered on the authors of 477 articles and comments published in the American Sociological Review over a 33 year period (1947-1979). Results show that area of specialization is a major factor influencing the probability of an article being commented on. Articles written in the areas of theolT/history of social thought and quantitative methods receive a disproportionately higher percentage of comments, while articles in such areas as community, social psychology and marriage and family receive far fewer comments. None of the five demographic and prestige characteristics of article authors was found to significantly discriminate between those articles that either had or had not been commented on. And f’mally, journal article comments are shown to either enhance or diminish an article’s likelihood of later being cited, depending upon the speciality area in which that article is written.

? Yankevich, W.F. (1982), Analysis of publication and invention productivity in some soviet academic institutions. Scientometrics, 4 (6), 431-437.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 431.pdf

Abstract: Some peculiarities and tendencies of the productivity of publication and invention activities for a large group of academic institutions of different scientific type of the Ukrainian SSR conducting research in the field of natural and technical sciences have been revealed.

? Braun, T. and Nagy, J.I. (1982), A comparative-evaluation of some Hungarian and other national biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics journals. Scientometrics, 4 (6), 439-455.

Full Text: 1982\Scientometrics4, 439.pdf

Abstract: This paper analyses the publication process of journal papers using a comparative methodology based on two indicators: the publishing delay of the manuscripts and the nationality of authors publishing in the journals under study. Using these indicators Hungarian foreign language journals are compared with some national journals of other countries

? Kretschmer, H. (1983), Representation of a complex structure measure for social-groups and its application to the structure of citations in a journal. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 5-30.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 5.pdf

Abstract: A complex structure measure for social groups was established with a view to reflecting the degree of interaction within a social group. The quantitative degrees of relationship between two group members each and their distributions within the group are considered. These distributions can be characterized quantitatively on different hierarchical levels to which a specific meaning can be attributed. The complex structure measure is a combination of measures for the different hierarchical levels. A stratification of scientists based on the number of publications in a journal is reflected in the results obtained by the complex structure measure. Specific information is provided both by the complex structure measure and by the measure on different levels.

? Soete, L.G. and Wyatt, S.M.E. (1983), The use of foreign patenting as an internationally comparable science and technology output indicator. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 31-54.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 31.pdf

Abstract: Foreign patenting activity in some of the world major patent systems is being compared between countries and industries and is found to be, with a few notable exceptions, relatively unbiased. Furthermore, a brief dynamic analysis of the foreign patenting activity in the USA of a number of OECD-countries in 41 industrial sectors in terms of ‘Revealed Technological Advantage’ indices suggests that foreign patent data might provide a very useful addition to the arsenal of Science and Technology Output Indicators.

? Slater, P.B. (1983), Hierarchical-clustering of mathematical journals based upon citation matrices. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 55-58.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 55.pdf

Abstract: Journal-to-journal citation matrices can be examined with a two-stage double-standardization and hierarchical clustering procedure that has been widely applied to other transaction flow tables. An illustration is given, using 1967-1975 citations between 22 mathematical journals. Groups oriented to analysis and to algebra are discerned. Certain journals, such as the Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, are shown to have broad, nonspecialized ties with the other periodicals.

? Schubert, A. and Glänzel, W. (1983), Statistical reliability of comparisons based on the citation impact of scientific publications. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 59-74.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 59.pdf

Abstract: A method for estimating the standard error of mean citation rates per publication is proposed and examplified on journal impact factors. The use of the standard error values in statistical tests is also illustrated.

? Bond, J.S. (1983), The Use of International patenting statistics as indicators of inventive activity. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 77.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 77.pdf

? Callon, M., Courtial, J.P., Turner, W.A. and Bauin, S. (1983), From translation to network - the co-word analysis. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 78.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 78.pdf

? Campbell, R.S. and Thompson, C.E. (1983), Patent citation analysis. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 78.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 78.pdf

? Carpenter, M.P. and Narin, F. (1983), Assessment of the linkages between patents and fundamental research. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 78-79.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 78.pdf

? Cozzens, S.E. (1983), Comparing the Sciences - Citation Context Analysis of Papers from Neuropharmacology and the Sociology of Science. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 79.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 79.pdf

? Demay, M. (1983), Cognitive structure and dynamics of scientific specialities: A comparison of bibliometric and cognitive approaches. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 79.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 79.pdf

? Hargens, L.L. and Felmlee, D.H. (1983), Effects of structural characteristics of scientific fields on measures of the inequality of recognition of scientists. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 80.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 80.pdf

? Mcallister, P.R. and Narin, F. (1983), Analysis of the contribution of scientific instrumentation to highly cited research. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 80.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 80.pdf

? Morley, J. (1983), Sociobiology in science, 1975-1979: A bibliometric study. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 80.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 80.pdf

? Schott, T. (1983), Curves of scientific literature, references and citations: A mathematical-model of dynamic interrelation. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 81.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 81.pdf

? Vlachy, J. (1983), Performance inequality in scientific disciplines. Scientometrics, 5 (1), 81.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 81.pdf

Notes: UUniversity

? Rushton, J.P., Murray, H.G. and Paunonen, S.V. (1983), Personality, research creativity, and teaching effectiveness in university professors. Scientometrics, 5 (2), 93-116.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 93.pdf

Abstract: Two separate studies were undertaken of the personality characteristics associated with research creativity and teaching effectiveness in university psychology professors. In the first study, 52 professors at The University of Western Ontario were evaluated on 29 trait dimensions using four assessment techniques: faculty peer ratings, student ratings, self ratings, and objective questionnairees. A composite criterion of reseach creativity was generated from publication and citation counts. A composite for teaching effectiveness was created from 5 years of archival data based on formal student evaluations. The personality measures demonstrated considerable convergence across modes of assessment for many traits. In turn, several traits differentiated between most and least creative researchers and most and least effective teachers. A second study, using a self report survey sent to 400 professors in graduate psychology departments at 9 Canadian universities, revealed substantial replications of the findings of Study 1. Limiting ourselves to those personality traits that reliably loaded on Research and Teaching factors in both studies, we may describe the creative researcher as ambitious, enduring, seeking definiteness, dominant, showing leadership, aggressive, independent, non-meek, and non-supportive. The effective teacher is best described as liberal, sociable, showing leadership, extraverted, nonanxious, objective, supporting, non-authoritarian, non-defensive, intelligent, and aesthetically sensitive.

? Roy, R., Roy, N.R. and Johnson, G.G. (1983), Approximating total citation counts from 1st author counts and from total papers. Scientometrics, 5 (2), 117-124.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 117.pdf

Abstract: ]his paper is an attempt to improve on the approximation. First author itations (Cf) ~ Total citations (Ct) of an author’s publications without the work of making the complete citation count under the author and all co-author names.

Using the bibliographies of all faculty from each of four large departments: Physics, Chemistry, Materials Sciences, and Biosciences, in the same university, both first author and complete citation counts were made, care being taken to avoid the most common errors in such counts. It is shown that the function Cf T/F (where T and F are the total number of papers and F thosc with subject author’s namc first) correlates strongly (> 90%) with C t. We find also that C t correlates strongly with T.

The data also may be used as one more line of evidence to obtain normalizing ratios for possible comparisons of productivity across different disciplinary universes. A very tentative ratio from different studies would be 8 (Chem.) = 4 (Physics) = 2.5 (Mat. Sci.) = 2 (Mathematics) = 4.5 (Biophysics-Biochemistry).

? Schubert, A. (1983), Quantitative studies of science: A current bibliography. Scientometrics, 5 (2), 125-133.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 125.pdf

? Schubert, A. (1983), Scientific progress: A philosophical essay on the economics of research in natural-science - Rescher, N. Scientometrics, 5 (2), 135-136.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 135.pdf

? Moravcsik, M.J. (1983), European sources of scientific and technical-information - Harvey, AP, Pernet, A. Scientometrics, 5 (2), 137.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 137.pdf

Notes: MModel

? Kretschmer, H. (1983), The reflection of Lotka’s law in the structure of citations of a journal. Scientometrics, 5 (2), 85-92.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 85.pdf

Abstract: A complex structure measure for social groups was applied to the structure of citations in a journal. The citation structure reflected Lotka’s law on the various levels of group structure measure. On the first structure level the reciprocal effect of social and cognitive factors became discernible. The different hierarchical levels of the structure measure were a reflection of the logarithm of number of publications per author obtained in a group of authors with a definite number of publications.

Keywords: Lotka

? Blickenstaff, J. and Moravcsik, M.J. (1983), The profile of an international meeting. Scientometrics, 5 (3), 143-154.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 143.pdf

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the professional profile of participants in the ‘ACAST Colloquium’, one of the preliminary conferences leading to the United Nations Advisory Committee on Application of Science and Technology to Development (UNCSTD) meeting in Vienna in August of 1979, in order to study the different profile parameters of developing and ‘developed’ country participants. We found that the developing countries seem to have a higher proportion of women and younger people than the “developed’ countries. Participants on the whole tended to be older than a cross-section of the scientific and technological community. Approximately three-quarters considered themselves to be scientists rather than technologists. The scientists tended to be involved in some way with R & D, scientific or technological education, as well as management and administration. On the whole, the distribution of various parameters investigated was quite similar for developing and ‘developed’ countries. Some interpretations of these results are offered.

? Snizek, W.E. and Hughes, M. (1983), An empirical assessment of the validity of mullins theory group classifications. Scientometrics, 5 (3), 155-162.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 155.pdf

Abstract: Using a random sample of 79 theorists selected from among six of Mullins’ theory groups, this study attempts to empirically assess the validity of Mullins’ theory group classifications. The procedure involved utilizes multiple discriminant analysis based on four demographic-academic variables standardized relative to the publication date of the first major work written by each theorist. Results of the discriminant analysis indicate 70 percent of 40 cases, for whom complete data were available, are correctly classified, based on Mullins’ initial categorizations. These results show Mullins’ classification schema as having considerable construct validity, as well as demonstrating the utility of using multiple discriminant analysis as a technique for assessing other classificatory systems.

? Davis, C.H. (1983), Institutional sectors of mainstream science production in subsaharan Africa, 1970-1979: A quantitative-analysis. Scientometrics, 5 (3), 163-175.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 163.pdf

Abstract: The place of production of ‘mainstream’ scientific authors in Subsaharan Africa is examined in terms of institutional sectors for the period 1970 through 1979. Patterns of production of ‘mainstream’ scientific literature and the citation visibility of this literature are also examined, for a shorter period of time, in terms of institutional sectors. It is shown that the university and public sectors predominate in the production of ‘mainstream’ authors. These same sectors also assure more consistent intra-African visibility of research results than do other sectors. However, the growth of the university and public sectors appears to have slowed considerably since the mid-1970s. Research conducted within regional and subregional cooperative organizations declined dramatically during the decade. A growing emphasis on external interventions under multilateral (rather than bilateral) auspices is noted.

? Schubert, A., Zsindely, S. and Braun, T. (1983), Scientometric analysis of attendance at international scientific meetings. Scientometrics, 5 (3), 177-187.

Full Text: 1983\Scientometrics5, 177.pdf

Abstract: International scientific meetings represent important channels for communicating research results. Based on data from more than 500 proceedings of scientific meetings, organization and participation patterns of several countries (or geopolitical regions) were analyzed. Some new indicators were derived and proved to be useful in characterizing the scientific activity of the countries. Particularly, the ‘open’ and ‘closed’ nature of national scientific communities, as well as ‘attraction’ and ‘repulsion’ between certain pairs of countries could be revealed by this method.

? Schubert, A. (1983), Quantitative studies of science: A current bibliography. Scientometrics,