Personal Research Database

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 321.pdf

? Nederhof, A.J. and Vanraan, A.F.J. (1987), Citation theory and the Ortega hypothesis. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 325-328.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 325.pdf

? Zuckerman, H. (1987), Citation analysis and the complex problem of intellectual influence. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 329-338.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 329.pdf

? Small, H. (1987), The significance of bibliographic references. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 339-341.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 339.pdf

? Narin, F. (1987), To believe or not to believe. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 343-344.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 343.pdf

? Cole, S. and Cole, J.R. (1987), Testing the Ortega hypothesis: Milestone or millstone. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 345-353.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 345.pdf

? Kretschmer, H. (1987), The adaptation of the cooperation structure to the research process and scientific performances in research groups. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 355-372.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 355.pdf

Abstract: A theoretical approach was developed to raising the effectiveness of research groups as adaptable systems. If performance is the aim of the research group, adaptation to the changing conditions in the research process has to be one of its essential principles underlying its development. Empirically it was shown that several independent components of the cooperation structure that were simultaneously adapted to different changing conditions exerted a strong influence on performance. There is the hypothesis that the principle of adaptation of cooperation structure can be generally extended to the adaptation of other group characteristics.

? Broadus, R.N. (1987), Toward a definition of bibliometrics. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 373-379.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 373.pdf

Abstract: The definitions of the term ‘bibliometrics’ as used in the literature are examined and evaluated. Most such definitions are held to be too broad. A new definition is proposed, then its advantages and possible defects pointed out. A crucial question is whether Zipf’s law of word occurrence should be considered a part of this particular sub-discipline.

Keywords: Bibliometrics

? Nordstrom, L.O. (1987), Applied versus basic science in the literature of plant biology: A bibliometric perspective. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 381-393.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 381.pdf

Abstract: Applied and basic approaches to scientific inquiry were compared through a bibliometric analysis of two Canadian journals in plant biology. No differences were found between the journals in the distribution of citations aeross different sections of research articles (that is, Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion). Moreover, no contrasts were found in the frequency of multiple authorships or in the age distribution of cited works. However, the journals differed significantly on three other bibliometric measures: author affiliation, number of references per article, and publication format of cited works.

? Schubert, A. (1987), Quantitative studies of science a current bibliography. 10. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 395-412.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 395.pdf

? Moravcsik, M.J. (1987), Final report of the Nsf Advisory-Committee-on-Merit-Review: Natl-Sci-Fdn. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 413-415.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 413.pdf

? Jaccerino, V. (1987), Strengthening academic science: Drew, D. Scientometrics, 12 (5-6), 415-417.

Full Text: 1987\Scientometrics12, 415.pdf

? Braun, T. and Schubert, A. (1988), World flash on basic research: Scientometric versus socio-economic indicators - scatter plots for 51 countries - 1978-1980. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 1-9.

Full Text: Scientometrics13, 1.pdf

? Purica, I.I. (1988), Creativity, intelligence and synergetic processes in the development of science. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 11-24.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 11.pdf

Abstract: It is shown that characterizing the creative activity by the “aha!” concept the creative processes can be described as singular points of a smooth surface. The cusp catastrophe from the theory of Ren Thorn is used to describe and to estimate quantitatively the creative process, The behaviour parameter is the flux of empirical laws and the control parameters are the experimental and the theoretical effort. The theoretical effort is the bifurcation parameter.

? Kunz, M. (1988), A case-study against Haituns conjectures. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 25-33.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 25.pdf

Abstract: Haitun’s conjectures about specific properties of information distributions are questioned. It is shown on linguistic material that the opening of a closed counting scale changes the skewness of distribution in a way which contradicts Haitun’s suggestions. Negative power distributions are time dependent and can be explained as density measures of fraetal clusters and axe not specific to the social sciences.

? Haitun, S.D. (1988), A case-study against Haituns conjectures: Comment. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 35-44.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 35.pdf

Abstract: M. Kunz’s criticism of the concept of non-Gaussian nature of scientific activities is discussed. The following points of the concept are analyzed: transformations of closed scales into open scales, the dependence of moments of non-Gauss/an distributions on the samples size, the non-Gaussian nature of Man-dwelt upon by Kunz. Arguments based on statistical analysis of Kunz’s article are put forward against Kunz.

? Nieuwenhuysen, P. and Rousseau, R. (1988), A quick and easy method to estimate the random effect on citation measures. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 45-52.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 45.pdf

Abstract: A quick and easy method is presented to estimate the random fluctuations exhibited by citation measures. Applying this method allows for instance a better view on the ranking of journals (their so called “pecking order”), when the ranks are based on the number of recieved citations or on the impact factor of the journal.

? Wood, J.B. (1988), The growth of scholarship: An online bibliometric comparison of dissertations in the sciences and humanities. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 53-62.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 53.pdf

Abstract: The Dissertation Abstracts database was searched online to study patterns in the growth of scholarship from 1880-1984. The total number of degrees granted per year as well as the number of degrees granted per year in the “hard” sciences, social sciences, and library science seems to be leveling off, the number in fine arts and literature has begun to decline, and the number in information science, computer science, and the health sciences continues to grow. Searching Dissertation Abstracts online offers an efficient and relatively inexpensive way to obtain quantitative data for trend analysis.

? Flor, A.G. (1988), The information wastage ratio: Towards a theory of rates of information generation and utilization. Scientometrics, 13 (1-2), 63-69.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 63.pdf

Abstract: This paper presents a theoretical framework of the relationships between certain phenomena attendant to an information society, i.e, information explosion, societal informarion overload, etc. It also attempts to explain and predict the possible effects of these phenomena on information generation, utilization and wastage. A theory of rates of information generation and utilization as well as a wastage ratio is proposed, The initial propositions, axioms and postulates which form the bases of this theory are described in their logieai sequence. Hypotheses and conceptual models are also included.

? Vansteijn, F. and Rip, A. (1988), The role of trade literature in the communication-system. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 81-91.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 81.pdf

Abstract: Bibliometrie methods in general undervalue technological research. This study examines the relation in literature between technological/industrial journals and scientifie journals in the ease of the plastics industry and polymer science. Trade-journals cannot be used in a straightforward bibliometric manner, but can be an aid in mapping the different groups and reveal the ‘hidden’ eornrnunieation between technological and scientific communities.

? Swales, J. (1988), Language and scientific communication: The case of the reprint request. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 93-101.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 93.pdf

Abstract: This paper reports on a study of Reprint Requests (RRs). It is estimated that tens of millions of RRs are mailed each year, most being triggered by Current Contents. A sample of RRs generated by three papers, plus a quessionnaire-survey of the requesters for one paper, form the basis of this study into language use patterns in the RR genre. English is ubiquitous, German and French infrequent, Russian and Spanish rare. This language data is significant because it provides unit-level language decision making (as opposed to that at other levels). Various applications of RR research are discussed, including its relevance to the issue of “Third World Science”.

? Porter, A.L., Chubin, D.E. and Jin, X.Y. (1988), Citations and scientific progress: Comparing bibliometric measures with scientist judgments. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 103-124.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 103.pdf

Abstract: This project compares various bibliometric measures and scientists’ own judgments. Publication and citation data are compiled for two cohorts of chemists awarded Sloan Fellowships. Citation patterns differ substantially between most cited papers and those these authors identify as their “best.” Theoretical, empirical, and methodological papers are contrasted as well. In addition, temporal citation patterns show that recognition spreads beyond the research area of a particular paper to yield “cross-disciplinary” citation .surprisingly rapidly. Results suggest the utility of studying citation patterns among the Institute for Scientific Information Subject Categories, but also caution against equating publication and citation counts with scientific progress.

? Kaneiwa, K., Adachi, J., Aoki, M., Masuda, T., Midorikawa, N., Tanimura, A. and Yamazaki, S. (1988), A comparison between the journals nature and science. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 125-133.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 125.pdf

Abstract: In this paper, Nature and Science, the two distinguished multi-disciplimuary scientific journals were compared placing emphasis on their internationality. The items investion ml were as follows. A. general comparison: 1. number of authors per article, 2. di~ilmtiw a’ countries to which first authors’ imtitutions belong, 3. distn~oution of main diSCilflJm studied by first authors, 4. time-lag between the date of receipt of an azticle by the and the date of its publication. B. the position with regard to Japanese authors: 1. Numbtt of Japanese authors, 2. relationship between the ranking of a Japanese author in the list of authors’ names and the country where his institution is located, 3. relationship between the time-lag stated in A-4 and the items stated in B-2. As a result, it can be said tlmtNature is a more highly international journal then Science.

? Herrmann, D.B. (1988), How old were the authors of significant research in 20th-century astronomy at the time of their greatest achievements. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 135-137.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 135.pdf

Abstract: This paper examines the contributions given in the Source Book in Astronomy and Astrophysics 1900-1975 with respect to the question: how old were the authors at the time of their greatest achievements? As average value of the age of the authors at the time of the publication we find A = 39.810.9 years and a tittle difference for more empirical and the theoretical papers.

? Schubert, A. (1988), Quantitative studies of science: A current bibliography. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 139-172.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 139.pdf

? Lyon, W.S. (1988), Survival strategies for new scientists: Sindermann, CJ. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 173.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 173.pdf

? Martin, B.R. (1988), History of CERN, Volume 1: Hermann, A, Krige, J, Mersits, U, Pestre, D. Scientometrics, 13 (3-4), 174-175.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 174.pdf

? Braun, T., Glänzel, W. and Schubert, A. (1988), World flash on basic research: The newest version of the facts and figures on publication output and relative citation impact of 100 countries 1981-1985. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 181-188.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 181.pdf

? Guay, Y. (1988), Internationalization of industrial-research: The pharmaceutical-industry 1965-1979. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 189-213.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 189.pdf

Abstract: This study is a count of the publications of a sample of the major pharmaceutical multinational companies. These finns have been divided into three geopolitical groups: Europe, the United States and Japan. Results obtained show that research activities in this industry have been subjected to some changes between 1965 and 1979. Among these changes is the growing importance of fundamental research, the erosion of the leadership of U.S.-based firms and the growing importance of overseas research.

? Over, R. (1988), Does scholarly impact decline with age. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 215-223.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 215.pdf

Abstract: Relationships between age and scholarly impact were assessed by determining the number of times single-author articles (N=227) published in Psychological Review between 1965 and 1980 were cited in the fifth year following publication. There were substantial individual differences in citation rates, but this measure of scholarly impact did not correlate with either the chronological age of authors or their professional age (years since PhD award). Although the majority of articles in Psychological Review were published by authors under the age of 40, such a bias is to be expected in terms of the age distrubution of American psychologists. When allowance was made for the number of authors in different age ranges, older authors were no less likely than younger authors to have generated a high-impact article (an article cited 10 or more times in the fifth year after publication). The data offer no support to claims that publications by young scientists have greater impact.

Notes: UUniversity

? Ehikhamenor, F.A. (1988), Perceived state of science in Nigerian universities. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 225-238.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 225.pdf

Abstract: Nigerian university scientists are working under very difficult conditions created by a nmnber of constaints of which lack of equipment and lack of information are the most crucial. These constraints have generated a number of adaptations that are both innovative and opportunistiy categies for dealing with these constraints are described. Attention is also given to the social milieu of the scientists and the issue of reward for scientific contribution.

? Vinkler, P. (1988), An attempt of surveying and classifying bibliometric indicators for scientometric purposes. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 239-259.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 239.pdf

Abstract: An attempt is made for the survey and classification of bibliometric indicators applicable for assessment of publication performance of researchers active in natural sciences. Indicators can be classified as publication and citation ones which may refer to impact and quantity of publication activity of researcher(s), teams, institutes or eotmtties. Taking into account the possible reference standards, the indicators are classified as simple, specific, balance, distribution and relative ones. In order to evaluate publication activity both qualitatively and quantitatively, relative citation indicators can be recommended, which relate citations received to the sum of impact factors of the journals, where the papers were published or give the relative measure of the average eitedness of papers related to that of papers in journals in a similar subfield.

? Garg, K.C. and Rao, M.K.D. (1988), Bibliometric analysis of scientific productivity: A case-study of an Indian physics laboratory. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 261-269.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 261.pdf

Abstract: The paper analyses the output of the publication data of an Indian laboratory in the field of physics in SCI and non SCI coveted Indian and foreign journals, processes developed and Indian patents filed during the period 1965 -82 to find out the pattern of productivity. Looks at the journals wherein the laboratccy scientists publish. Also points out the sub-areas of physics in which the laboratory scientists have published maximum papers and also mentions about the pattern of scientific co-authorship in the research work. Correlation coefficients between input variable (manpower and budget) with output variables (number of papers published, processes developed and Indian patents accepted) have been calculated.

? Eto, H. (1988), Rising tail in Bradford distribution: Its interpretation and application. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 271-287.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 271.pdf

Abstract: The right tail of the Bradford distribution has been considered to be straight or drooping. This paper reports cases in which the right tail is rising upward, explains and verifies conditions of its occurrences, intcxpretes it and proposes its application to evaluation and forecasting of technological development at the basic research stage.

? Kunz, M. (1988), Lotka and Zipf: Paper dragons with fuzzy tails. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 289-297.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 289.pdf

Abstract: A linear correlation exists between the Lotka frequency and Zipf rank distribution functions. Relatively good correlation coefficients were found, but slope constants are not consistent with theory. They show that information distributions are not homogeneous and cannot be completely described by two parameter functions.

Keywords: Lotka, Zipf

? Sangster, J. (1988), The history of sciences and scientists for the last 2 centuries from the viewpoint of leading academies or scientific societies - French - Decandolle, A. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 301-302.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 301.pdf

? Bromley, D.A. (1988), Scientific excellence: Jackson, DN, Rushton, JP. Scientometrics, 13 (5-6), 302-303.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics13, 302.pdf

? Braun, T., Glänzel, W. and Schubert, A. (1988), The newest version of the facts and figures on publication output and relative citation impact in the life sciences and chemistry 1981-1985. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 3-15.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 3.pdf

? Jiménez, J., Hunya, P., Bayona, M. and Halász, A. (1988), The S and T potential of Mexico and Hungary. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 17-41.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 17.pdf

Keywords: Hungary, Mexico

? Chakravarthy, R., Chawla, A. and Mehta, G. (1988), Women scientists at work: An international comparative-study of 6 countries. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 43-74.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 43.pdf

Abstract: On the basis of survey, conducted within the framework of the UNESCO International Comparative Study on the Organization of Research groups, the role and position of women in scientific activity is compared. Data on a total of (6000 individuals) from Argentina, India, Egypt, Korea, Poland and USSR show that women scientists’ participation is highest in Poland, and lower in India, Korea and Argentina. Everywhere women scientists are more often doing the routine aspects of the research process and more isolated from external contacts with men. Women have lower scientific productivity than male scientists which can be interpreted as a consequence of their lower status in the organization.

? Lindsey, D. (1988), Assessing precision in the manuscript review process: A little better than a dice roll. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 75-82.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 75.pdf

Arunachalam, S. and Manorama, K. (1988), How do journals on the periphery compare with mainstream scientific journals. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 83-95.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 83.pdf

Abstract: Based on the premise that citations in scientific journals can tell us a lot about the journals, we have compared Indian journals in the fields of astronomy, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, geology and ecology with leading world journals.’The two criteria compared are the age of references and the journals often cited in each of the journals considered. Our results show that although overall Indian science is mediocre, parts of India’s scientific enterprise are cognitively better related to world science. The peripherality is not uniform across the board, but some areas like astronomy and to some extent physics are closer to the central or mainstream science than others. Although citation analysis is not normally used for cross-field comparisons, this paper demonstrates that, if used judiciously, citation analysis can yield valuable insights into issues involving many fields.

? Frey, B.S. and Pommerehne, W.W. (1988), The American domination among eminent economists. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 97-110.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 97.pdf

Abstract: American economists take a dominant position among eminent economists. According to Blaug’s Who’s Who in Economics, among iiving economists the share amounts to more than two thirds, and over one half of all eminent economists since 1700. Part of this dominance may be attributed to factors such as the definition of ‘eminence’, the underlying sample of scholars, and the language and style representing barriers to entry for non-American economists. However, the major reason consists in the favourable conditions for good research which in turn are based on tbe beneficial economic, political and social framework existing in North America.

? Pravdic, N., Aganovicboras, A. and Kritovac, D. (1988), In search of a “non-citation index” indicator for scientific activity assessment in less developed-countries: Case study of Croatia/Yugoslavia. Scientometrics, 14 (1-2), 111-125.

Full Text: 1988\Scientometrics14, 111.pdf

Abstract: The meaning of the term the intellectual “island effect” which was introduced by Arunachalam et al. is broadened as to characterize the status of science on the periphery in general. A practical solution is proposed, based on bibliometric data of the research output and relying on two criteria: the extent of coverage by world significant secondary literature and the extent of scatter of that literature. Reliability of the publication data retrieved from the Citation Indexes is discussed, a measure is offered to assess the adequacy of the Citation Indexes as the data sources.

Keywords: Croatia, Yugoslavia

? Kidd, J.S. (1988), The popularization of science: Some basic measurements. Scientometrics,