Personal Research Database

Full Text: S\Scientometrics48, 71.pdf

Abstract: The contribution of Turkish researchers to positive sciences is increasing. Turkish scientists published more than 5100 articles in 1998 in scientific journals indexed by the Institute for Scientific Information’s Science Citation Index, which elevated Turkey to the 25(th) place in the world rankings in terms of total contribution to science. In this paper, we report the preliminary findings of the bibliometric characteristics (authors and affiliations, medical journals and their impact factors, among others) of a total of 8442 articles published between 1988 and 1997 by scientists affiliated with Turkish institutions and indexed in the MEDLINE database.

Keywords: Bibliometric, Characteristics, Impact, Impact Factors, Institutions, Medical, Medical Journals, Medline, Paper, Rankings, Science, Science Citation Index, Sciences, Turkey

Eto, H. (2000), Bibliometric distance between methodology and application in statistics. Scientometrics, 48 (1), 85-97.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics48, 85.pdf

Abstract: This paper analyses communications between statistical methodology and applied statistics in terms of the similarity and dissimilarity in their authorship and citation patterns, and further the communication distance between them in terms of mutual citation and the time lag therein. Hypotheses are presented on their difference and distance and are verified for data from the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, the oldest statistical society in the world. The data analysis reveals that they are indeed different and distant each other to a certain extent but less distinctly than initially conjectured in the hypotheses

Keywords: Analysis, Authorship, Citation, Communication, Dissimilarity, Methodology, Paper, Similarity, Statistics, Time Lag, Time-Lag

Lee, M., Om, K. and Koh, J. (2000), The bias of sighted reviewers in research proposal evaluation: A comparative analysis of blind and open review in Korea. Scientometrics, 48 (1), 99-116.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics48, 99.pdf

Abstract: This article compares empirically the major factors affecting blinded and sighted reviewers in the selection of research proposals to be funded in a ‘scientifically small’ country. Fisher’s Z-test shows that the applicant characteristics (rank of undergraduate school where the applicant studied, professional age of the applicant, and academic recognition of the applicant) are the major factors leading to the significantly different evaluation scores between blinded and sighted reviewers. This means that ‘open’ evaluation of research proposals is obviously biased. Policy implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.

Keywords: Academic, Age, Analysis, Bias, Characteristics, Comparative Analysis, Evaluation, Korea, Peer, Rank, Research, Review, School, Selection, Undergraduate

? Wormell, I. (2000), Proceedings of the 4th Nordic Workshop in Bibliometrics Copenhagen (Denmark), August 27-28, 1999 - Foreword. Scientometrics, 48 (2), 117-120.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 117.pdf

Keywords: Denmark

? Glänzel, W. (2000), Science in Scandinavia: A bibliometric approach. Scientometrics, 48 (2), 121-150.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 121.pdf

Abstract: The development of publication activity and citation impact in Scandinavian countries is studied for the 1980-1997 period. Besides the analysis of trends in publication and citation patterns and of national publication profiles, an attempt is made to find statistical evidences of the relation between international co-authorship and both research profile and citation impact in the Nordic countries. A coherent Scandinavian cluster has been found, and the Nordic countries have strong co-authorship links with highly developed countries in West Europe and North America. It was found that international co-authorship, in general, results in publications with higher citation rates than purely domestic papers. International collaboration has, however, not the same influence on publication profiles and citation impact of each analysed countries.

Keywords: Activity, Analysis, Bibliometric, Citation, Cluster, Co-Authorship, Collaboration, Development, Europe, General, Impact, Indicators, Made, North America, Profile, Profiles, Publication, Publications, Research, Trends

? Meyer, M. (2000), Patent citations in a novel field of technology - What can they tell about interactions between emerging communities of science and technology? Scientometrics, 48 (2), 151-178.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 151.pdf

Abstract: This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of patent citation analysis in general and its application to novel fields of science and technology in particular. It introduces into the subject-matter by discussing an empirical problem, the relationship of nano-publications and nano-patents as representations of nano-science and nano-technology. Drawing on a variety of sources, different interpretations of patent citations are presented. Then, the nature of patent citations is further investigated by comparing them to citations in the scientific literature. After characterizing the citation linkage as indicators of reciprocal relationships between science and technology, patent citations in nano-science and technology are analyzed in terms of interfield and organizational knowledge-flows.

Keywords: Analysis, Citation, Citation Analysis, Citations, Communities, General, Indicators, Interactions, Nanotechnology, Organizational, Paper, Patent Citations, Science, Sources

? Sandstrom, A., Pettersson, I. and Nilsson, A. (2000), Knowledge production and knowledge flows in the Swedish biotechnology innovation system. Scientometrics, 48 (2), 179-201.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 179.pdf

Abstract: As a basis for policy decisions, governments are increasingly using analysis of systems of innovation. Fundamental to the systems of innovation approach is the recognition that innovation processes essentially are interactive activities. The present paper illustrates the use and limitations of bibliometries in analysing the knowledge production and knowledge flows in a section of an innovation system focusing on life science subject fields relevant to innovation processes in biotechnology. Bibliometrics can in this context be used to identify the actors in a research intensive innovation system, the scientific profiles of actors as well as identifying networks and collaboration patterns.

Keywords: Analysis, Biotechnology, Collaboration, Combined Cocitation, Flows, Innovation, Interactive, Knowledge, Life, Limitations, Paper, Policy, Policy Decisions, Production, Profiles, Research, Science, Word Analysis

Wormell, I. (2000), Bibliometric analysis of the welfare topic. Scientometrics, 48 (2), 203-236.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 203.pdf

Abstract: The article is reporting the results of the first part of an extensive informetric analysis of the Welfare topic, carried out in 1998–1999. The aim was to analyse the structure of the literature of international Welfare research, to provide a detailed picture of its basic theoretical and empirical concepts and the mutual relations existing between these concepts.

The approach is novel in that through the application of quantitative (i.e., bibliometric) techniques it tries to reduce subjectivity in domain analysis and in the mapping of the developments and segmentation in special topical areas.

The analysis used the technique of co-ordinated online searches in a cluster of international bibliographic databases in DIALOG. The identified 13 sub-topics have been in detail analysed, in three time intervals. By measuring trends and developments in the number of publications, term occurrences, similarity between the subject terms and formation of clusters among the subject segments the analysis provides a comprehensive review of such a complex research field as the Welfare State is. The study, which primary aim is to improve the methodology of quantitative analysis in the so called ‘soft’ sciences, will increase the interest among social scientists, scholars of the humanities and library and information science to use databases as analytical tools and to apply the modern text mining techniques for the extraction of knowledge from bibliographic data.

Keywords: Analysis, Analytical Tools, Bibliographic Databases, Bibliometric, Cluster, Clusters, Complex, Databases, Domain Analysis, Extraction, Formation, Information, Information Science, Knowledge, Library And Information Science, Mapping, Methodology, Mining, Publications, Quantitative Analysis, Reporting, Research, Review, Science, Sciences, Segmentation, Similarity, Social, Structure, Techniques, Tools, Trends

? Wormell, I. (2000), Critical aspects of the Danish Welfare State - as revealed by issue tracking. Scientometrics, 48 (2), 237-250.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 237.pdf

Abstract: The paper examines the applicability of informetric methods to trace the pattern of debate about the three main critical issues of the modem Welfare State in Denmark: economic aspects, legitimacy and functionality. The methodology of issue tracking is used to follow the developments of these issues in periods through national databases of various types covering information about the research, implementation, press and legislation aspects. The approach taken is novel in that it implements and tests issue tracking in this area of social sciences, and tries to reduce subjectivity in the analysis of trends influencing social policy and public opinion. The study aims to show how the emerging data and text mining techniques can be applied to integrate downloaded bibliographic data with other types of information in a strategic mix.

Keywords: Analysis, Databases, Denmark, Economic, Implementation, Information, Methodology, Methods, Mining, Paper, Policy, Research, Sciences, Social, Social Sciences, Techniques, Tests, Tracking, Trends

Schubert, A. (2000), Scientometrics in medicine-related fields 1990–1999. Scientometrics, 48 (2), 251-284.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics48, 251.pdf

Anduckia, J.C., Gomez, J. and Gomez, Y.J. (2000), Some features of Colombian research population (1983-1994). Scientometrics, 48 (3), 285-305.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 285.pdf

Abstract: We present some features that characterise the mobility and interaction of researchers within a given S&T environment. The variable of interest is the number of research proposals submitted for funding. The model is applied to the case of Colombia and the following results are exhibited: a) a ‘flux matrix’ that characterises the ‘interactions’ as a function of rime between researchers and COLCIENCIAS (national S&T funding agency). Some properties of the matrix are established and a ‘probability’ for a researcher who has previously submitted a proposal to reenter is calculated as a function of time. It is found that this probability is approximately time-independent, at least for the next 7 years after first researcher’s appearance, b) patterns of interaction between researchers/institutions and COLCIENCIAS, seen through the number of presented proposals. The interaction assumes the will-known form encountered in these kinds of distributions: a small set of actors (researchers/institutions) is responsible for most of the interaction, c) a temporal pattern for mean researcher’s age is established and it is found that by the end of the observed period researchers start to interact in ages that are significantly greater than those observed at the beginning.

Keywords: Age, Appearance, Colombia, Distributions, Environment, Features, Function, Funding, Interaction, Mobility, Model, Population, Probability, Properties, Research, Temporal

? Saetnan, A.R. (2000), To screen or not to screen? Science discourse in two health policy controversies, as seen through three approaches to the citation evidence. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 307-344.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 307.pdf

Abstract: This article is an empirical study of two science and health policy controversies - ‘to screen or not to screen’ with ultrasound in pregnancy and with mammography for breast cancer. In each case, conflicting experimental results have been published. Which of the results have been accepted within the medical science community? The article is also a theoretical and methodological study of three views of science - an institutional view, an interests view, and a semiotic view. How might each approach scientific publications as evidence? Could they be eclectically combined in a more complex view of science discourse?

Keywords: Breast Cancer, Breast-Cancer Detection, Cancer, Citation, Community, Complex, Controlled Trial, Death Rates, Experimental, Health, Health Policy, Mammography, Medical, Mortality, Policy, Pregnancy, Prenatal Ultrasound, Publications, Randomized Trial, Routine, Science, Scientific Publications, Ultrasound, Women

Egghe, L. (2000), A heuristic study of the first-citation distribution. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 345-359.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 345.pdf

Abstract: The first-citation distribution, i.e. the cumulative distribution of the time period between publication of an article and the time it receives its first citation, has never been modelled by using well-known informetric distributions. An attempt to this is given in this paper. For the diachronous aging distribution we use a simple decreasing exponential model. For the distribution of the total number of received citations we use a classical Lotka function. The combination of these two tools yield new first-citation distributions.

The model is then tested by applying nonlinear regression techniques. The obtained fits are very good and comparable with older experimental results of Rousseau and of Gupta and Rousseau. However our single model is capable of fitting all first-citation graphs, concave as well as S-shaped, in the older results one needed two different models for it.

Our model is the function

(t₁)=(1a^t₁)^1

Here γ is the fraction of the papers that eventually get cited, t₁ is the time of the first citation, a is the aging rate and α is Lotka’s exponent. The combination of a and α in one formula is, to the best of our knowledge, new. The model hence provides estimates for these two important parameters.

Keywords: Aging, Bean, Citation, Citations, Distribution, Distributions, Experimental, Fitting, Fraction, Function, Knowledge, Model, Models, Nonlinear, Nonlinear Regression, Older, Paper, Parameters, Publication, Regression, Techniques, Tools, Yield

? Zelman, A. and Leydesdorff, L. (2000), Threaded email messages in Self-Organization and Science & Technology Studies oriented mailing lists. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 361-380.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 361.pdf

Abstract: The paper addresses the potential of Internet mailing lists to enhance academic research with respect to Gibbons’ distinction between Mode I and Mode II knowledge production (Gibbons et al., 1994). We examine threaded email messages in a selection of Self-Organization and Science & Technology Studies oriented Internet mailing lists to illustrate the internal dynamics involved in the electronic production of knowledge. Of particular interest is the EuroCon-Knowflow mailing list which houses the electronic communication of the Self-Organization of the European Information Society (SOEIS) research group. The research focuses upon the discussion threads of mailing lists. The use of threaded messages as our hermeneutic units of analysis provides the basis for a reflection upon three key theoretical positions: Medium Theory, Actor-Network Theory, and Self-Organization Theory. With respect to the latter, we measure for self-organized criticality by comparing the frequency and size of threaded messages. Using this and other methods as operationalized modes of theorizing we reveal network dynamics particular to the Internet mailing list.

Keywords: Academic, Analysis, Communication, Dynamics, Group, Internet, Key, Knowledge, Methods, Paper, Production, Research, Selection, Size

Basu, A. and Kumar, B.S.V. (2000), International collaboration in Indian scientific papers. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 381-402.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 381.pdf

Abstract: Internationally co-authored publications may be regarded as an indicator of scientific co-operation between countries and is of interest in science policy. In this study, the extent of international collaboration in Indian science has been estimated from SCI data in 1990 and 1994. We find an increase in collaboration both in terms of output and the extent of the network and significantly higher impact (IF) associated with internationally co-authored papers in several disciplines. However, there was no significant increase in IF of collaborative papers over time, whereas Indian papers in general showed a statistically significant, though small, increase in average impact from 1990 to 1994. The bulk of Indian scientific co-operation was with the developed Western nations and Japan, but it was often the smaller countries with a few co-authored papers which showed higher average impact. Co-operation with South Asian countries, initially low, has doubled in four years. By a combination of multivariate data analysis techniques the relative positions of India’s partners in scientific collaboration have been mapped with respect to the fields of co-operation.

Keywords: Analysis, Asian, Bean, Collaboration, General, Impact, Indicator, International Collaboration, Japan, Low, Multivariate, Output, Policy, Publications, SCI, Science, Science Policy, Science-Policy, Scientific Collaboration, Techniques

? Trimble, V. (2000), Some characteristics of young vs. established American astronomers: Entering the new century. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 403-411.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 403.pdf

Abstract: A third cohort of(mostly) young astronomers, who earned their PhDs around a median date of 1994 and who have recently applied for election to membership in the International Astronomical Union from the USA or for tenure-track faculty positions has been added to earlier samples (median years of PhD 1982 and 1962.5), and the samples examined for demographic trends. The three groups are of similar size (304, 269, and 268 astronomers from earliest to latest). The third, youngest, cohort includes more foreign-born and/or trained scientists than either of the earlier ones (about 1/2 vs. about 1/4) and more women (about 15% vs. about 10% For the two earlier groups). The median length of time From BS or BS to PhD, which had lengthened from 4 to 6 years, has apparently leveled off at 6 years. And, compared to the previous ‘young’ sample, the present one includes many more job seekers and many fewer IAU aspirants.

Keywords: Characteristics, Cohort, Faculty, Groups, Size, Trends, Usa, Women

? Choung, J.Y. and Hwang, H.R. (2000), National systems of innovation: Institutional linkages and performances in the case of Korea and Taiwan. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 413-426.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 413.pdf

Abstract: This paper focuses on the measurement of scientific and technological performance of Korea and Taiwan in what has been the most successful technology catch-up within developing economies context. The performance measures are based on the publication data for scientific knowledge production and patent data for technological capabilities. In addition, this analysis also reveals on the features of innovation system of these two countries, focusing on the linkages between public and private sector in the scientific and technological knowledge: creation. By examining the scientific and technological performance and the changing structure of innovation system, it provides empirical evidence on the positive interaction between scientific and technological activities.

Keywords: Analysis, Creation, Features, Innovation, Interaction, Knowledge, Korea, Measurement, Paper, Performance, Performance Measures, Production, Publication, Structure, Taiwan

Osareh, F. and Wilson, C.S. (2000), A comparison of Iranian scientific publications in the Science Citation Index: 1985–1989 and 1990–1994. Scientometrics, 48 (3), 427-442.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics48, 427.pdf

Abstract: Iranian scientific publications in the Science Citation Index for two five-year periods, 1985–1989 and 1990–1994, were compared. Distributions of various attributes of the publication output for the two periods were obtained primarily through the Rank command of the Dialog Online System. Results include: productivity by publication year and by ranked order of the most productive Iranian authors, influence or impact of the most productive Iranian authors by ranking them as cited authors, collaboration of Iranian scientists with scientists from other countries, and the journals Iranian scientists published in and the journals they cite in their papers. The subject areas of Iran’s scientific publications were examined vis-à-vis the world’s publication output and that of the Third World Countries (TWC).

Keywords: Collaboration, Comparison, Impact, Order, Output, Productivity, Publication, Publications, Ranking, Science Citation Index, Scientific Publications

? Kyvik, S. and Persson, O. (2000), Scientometric research in the Nordic countries - Introduction. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 3-6

Full Text: Scientometrics49, 3.pdf

Keywords: Research

Aksnes, D.W., Olsen, T.B. and Seglen, P.O. (2000), Validation of bibliometric indicators in the field of microbiology: A Norwegian case study. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 7-22.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 7.pdf

Abstract: This paper addresses two related issues regarding the validity of bibliometric indicators for the assessment of national performance within a particular scientific field. Firstly, the representativeness of a journal-based subject classification, and secondly, the completeness of the database coverage. Norwegian publishing in microbiology was chosen as a case, using the standard ISI-product National Science Indicators on Diskette (NSIOD) as a source database. By applying an ‘author-gated’ retrieval procedure, we found that only 41 percent of all publications in NSIOD-indexed journals, expert-classified as microbiology, were included under the NSIOD-category Microbiology. Thus, the set of defining core journals only is clearly not sufficient to delineate this complex biomedical field. Furthermore, a subclassification of the articles into different subdisciplines of microbiology revealed systematic differences with respect to representation in NSIOD’s Microbiology field, fish microbiology and medical microbiology are particularly underrepresented.

In a second step, the individual publication lists from a sample of Norwegian microbiologists were collected and compared with the publications by the same authors, retrieved bibliometrically. The results showed that a large majority (94%) of the international scientific production in Norwegian microbiology was covered by the database NSIOD. Thus, insufficient subfield delineation, and not lack of coverage, appeared to be the main methodological problem in the bibliometric analysis of microbiology.

Keywords: Analysis, Areas, Assessment, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Analysis, Bibliometric Indicators, Case Study, Classification, Complex, Core, Delimitation, Fish, Indicators, Medical, Microbiology, Paper, Performance, Physics, Production, Publication, Publications, Publishing, Representation, Science, Scientific Production, Source, Standard, Subfields, Validity

Danell, R. (2000), Stratification among journals in management research: A bibliometric study of interaction between European and American journals. Scientometrics,