Philippine Normal University


Regional Classification of Published Filipino Dance Terms



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Revised LET material Prof Vergara Phil F
Regional Classification of Published Filipino Dance Terms




Region

Dance Terms

Tagalog

Bilao
Hapay
Jaleo
Panadyak
Salok



Visayan

Hayon-Hayon
Sarok

Ilocano

Patay
Kumintang

Ibanag

Masiwak

H. COMMON DANCE STEPS

Dance Steps/Time Signature

Counting

Step Pattern

No. of Measures

Polka Series – 2/4

  • Plain Polka

  • Hop Polka

  • Heel and toe Polka

  • Slide Polka

1 & 2 &
Ah, 1 & 2 &


1, 2, & 2 &

1 & 2 &, 1 & 2 &



Step, close step (pause)


Hop, step, close step pause
Heel-place, toe-point; step, close step (pause)
Step, close step (pause)

1
1
2


2


Waltz Series – ¾

  • Native waltz

  • Waltz balance




  • Cross waltz

1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3


1, 2, 3


Step, close, step


Step, close and raise heels
Up, down
Cross-step, close, step

1
1

1


Sway Balance Series

  • ¾

  • With a point

  • With a waltz

  • With a hop

  • With a brush

  • With a raise

  • With a close

  • Double sway balance

1, 2, 3 1 2, 3
1, 2 3 1 2 3
1, 2 3 1 2 3
1, 2 3 1 2, 3
1, 2 3 1 2, 3
1, 2 3 1 2, 3
1, 2 3 1 2, 3 1, 2 3
1, 2, 3

Step, cross-step/Step, point
Step, cross-step/Step, close. step
Step, cross-step/Step, raise, hop
Step, cross-step/Step brush
Step, cross-step/Step raise
Step, cross-step/Step close
Step, cross-step/Step point/
Cross-step, step/point

2
2
2
2
2
2
4



  • Bacui – ¾

1,2 3 1,2 3 1,2 3
1,2,3

Cross-point step/Cross-step
(rear) step/Cross-step(front)
Step/Close (pause)

4

  • Bleking 2/4 or 3/4

1 2
1,2 3

Heel-place, close
Heel-place, close

1
1

  • Change Step – 2/4

1 & 2

Step, Close, Step

1

  • Cross Change Step – 2/4

1 & 2

Cross-step, close, step

1

  • Contra-ganza – 2/4

1 & 2

Leap (sideward), cross-step, step

1

  • Habanera – 2/4

1 2 &

Step, close, step

1

  • Haplik – 2/4

1 2 1 2 1 & 2 1 2 1 & 2 1 2 1 2 1, 2

Step, step, hop, hop, step, step, step (turning), hop, hop, step, step, step (turning) hop, hop, step, step, close (pause)

8


  • Kuradang – 3/4

1 & 2 3 1& 2 3

Step, close, step, cross-step, step, close, step, pause

2

  • Mazurka – 3/4

1 2 3

Slide, cut, hop

1

  • Mudansa – 3/4

1 2 3 (4x) R & L alternately
1 2 3 1 2 3
1 2 3 1 2 3 (turning)

Step, heel-brush, heel-step
(3x to the right)
Repeat same to the left
Step, close, step, step, close, step
Step, close, step, step, close, step (turning)

16


  • Redoba – 2/4

1 2 3

Slide, cut, cut

1

  • Sagamantica

1 2,3 1 2,3 1 2,3 1 2,3

Step, close, step, close, step, close, raise, heel-place

4

Engaño Series – ¾

  • With a waltz




  • With a close

1,2 3 1 2 3


1,2 3 1 2, 3



Step (sideward) cross; step, close, step


Step (sideward); step, close

2


2

  • Paso Español -3/4

1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Step, close heels up, (forward) down; step, close, and heels up, down (backward); Step, brush-swing hop, step, brush-swing, hop

4


  • Papuri – 3/4

1,2 3 1,2,3 1,2 3 1,2,3

Step, cross-step,cross-point, step, cross-step, cross-step

4

  • Sangig – 3/4

1 2 3

Step, close, circle in air

1

  • Escotis – 4/4

1 2 3 4

Step, close, step, hop

1





Identify the dance terms and steps used in Philippine Folk dances.

Question No. 1 – Mr. Rioflorido instructed his students to do the kumintang. What will be the correct movements execution of his students in doing the kumintang?


A. The students will move their hand from the wrist in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
B. The students will move their hand from the elbow in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
C. The students will move their hand from the shoulder in a clockwise or counterclockwise
direction.
D. The students will move their hand from the upper extremities in a clockwise or
counterclockwise direction.

Answer:
The correct answer is option A. The correct movement of a Kumintang is moving the hand from the wrist in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Option B, C and D are all incorrect since movements from the elbow, shoulder, and upper extremities will not describe the correct movement for Kumintang.


Question No. 2 – The class of Mr. Cruz is dancing the Polkabal. One of the basic steps in the dance is the contraganza. If Mr. Cruz will demonstrate the step pattern of the dance step, which of the following will show the correct movement pattern?


A. Step, close, step C. Slide, cut, cut
B. Cross-step, close, step D. Leap, cross-step, step

Answer:
The correct answer is option D. Based on the book of Mrs. Francisca Aquino, “Fundamental Dance Steps and Music”, the contraganza step is described as leap, cross-step, step. Option A is the correct dance step pattern for change step. Option B describes the dance step of cross change step. Option C is the step pattern for redoba step.


Question No. 3 – Which of the following is a dance step in 4/4 time music?



  1. Espunti C. Mudansa

  2. Mazurka D. Escotis

Answer:
The correct answer is option D. Among the dance steps mentioned in the choices Escotis is the only dance steps performed in 4/4 time music. Espunti, Mudansa, and Mazurka are dance steps performed in ¾ time music.


Question No. 4 – All of the following are correct except _________.


A. waltz – ¾ time signature
B. mazurka – ¾ time signature
C. polka – ¾ time signature
D. sway balance – ¾ time signature

Answer:
The correct answer is option C. The question is asking the one that is not appropriate in the given association. Option C is the only dance step that is not performed in ¾ time signature because it is a dance step commonly used in 2/4 time music. Option A, B and D are all dance steps in ¾ music.


Question No. 5 – It is a work-dance of Kalinga women where they carry baskets on their heads.


A. Idudu C. Bumayah
B. Ragragsakan D. Bendian

Answer:
The correct answer is option B. Ragragsakan is a dance among Kalinga women that carries baskets or pots that are filled with goodies on their heads. The dance is also a festival dance among the Kalingas. Option A is incorrect because the dance Idudu is a dance among the Tinggians that shows the role of a father in making lullabies. Option C is not a Kalinga dance but an Ifugao festival dance. The dance is not an all-female dance. Option D is also incorrect because it is a dance from Benguet province. It is an all female dance but does not use baskets carried on their heads.


6. Of the following patterns of movements, the one that best describes the mazurka step is ______.


A. slide, cut, hop C. slide, slide, hop
B. hop, slide, close D. hop, cut, and slide

7. Which of the following associations is incorrect?


A. Cordillera dances of Luzon C. Mangyan dances of Nueva Viscaya
B. Tausug dances of Mindanao D. Ibanag dances of Cagayan

8. Each of the following pairs of folk dance steps can be performed in combination except the _________.


A. waltz and reboda C. waltz balance and paso español
B. polka and mazurka D. cross waltz and step, swing, hop

9. Which of the following dance steps has an incorrect time signature in 2/4 time music?


A. haplik C. polka
B. contraganza D. sagamantica

10. All are four measures of music and beyond except ____________.


A. double sway balance C. haplik
B. mudansa D. mazurka

11. Common among rural or countryside dances are the use of implements in their dance. They offer the glass of wine, a hanky, a hat, or even their own hands to somebody as a sign of invitation or love. This characterizes to a dance term which means ___________.


A. salok C. hapay
B. sarok D. bilao

12. Which of the following dance steps has eight measures?


A. bacui C. haplik
B. chotis D. sagamantica

13. Masiwak is a common dance term among the ___________.


A. Ilocano C. Tagalog
B. Ibanag D. VIsayan

14. Joseph is demonstrating the correct movement of hayon-hayon. Which of the following is the correct movement pattern that King June Four will show?


A. He will place his forearm in front and the other at the back of his waist.
B. He will cross his arms in front and open it to second position.
C. He will place both his arms at one side.
D. He will scoop his one arm up to fifth position.

15. Romeo is instructed by his PE teacher to do the habanera step. The step pattern that he will use is step, close, step, step and the counting to follow is __________.


A. 1 and 2 C. 1 2 and
B. 1 2 D. 1 2 3

16. Kheeno is performing a sway balance with a waltz in his dance class. The counting that he will use when doing the sway balance with a waltz is __________.


A. 1, 2 3/1 2 3 C. 1,2 3/ 1,2 3
B. 1, 2 3/ 1 2, 3 D. 1,2 3/ 1,2,3

17. Mr. Reyes asked his students to do a combination of the following dance steps; change, step, heel and toe change step, polka, heel and toe polka. He advises his students to get a folk dance music to accompany the combinations. What time signature the students will look for?


A. 2/4 time music C. 4/4 time music
B. ¾ time music D. 6/8 time music
18. Which of the following is a Visayan d ance term?
A. Bilao C. Salok
B. Jaleo D. Sarok

19. Which is called the unit of formation?


A. cabaceras C. home position
B. costados D. set
20. Of the following folk dances, which has a combined rhythm?
A. Alitaptap C. Lanceros de Negros
B. Tiklos D. Los Bailes de Ayer

21. Which of the following folk dances can be performed in ¾ time music?


A. Cariñosa C. Polka sa Nayon
B. Tiklos D. Polka Antigo

22. What is the rythm pattern of escotis?


A. uneven C. broken
B. even D. syncopated

23. Which of the following is an occupational dance?


A. Polka sa Nayon C. Biniganbigat
B. Lanceros de Negros D. Mananguete

24. You are instructing your class to do one sway balance with a waltz right and left alternately, two waltz steps right and left, and one waltz turn. How many measures are there in the combination?


A. 6 measures C. 12 measures
B. 8 measures D. 16 measures

25. Which dance is very popular in the Bicol Region that is commonly performed during wedding celebrations?


A. Kuratsa C. Sinakiki
B. Pandango D. Pantomina


1. The waltz is done in what tempo?


A. slow C. moderate
B. marching D. fast

2. This is a kind of movement wherein the dancer glides one foot forcibly on the floor with or without


transfer of weight. It is called _______.
A. step C. pivot
B. tap D. slide

3. Which type of dance is performed in social gathering to honor the guest?


A. Pantomina C. Papuri
B. Pandanggo D. Putritos

4. What is a Samal dance class of noble women which shows off women’s dexterity and flexibility of the


shoulders, elbows and wrist joints?
A. Sua-ko-Sua C. Janngay
B. Maglanka D. Kancingan

5. What is the national dance of the Philippines?


A. Singkil C. Rigodon
B. Cariñosa D. Tinikling

6. Which of the following dances use fighting implements?


A. Lanceros C. Rigodon
B. Sagayan D. Pabo

7. A dance step of sixteen measures is ______________.


A. haplik C. papuri
B. sagamantica D. mudansa

8.What is an Ibanag dance term wherein the dancers turn their hands from the wrists halfway clockwise then raise and lower wrist once or twice?


A. panadyak C. free hand
B. masiwak D. kumintang
9. This is done by bending halfway the knees and body slightly with a bow of the head. It is called ____.
A. curtsy C. Dip
B. do-si-do D. Draw

10. This dance term is executed by swinging the arm downward passing infront of the body as if scooping with the trunk bending forward following the movement of the arm. The term for this is __________.


A. slide C. salok
B. swing D. sarok

11. When two people walk toward each other, pass by right shoulder, step sideward to the right and return to position, walking backward, passing left shoulder the movement is called _______.


A. cross-over C. counterclockwise
B. do-si-do D. clockwise

12. The toe or ball or free foot is placed momentarily on floor and lifted again immediately again is called ________.


A. touch C. pivot
B. step D. tap

13. The free foot is drawn toward the foot which supports the body weight by pressing the toes against the floor as the close is made is called _________.


A. bow C. brush
B. draw D. cut

14. Subli is a dance honoring the wooden cross. It originates from _______.


A. Bohol C. Cavite
B. Batangas D. Mindoro

15. It is a dance among the Apayaos imitating the high – flying bird and is called ________.


A. Bendian C. Say - yam
B. Pattong D. Turayen

16. Who are called “Peacocks of the mountain”?


A. Bontocs C. Kalingas
B. Benguets D. Apayaos
17. Which is a dance among the Maranaos which displays the women’s simplicity and elegant walk with the use of beautifully decorated umbrellas?
A. Sagayan C. Pag-aper
B. Kapamalong D. Kakulangan

18. This is Palawan’s famous ceremonial rite of healing the sick, imploring and thanksgiving for a good and bountiful harvest. Its name is _______.


A. Pagdidiwata C. Binaylan
B. Blit-Blaan D. Sohten

19. Which of the following folk dances are classified as ceremonial dances?


1. Dugso
2. Putong
3. Pandang-Pandang
4. Daling-Daling

A. 1 and 2 C. 3 only


B. 3 and 4 D. 4 only

20. The National Artist in dance who is also known as the Mother of Folk Dance is ______.


A. Lucrecia Urtula C. Leonor Orosa Goquingco
B. Corazon Iñigo D. Francisca Reyes Aquino

21. Which steps have the same time signature?


A. polka and redoba C. kuradang and contraganza
B. change step and waltz balance D. espunti and sangig

Read the paragraph below and answer the questions that follow.


You are teaching a unit of folk dance to your first year students. They will be learning the dance Subli. Answer the following questions that will help your class understand thoroughly the nature and characteristics of the dance.


22. What is the sociological context of the dance?


A. Subli is a festival dance from Quezon.
B. The dance comes from two tagalog words “sumubsob” at “bumali”.
C. It is a dance in honor of the Mahal na Poong Sta. Krus.
D. The dance showcases the use of bamboo sticks.

23. What is the correct time signature of the music used in the dance?


A. 2/2 time signature C. ¾ time signature
B. 2/4 time signature D. 4/4 time signature

24. Which of the following steps are common to the dance?


A. Change step C. Mincing steps
B. Mazurka D. Polka steps

25. What are the basic arm movements used in the dance?


A. Bilao and Hayon-hayon C. Hapay and Salok
B. Sarok and Kewet D. Masiwak and Forearm turn



Part II-Analyzing Test Items


  1. A

  2. D

  3. D

  4. C

  5. B

  6. A

  7. C

  8. B

  9. D

  10. D

  11. C

  12. C

  13. B

  14. A

  15. C

  16. A

  17. A

  18. D

  19. D

  20. D

21.A
22.B
23.D
24.B
25.D

Part III- Enhancing Test Taking Skills


  1. C

  2. D

  3. C

  4. B

  5. B

  6. B

  7. D

  8. B

  9. A

  10. C

  11. B

  12. D

  13. B

  14. B

  15. D

  16. C

  17. D

  18. A

  19. A

  20. D

  21. D

  22. C

  23. B

  24. C

  25. A





Philippine Folk and Ethnic Dances
Prof. Lordinio A. Vergara



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