Bullying at age eight and criminality in adulthood: findings from the Finnish Nationwide 1981 Birth Cohort Study.
Sourander A, Brunstein Klomek A, Kumpulainen K, Puustjärvi A, Elonheimo H, Ristkari T, Tamminen T, Moilanen I, Piha J, Ronning JA.
Source
Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland. andre.sourander@utu.fi
Abstract CONTEXT:
There are no prospective population-based studies examining predictive associations between childhood bullying behavior and adult criminality.
OBJECTIVE:
To study predictive associations between bullying and victimization at age eight and adult criminal offenses.
DESIGN:
Nationwide birth cohort study from age 8 to 26 years.
PARTICIPANTS:
The sample consists of 5,351 Finnish children born in 1981 with information about bullying and victimization at age eight from parents, teachers, and the children themselves.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
National police register information about criminal offenses at age 23-26 years.
RESULTS:
When controlled for the parental education level and psychopathology score, bullying sometimes and frequently independently predicted violent (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.9-7.9, p < 0.001; OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.6-4.1, p < 0.001, respectively), property (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.7, p < 0.05; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.7, p < 0.05), and traffic (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.8-4.4, p < 0.001; OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-2.1, p < 0.001) offenses. The strongest predictive association was between bullying frequently and more than five crimes during the 4-year period (OR 6.6, 95% CI 2.8-15.3, p < 0.001) in adjusted analyses. When different informants were compared, teacher reports of bullying were the strongest predictor of adult criminality. In adjusted analyses, male victimization did not independently predict adult crime. Among girls, bullying or victimization at age eight were not associated with adult criminality.
CONCLUSIONS:
Bullying among boys signals an elevated risk of adult criminality.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2011 Dec;25(4):671-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00877.x. Epub 2011 Mar 1.
Children's experiences of a drama programme in social and emotional learning.
Joronen K, Häkämies A, Astedt-Kurki P.
Source
Department of Nursing Science, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. katja.joronen@uta.fi
Abstract
The aim of the school-based drama programme was to enhance child social and emotional learning. The programme was implemented by class teachers or teacher-school nurse dyads among fourth and fifth graders (10-12 years old) during the school year 2007-2008. Teachers and school nurses received training before the implementation. One hundred and four students participated. The purpose of the pilot study was to explore student experiences concerning the programme and the learning experiences. After the program, questionnaires with structured and open-ended questions were completed by 90 students (response rate 87%). Additionally, four focus group interviews were conducted. The research data were analysed statistically and by using qualitative data analysis. The quantitative results indicate that most students liked the programme and were enthusiastic about it. According to the qualitative data, students described, e.g. enhanced social and emotional learning and increased understanding of diversity and consequences of bullying. Additionally, drama transformed prosocial behaviour.
© 2011 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences © 2011 Nordic College of Caring Science.
Pediatrics. 2011 Dec;128(6):e1376-86. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-0118. Epub 2011 Nov 21.
National trends in exposure to and experiences of violence on the Internet among children.
Ybarra ML, Mitchell KJ, Korchmaros JD.
Source
Internet Solutions for Kids, Inc, San Clemente, CA 92672-6745, USA. michele@is4k.com
Abstract OBJECTIVE:
To examine rates of technology-based violent experiences (eg, bullying, harassment, unwanted sexual experiences [USEs] perpetration, and victimization) and exposures (eg, hate sites) from 2006 to 2008 among US children.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
One thousand five-hundred eighty-eight youth aged 10 to 15 years were surveyed nationally online in 2006, 2007 (76% follow-up rate), and 2008 (73% follow-up rate).
RESULTS:
All other things equal, rates of Internet-based violent exposures and experiences were stable. Of exception, harassment perpetration and exposure to violent cartoon sites reduced by 26% and 36% over the 2 year period (P < 0.05), respectively. In contrast, several rates of violent experiences via text messaging increased over time, specifically: harassment victimization (aOR = 1.6, p = 0.001) and perpetration (aOR = 1.4, p = 0.03), and USE victimization (aOR = 1.9, p = 0.02). Increases in bullying victimization were suggested (aOR = 1.5, p = 0.06). Text messaging USE perpetration did not significantly change, however. General technology use (i.e., intensity and frequency of Internet and text messaging) was consistently influential in explaining the odds of almost all violent experiences and exposures both online and via text messaging; as was age for many exposures and experiences online.
CONCLUSIONS:
Ongoing surveillance of text-messaging-based experiences is needed to understand trends as population usage rates begin to stabilize. General technology use is a predictive factor for almost all technology-based violent experiences and exposures. Age is also influential in explaining involvement in Internet-based experiences and exposures. Prevention programs should focus on reducing risk as youth age into later adolescence and to help heavy technology users manage their risk for violence involvement.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2011 Dec;46(4):423-9, v-vi. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2011.08.003. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
Share with your friends: |
