Radiocommunication Study Groups
bl)A3.3.4 Simulation results
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- A4.1 Measurement and modelling of path-loss in 72 GHz
bl)A3.3.4 Simulation resultsThe system-level simulations are carried out on the 72 GHz band and the corresponding results are shown in Figure AXX-4 and Table AXX-2. The detailed system parameters have been listed in Table AXX-1. In Figure AXX-4, “pico/cell” refers to the number of pico stations dropped per macro cell. In HetNet deployment, the proportion of UEs communicating with pico stations is also an essential factor in evaluating the overall system quality. Hence, the pico UE proportions in respective cases are provided in Table AXX-2. Figure Axx–4 Spectrum efficiency of systems with various pico densities 
Table Axx–2 Cell throughput comparison
Observed from Table AXX-2, a close to 95Gbps average throughput per macro cell can be achieved in a single pico station case. The overall throughput enables the spectrum efficiency of an average pico cell to reach 6.33bps/Hz. In terms of area throughput, the value becomes 1314.12Gbps/km2. When increasing the pico density in each macro cell, the throughput ascends almost linearly with the number of pico stations. In case of 3 pico stations/macro cell, the throughput can reach as high as 322.50Gbps, with an area throughput up to 4466.76Gbps/km2. Correspondingly, the spectrum efficiency in this case can rise above 7.1bps/Hz, as depicted in Figure AXX-4. The reason is that the pico UE proportion reduces when pico density increases. A denser environment causes a lower coverage. References[2] “Spatial channel model for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) simulations,” Tech. Rep., 3GPP 25.996. [3] 3GPP TR 36.814, v9.0.0, "Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects", March 2010. Abbreviations
ANNEX 4
Details of propagation channel modelling A4.1 Measurement and modelling of path-loss in 72 GHzThe measurement campaign for indoor deployment scenarios was conducted in a large dining hall. Both LOS and NLOS propagation condition were tested. The TX and RX locations are shown in Figure AYY-1. For LOS (Line-of-Sight) scenario measurement, two TX sites are chosen close to the top sides in order to get a maximum variable distance between TX and RX. For each TX position, the RX sites were chosen in line with the TX site with the randomly chosen distance. In NLOS (None Line-of-Sight) scenario measurement the TX site was chosen in one aisle of the room and the RX sites were chosen randomly at the NLOS area. Figure.AYY-1 Layout of measurement environment  
Measurement campaign was conducted with 33 LOS TX-RX positions combinations and 29 NLOS TX-RX positions combinations. Based on the measurement data acquired, the propagation path loss model was fitted base on the framework as follow.  ,
in which In Figure AYY-2, the model fitting result for E-Band LOS propagation path loss is provided. Based on different measurement sample sets, two different path loss models can be found. The strongest sample refers to the sample with strongest received power for each TX-RX position combination after beamsteering. It can represent the condition that TX and RX beams are perfectly matched in millimetric wave beamforming system. And the results for E-Band NLOS can be found in Figure AYY-3. A summary on the model parameters for different propagation condition can be found in table AYY-1. Figure.AYY-2 Model fitting for LOS prapagation channel 
Figure. AYY-3 Model fitting for NLOS prapagation channel 
Table AYY-1 Experimentally-derived path loss model parameters 
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. d0 is the reference distance. In this paper d0 was chosen as 1m.