Author: Keeling Rand
Abstract: Introduction Measles is one of the most communicable infectious diseases. Prior to immunisation, measles was a common childhood disease even in developed countries with over 90% of the population having been infected by age 20. In young and malnourished children measles may be fatal in between 5% and 10% of the cases and so is responsible for many deaths in the developing world. Figure 1 near here The prediction of measles epidemics and dynamics is undoubtedly very important from a public health view; however the understanding of measles has become a goal to many epidemiologists as it possesses complex dynamics, yet a very simple natural history and many plausible population models (Hamer ...
Artigos relacionados:
• How to Use GUST (GUST is an acronym for - Graphical User Interface
...in terms of agriculture, public health and ecology. Szymanski and Caraco [4] have developed a cellular automata for spatially explicit modeling of population dynamics and epidemics. A software package named... /...study of spatial and temporal aspects of multi-species biological systems is central to ecology. Epidemics have special significance in terms of agriculture, public health and ecology. Szymanski and...
• Noise-induced memory in extended excitable systems - Dante Chialvo
... of excitable model one uses. To show the essence of the main point we adapt the Greenberg-Hastings cellular automata model [4] of excitable media [7]. For the purpose of this report let restrict ourselves to the... /...models have been used, as is the case for models of forest-fire propagation, spreading of epidemics and noise-induced waves. [3] From the outset, it needs to be noted that the phenomena to be...
• Dyad Models for Childhood Epidemics - Keeling Rand
...and its neighbours probabilistically determines the state of the site at the next iteration (cf cellular automata only here there is far greater flexibility in the number of neighbouring sites). The standard... /...Models for Childhood Epidemics M. J. Keeling 1 , D. A. Rand 2 and A. Morris 2 1. Zoology Department, Downing Street,...
• Directed Percolation with a Wall or Edge - Frojdhy Martin
...such as epidemics, chemical reactions [4, 5], catalysis [6], the contact process [7], and certain cellular automata [8, 9]. Since all of these physical systems contain boundaries, an understanding of surface... /...of phase transitions from non-trivial active into absorbing states [3] in processes such as epidemics, chemical reactions [4, 5], catalysis [6], the contact process [7], and certain cellular automata ...
• Heterogeneity of mixing and spatio-temporal models: advances and.. - Bolker (1997)
• (americanus) population density cycle, and its associated lynx - Lynx Canadensis Cycle
• Chaos with Confidence: Asymptotics and Applications of.. - Bailey, Ellner, Nychka (1997)
• The geographic spread of influenza - Eric Bonabeau
• Reprojecting Partially Observed Systems with Application to.. - Gallant, Tauchen (1996)
• A spatial mechanism for the evolution and maintenance of.. - Keeling, Rand (1995)
• Spatila Heterogeneity And The Maintenance Of Sex - Keeling And
• A Central Limit Theorem for Local Lyapunov Exponents - Barbara Bailey
• Characteristic Length Scales of Spatial Models in Ecology via.. - Keeling Mezi
• Comments on Calibration - Ronald Gallant Department
• Mathematical Analysis of Activation Thresholds in.. - Proteases Protease
• Invasion, Stability and Evolution to Criticality in.. - Rand, Keeling, Wilson
• Spatial Correlations and Local Fluctuations in Host Parasite - Keeling And Rand (1995)
• Exact solution of site and bond percolation on small-world.. - Moore, Newman
Voltar
3.3.3) Migração de Animais
In landscape ecology, computer models are developed to simulate the migration of animal groups, as they exist in nature. Typically, these models are sequential, and the animal groups move and forage in sequence. Computer models can be used to study responses of ungulates to environmental heterogeneity (Turner et al, 1994). Models from landscape ecology, in particular, attempt to simulate interactions between animal and vegetation.
Bibliografia:
Fonte: http://citeseer.nj.nec.com
Referências Principais:
Title: Parallel Models of Animal Migration in Northern Yellowstone
Author: Ember Uziel (1995)
Abstract: this paper, a parallel animal migration model (pnoyelp) was implemented on the Thinking Machines CM-5. Results were very promising with reasonable speed improvements over a previous sequential model (noyelp) and with acceptable semiannual energy gain statistics. Modifications to the pnoyelp model using more assumptions of the original sequential model is possible, of course. However, such additions to the model could impair the speed improvements realized in the current
Artigos relacionados:
• Parallelization of the Hoshen-Kopelman Algorithm Using a.. - Michael Berry
• A Distributed Implementation of the Land-Use Change Analysis.. - Hazen (1995)
• SYMPAL: a software environment for implicit concurrent.. - Yariv Aridor Shimon
• Data-Parallel Implementations of Map Analysis and Animal.. - Master Of
• BURN: A Simulation of Forest Fire Propagation - Marshall Veach
• The Design of the Land-Use Change Analysis System (LUCAS).. - Hazen, Berry (1995)
• Mining Scientific Data - Ramakrishnan, Grama
• The Land-Use Change Analysis System (LUCAS) for Evaluating.. - Michael Berry
• A Real-Time Foveated Sensor with Overlapping Receptive Fields - Marc Bolduc Martin (1996)
• Design and Implementation of a Pipelined Virtual Computer - Eric Kasten
• On-line Reorganization of Data in Scalable Continuous.. - Shahram Ghandeharizadeh (1996)
• Communication Mechanisms In Shared Memory Multiprocessors - Byrd (1998)
• Static Scheduling Algorithms for Allocating Directed Task.. - Yu-Kwong Kwok And
• Bus Utilization Analysis Of Multithreaded Shared-Bus.. - Roberto Giorgi..
• Design Parameters For Distributed PIM Memory Systems - Murphy (2000)
• A Three-Slot Asynchronous Reader/Writer Mechanism for.. - Jing Chen (1997)
• The execution times for the I-, P-, and B-frames are as f.. - Frame Frame
• A Scalable Optical Hypercube-based Interconnection Network for.. - Louri, al. (1994)
• Communication Latency Hiding -- Model and. . . - Strumpen (1994)
Voltar
3.4) Problemas de Tráfego e similares
• O Problema de Tráfego
Modelagem utilizando autômatos celulares.
Para realizar rápidas simulações microscópicas de tráfego, utilizamos um modelo muito restrito de dinâmica de carros. A rua é dividida em celas de 7.5m cada, e toda cela pode estar ocupada (há um carro) ou vazia. Cada carro tem um número muito limitado de informações associado, o mais importante deles é a sua velocidade que pode variar entre inteiros de zero a seis. O sistema é atualizado em passos discretos onde cada passo de tempo corresponde a um segundo. O fato, de tudo ser discreto (tempo, espaço e estado) define o modelo como um autômato celular. (Para maiores informações e exemplos de simulação de CA em geral, veja os vínculos).
Para completar, temos que especificar as regras dos autômatos celulares. Eles são orientados junto com uma descrição mais complicada da dinâmica do carro. Porém, as regras implementadas são um tipo de caricaturas dessas descrições mais complicadas para adquirir um comportamento macroscópico desejado, e não implementar a dinâmica microscópica tão fiel quanto possível.
As regras atualizadas são modeladas de acordo com as seguintes exigências:
_carros sempre querem dirigir com a velocidade máxima deles (Vmax)
_eles não querem nenhuma colisão
Para isto, quatro regras são atualizadas em paralelo: Denote como intervalo o número de locais vazios à frente, então o estado do sistema é atualizado como:
(1) se ((v
(2) elseif (v> Gap) v = Gap
(3) se ((fortuito ()
0)) v = v - 1
(4) xnew = xold + v
A regra (3) torna este modelo um modelo estocástico de autômato celular, a estocasticidade é incluída por duas razões. Em primeiro lugar, o comportamento de direção humano nunca é muito estático ou deterministico. A regra (3) é uma suposição que lida com este tipo de estocasticidade. Secundariamente, é bem conhecido das simulações numéricas de tais modelos que regras de atualização paralelas sem estocasticidade conduzem a certas degenerações.
No site http://alife.santafe.edu/alife/topics/canonicamente/caweb há uma pequena simulação que mostra as linhas de tempo espaço geradas pelo modelo definido acima com uns 100 carros no sistema, o que é bem parecido com o que pode ser visto de uma fotografia aérea de um pedaço de rua.
Um modelo bem parecido com este, utilizado em ciência de tráfico é o modelo de Gipps. Maiores detalhes sobre ele e a comparação dos modelos pode ser encontrada em http://www.zpr.uni-koeln.de/GroupBachem/Verkehr.pg/brake.ps
Este modelo muito simples em seus vários descendentes conduz a resultados macroscópicos muito realistas. Um exemplo é mostrado abaixo, onde temos plotado o fluxo de carros por segundo como função da densidade de carros. Este enredo mostra a forma típica: para fluxos pequenos nós temos fluxo que aumenta com densidade, enquanto para valores de fluxo grandes o fluxo diminui com densidade até que alcança zero para a densidade máxima.
Fonte: Citeseer: http://citeseer.nj.nec.com
Artigos:
• Discrete Stochastic Models For Traffic Flow - Schreckenberg, Schadschneider, .. (1994)
... publications dealing with traffic flow in the framework of statistical mechanics, especially using cellular automata [1,2, 15-17]. In most of these works two-dimensional traffic has been studied which corresponds... /... MATHEMATIK UND INFORMATIK UNIVERSIT AT ZU K OLN Report No. 94.172 DISCRETE STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR TRAFFIC FLOW by Michael Schreckenberg, Andreas Schadschneider, Kai Nagel, and Nobuyasu Ito 1994 ...
• Traffic Simulations Using Cellular Automata: Comparison With.. - Wagner (1995)
...Mathematik und Informatik Universit at zu K oln Report No. 95.214 TRAFFIC SIMULATIONS USING CELLULAR AUTOMATA: COMPARISON WITH REALITY by P. WAGNER 1995 Traffic and Granular Flow 1995, Conference... /...Mathematik und Informatik Universit at zu K oln Report No. 95.214 TRAFFIC SIMULATIONS USING CELLULAR AUTOMATA: COMPARISON WITH REALITY by P. WAGNER 1995 Traffic and...
• Cellular automata model of car traffic in a.. - Chopard, Luthi, Queloz (1996)
...1 Cellular automata model of car traffic in a two-dimensional street network 1 B Chopard, P O Luthi and P-A Queloz ... /...Cellular automata model of car traffic in a two-dimensional street network 1 B Chopard, P O Luthi and P-A Queloz D'epartement...
• Realistic Multi-Lane Traffic Rules for Cellular Automata - Wagner, Nagel, Wolf (1996)
...und Informatik Universit at zu K oln Report No. 96.238 Realistic Multi-Lane Traffic Rules for Cellular Automata by Peter Wagner 1 , Kai Nagel & Dietrich E. Wolf 1996 Submitted to Physica A 1 supported by... /...Mathematik und Informatik Universit at zu K oln Report No. 96.238 Realistic Multi-Lane Traffic Rules for Cellular Automata by Peter Wagner 1 , Kai Nagel & Dietrich E. Wolf 1996 Submitted to ...
• A Parallel Cellular Tool for Interactive Modeling and .. - Di Gregorio, Rongo.. (1995)
...1995 Abstract In this paper we describe CAMEL, an interactive parallel environment based on the cellular automata theory. CAMEL is a tool designed to support the development of high performance applications in... /...paper presents a set of applications in significant areas such as lava flow, landslides, freeway traffic, image processing, and genetic algorithms where CAMEL has been successfully utilized to solve...
• CARPET: A Programming Language for Parallel Cellular.. - Giandomenico Spezzano (1996)
...Italy Abstract In this paper we describe CARPET, a parallel programming language based on the cellular automata model. CARPET is the language used for programming cellular algorithms in the CAMEL environment.... /...and chemical phenomena to the modelling of engineering problems in many fields such as road traffic, image processing, and science of materials. Parallel computers represent the most natural...
• Two Lane Traffic Simulations using Cellular Automata - Rickert, Nagel.. (1995)
...und Informatik Universit at zu K oln Report No. 95.213 Two Lane Traffic Simulations using Cellular Automata by M. Rickert abe , K. Nagel be , M. Schreckenberg c , A. Latour d 1995 To be... /...Mathematik und Informatik Universit at zu K oln Report No. 95.213 Two Lane Traffic Simulations using Cellular Automata by M. Rickert abe , K. Nagel be , M. Schreckenberg ...
• The Swarm Simulation System and Individual-based Modeling - David Hiebeler (1994)
... Artificial intelligence applications[3]. ffl General studies of complex systems, artificial life, cellular automata, emergent phenomena, etc. Simple versions of several of the above kinds of systems have already... /...other actions [19, 8]. ffl Molecules interacting in an artificial chemistry[5, 6, 7]. ffl Traffic simulation[18, 15]. ffl Ecological simulations[10, 4, 14, 17, 16]. ffl Simulation games such as ...
• Cellular Automata As A Computational Model For Low-Level.. - Alberto Broggi Vincenzo (1993)
...of Modern Physics C, Vol. 0, No. 0 (1992) 000-000 c fl World Scientific Publishing Company CELLULAR AUTOMATA AS A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL FOR LOW-LEVEL VISION ALBERTO BROGGI, VINCENZO D'ANDREA and GIULIO ... /...feature extraction is discussed. 1. Introduction The PROMETHEUS 1 project goal of increasing traffic safety can be obtained increasing the quality of information provided to the car driver. To this...
• Traffic Control Specifications Using Discrete Events.. - Gabriel Wainer Alejandra
...to measure the consequences of collisions or men at work, to avoid pollution, traffic jams, etc. Cellular Automata have been widely used to describe these real systems (Davidson et al. 1999). The paradigm defines ... /...This work was partially supported by ANPCYT Project 11-04460 and UBACYT Project JW10. TRAFFIC CONTROL SPECIFICATIONS USING DISCRETE EVENTS CELLULAR MODELS Gabriel A. Wainer Alejandra...
• A Stochastic Model of Platoon Formation in Traffic Flow - Galstyan And Lerman
...simulations and/or different phenomenological approaches. A number of microscopic models, such as cellular automata, particlehoping, car-following, have been proposed (for a review see Ref[1] and references... /...Stochastic Model of Platoon Formation in Traffic Flow A. Galstyan and K. Lerman Information Sciences Institute Univ. of Southern California...
• Timed Cell-DEVS: modelling and simulation of cell spaces - Gabriel Wainer And (2001)
...Cell-DEVS: modelling and simulation of cell spaces GABRIEL WAINER AND NORBERT GIAMBIASI DEVS and Cellular Automata formalisms are applied to define a modelling paradigm for cellular models. Different delay... /... recent years, a wide number of artificial systems has become commonplace (i.e., computer networks, traffic controllers, flexible manufacturing plants, embedded applications, etc.). The development cost of ...
• Spatial and Cognitive Simulation with Multi-agent Systems - Andrew Frank Steffen
...aspects of human spatial behavior [20, 27]. Most examples of spatial simulations are based on cellular automata agent-based simulations, which include cognitive aspects, do typically not include the spatial... /...for actions. Spatial and cognitive multi-agent simulations as described here are rather novel. Traffic models often use a multi-agent paradigm (for a list of projects see www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/agent.htm) ...
• Traffic Jams - Burkhard Militzer May
... fluid dynamics theory, a approach based on the dynamics of individual vehicles and a model using a cellular automata. The latter model will be used to study to flow in two dimensions representing the traffic in a... /...direction is space and the vertical time. Only the position of cars in jams are shown. 4 Cellular Automata Cellular Automata have the advantage of modeling the traffic flow on the microscopic scale of individual... /...Traffic Jams Burkhard Militzer May 5, 1998 Abstract The flow of vehicular traffic has been studied in...
• Variational principles in the analysis of traffic flows.. - Michael Blank Russian
...further references). All these models were based on the idea to describe the dynamics in terms of cellular automata and to a large extent were studied by means of numerical simulation (especially because of low... /...principles in the analysis of traffic flows. (Why it is worth to go against the flow.) Michael Blank Russian Ac. of Sci., Inst. for...
• Cellular Automata and Lattice Boltzmann Techniques: An.. - Chopard, Luthi, Masselot (1998)
...Cellular Automata and Lattice Boltzmann Techniques: An Approach to Model and Simulate Complex Systems Bastien...
• A Multi-Agent Cellular Automata System for.. - Dijkstra.. (2000)
...Multi-Agent Cellular Automata System for Visualising Simulated Pedestrian Activity J. Dijkstra, H.J.P. Timmermans and A.J.... /...CA models have been used to model transportation systems. For instance, CA models for road traffic have received a great deal of interest during the 1990s. A road traffic CA model seemed suitable...
• Real-Time Traffic Simulation of the German Autobahn Network - Rickert, Wagner, Gawron (1996)
...high-end parallel computer architectures in conjunction with high-speed physical methods (e.g. cellular automata) deliver the computational performance necessary to tackle these problems. This work is part of... /Traffic Simulation of the German Autobahn Network M. Rickert ab , P.Wagner a , Ch. Gawron a…
• Cell-Devs Models With Transport And Inertial Delays - Gabriel Wainer Gabrielw (1997)
...new paradigms for complex modeling are presented. The new formalisms are based on the DEVS and Cellular Automata formalisms. To reduce the complexity of the models, Inertial Delays and Transport Delays... /...described as cell spaces (i.e., fire propagation in a wood, behavior of fishes in the sea, urban traffic, ecological systems, etc.). In this work new paradigms for complex modeling are presented. The...
• A specification language for traffic modeling and simulation - Alejandra Davidson Gabriel
... solve, instead of being in charge of defining a complex simulation system. Keywords: DEVS models, Cellular Automata, CellDEVS models, traffic simulation. 1. INTRODUCTION The traffic control is an important area... /...specification language for traffic modeling and simulation Alejandra Davidson Gabriel Wainer {ad3n,gabrielw}@dc.uba.ar ...
• Opinion formation model with strong leader and external .. - Krzysztof Kacperski..
... We study a model of opinion formation based on the theory of social impact and the concept of cellular automata. The case is considered when two strong agents influence the group: a strong leader and an... /...natural sciences and includes problems from sociology or economy, like e.g. pedestrian motion and traffic [6], migrations [7,8], financial crashes [9]. Another important subject of this kind is the...
• Investigation of Density and Flow Relationships in.. - Thomas Ioerger John
...on queuing theory [1], kinematic wave theory [2], kinetic theory [3], higher-order models [4], cellular automata [5], and car-following models [6], among others. These models, particularly the kinematic-wave... /... explore empirical answers to these questions by examining a representative dataset. THE MULHOLLAND TRAFFIC DATASET In this section, we describe the dataset used in our empirical analyses of trac...
• Cellular Automata for Traffic Flow Modeling - Benjaafar, Dooley, Setyawan
...Cellular Automata for Traffic Flow Modeling Saifallah Benjaafar, Kevin Dooley and Wibowo Setyawan Department of... /...Automata for Traffic Flow Modeling Saifallah Benjaafar, Kevin Dooley and Wibowo Setyawan Department of Mechanical...
• Investigation of the dynamical structure factor of the.. - Lubeck Roters And (1998)
...velocity of the model. 1 Introduction In 1992 Nagel and Schreckenberg [1] introduced a simple cellular automata model, which simulates single-lane one-way traffic, in order to study the transition from free... /... Investigation of the dynamical structure factor of the Nagel-Schreckenberg traffic flow model S. Lubeck, L. Roters, and K. D. Usadel Theoretische Physik,...
• Online Traffic Simulation with Cellular Automata - Barlovic, Esser, Froese..
...Traffic Simulation with Cellular Automata R. Barlovic, J. Esser, K. Froese, W. Knospe, L. Neubert, M. Schreckenberg, and J. Wahle Physik... /...Traffic Simulation with Cellular Automata R. Barlovic, J. Esser, K. Froese, W. Knospe, L. Neubert, M....
• Outflow from traffic jam in a nondeterministic two lanes system - Rickert (1995)
...interactions of the two lanes. e-mail: mr@mi.uni-koeln.de 1 1 Introduction In recent times cellular automata based simulations of traffic flow have gained considerable importance. By extending the range of... /...from traffic jam in a nondeterministic two lanes system Marcus Rickert April 20, 1995 Abstract Vehicles...
• Physical Modeling of Traffic with Stochastic Cellular Automata - Schreckenberg, Nagel (1995)
...for public release distribution is unlimited Physical Modeling of Traffic with Stochastic Cellular Automata Authors: M. Schreckenberg, K. Nagel LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY Los Alamos National... /...95-2160 Approved for public release distribution is unlimited Physical Modeling of Traffic with Stochastic Cellular Automata Authors: M. Schreckenberg, K. Nagel LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL...
• Driver Strategy and Traffic System Performance - Kelly (1996)
...All cars' positions and velocities are represented as real numbers, not discrete values as in cellular automata or "particle hopping" models (e.g., [7]). See [3] for more information on the driving logic and... /...Strategy and Traffic System Performance Terence Kelly Department of Computer Science Princeton
• Three Categories Of Traffic Data: Historical.. - Chrobok, Kaumann, ..
...algorithm for reliable trac forecasts is discussed. Keywords: Statistical analysis, Heuristics, Cellular Automata, Trac Control, Simulator, Forecasts, Information analysis, Real-time systems 1. INTRODUCTION... /...CATEGORIES OF TRAFFIC DATA: HISTORICAL, CURRENT, AND PREDICTIVE Roland Chrobok 1 Oliver Kaumann 1 Joachim Wahle 1 ...
• A Cellular Automaton Traffic Flow Model for Online .. - Wahle, Neubert.. (1999)
...investigations the road network of Duisburg served as study area. Key words: online simulation, cellular automata, trac ow, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) 1 Introduction In modern societies the demand ... /...these elements it is possible to design the complete 6 Controller CA microsimulation Network Traffic lights Online connection with data interface Visualisation (flux, density, type of vehicles,...
• Modeling and simulation of traffic flow - Wahle, Neubert, Schreckenberg (1999)
...expanded to describe multilane traffic and more complex road networks of cities [15,16]. Since cellular automata are by definition very efficient for large scale computer simulations, the Nagel-Schreckenberg... /...Communications 121-122 (1999) 402-405 www.elsevier.nl/locate/cpc Modeling and simulation of traffic flow J. Wahle 1 , L. Neubert, M. Schreckenberg Physik von Transport und Verkehr,...
• Modeling Freeway Traffic with Coupled HMMs - Kwon, Murphy
...location 6 (which corresponds to the dark blob in Figure 1) is probably due to a sensor failure. cellular automata, and microscopic computer simulations. But all of these approaches have limitations, particularly ... /...Freeway Traffic with Coupled HMMs Jaimyoung Kwon Department of Statistics University of California Berkeley, CA...
• Parallel Simulation Of Traffic In Geneva Using Cellular Automata - Dupuis, Chopard
...SIMULATION OF TRAFFIC IN GENEVA USING CELLULAR AUTOMATA ALEXANDRE DUPUIS AND BASTIEN CHOPARD Abstract. Road traffic microsimulations based on the... /...SIMULATION OF TRAFFIC IN GENEVA USING CELLULAR AUTOMATA ALEXANDRE DUPUIS AND BASTIEN CHOPARD Abstract. Road traffic...
• Spatio-temporal organization of vehicles in a cellular.. - Debashish Chowdhury..
...v2 19 May 1999 Spatio-temporal organization of vehicles in a cellular automata model of traffic with 'slow-to-start' rule Debashish Chowdhury y , Ludger Santen y , Andreas ... /...v2 19 May 1999 Spatio-temporal organization of vehicles in a cellular automata model of traffic with 'slow-to-start' rule Debashish Chowdhury y , Ludger Santen y , Andreas Schadschneider ...
• Disorder effects in cellular automata for two-lane.. - Knospe, Santen.. (1999)
...A 265 (1999) 614-633 Disorder eects in cellular automata for two-lane trac Wolfgang Knospe a , Ludger Santen b , Andreas Schadschneider b ,... /...J. Zittartz, R. Barlovic, W. Knospe, M. Schreckenberg, in preparation. ftp://www.traffic.uni-duisburg.de/pub/paper/disorder.ps.gz...
• Traffic flow models with 'slow-to-start' rules - Schadschneider, Schreckenberg (1999)
...in one of these models we find a new phase transition to a completely jammed state. Keywords: Cellular automata, traffic flow, improved mean-field theories 1 1 Introduction The investigation of traffic flow ... /...11 Sep 1997 Traffic flow models with 'slow-to-start' rules Andreas Schadschneider 1 and Michael Schreckenberg 2 1 ...
• Microscopic Simulation Of Urban Traffic Based On Cellular.. - Esser, Schreckenberg (1997)
...1025-1036 c World Scientic Publishing Company MICROSCOPIC SIMULATION OF URBAN TRAFFIC BASED ON CELLULAR AUTOMATA J. ESSER and M. SCHRECKENBERG Fachbereich 10/Physik-Technologie... /...8, No. 5 (1997) 1025-1036 c World Scientic Publishing Company MICROSCOPIC SIMULATION OF URBAN TRAFFIC BASED ON CELLULAR AUTOMATA J. ESSER and M. SCHRECKENBERG Fachbereich 10/Physik-Technologie...
• A lattice gas model for erosion and particles transport in .. - Bastien Chopard Alexandre
...is described by a standard lattice Boltzmann model and the granular suspension by a multiparticle cellular automata. A good agreement is obtained between the predictions of the model and field measurements, as... /... in over-accumulations of snow which may trigger avalanches, or may produce snowdrifts which hinder traffic on important roads. Placing appropriate artificial obstacles, such as fences, at well chosen...
• Traffic Models of a 2D road network - Chopard, Queloz, Luthi (1995)
...models and their implementation on a Connection Machine CM-200. The first approach is based on a cellular automata rule and allows north, east, west and south car motions. Road junctions are represented in a... /...Traffic Models of a 2D road network 1 Bastien Chopard, Pierre-Antoine Queloz and Pascal O. Luthi ...
• Mathematical Models for Vehicular Traffic - Klar, Kühne, Wegener (1996)
...Section 3 contains a description of the most common microscopic models like car following and cellular automata models, the latter being already similar to very simple kinetic models. In Section 4 macroscopic... /...Models for Vehicular Traffic Axel Klar, Kaiserslautern, Reinhart D. Kuhne, Stuttgart and Raimund Wegener, Kaiserslautern...
• Analyzing Traffic Flow By A Cellular Automaton - Emmerich Rank
...cells are arranged on a line modelling traffic flow in one direction only. The basic concept of cellular automata is to iterate discrete states of a cell system in discrete timesteps with each new cell state... /...TRAFFIC FLOW BY A CELLULAR AUTOMATON H. EMMERICH, E. RANK University of Dortmund, Fakultat...
• High performance scientific computing by a.. - Di Gregorio.. (1997)
...paper describes CAMEL, a parallel environment for designing scientific applications based on the cellular automata mathematical model. CAMEL is an interactive environment designed to support the development of... /...and chemical phenomena to the modelling of engineering problems in many fields such as road traffic, image processing, and science of materials. Parallel computers represent the most natural...
• Self-Organization and Evolution on Large Computer Data.. - Joaquim Gabarro
...local rule modifies just few closely related nodes. Under these rules the tree behaves like a big cellular automata. Moreover, when some part of the tree becomes too stressed (contains too much information in a... /...Pratt [5] word processing or the work of M. Takayasu, H. Takayasu and T. Sato [14] on information traffic. However the possibility to study large data sets with the methods of self-organized criticality...
• Cellular Automata + Parallel Computing = Computational Simulation - Talia
...Cellular Automata Parallel Computing Computational Simulation Domenico Talia ISI-CNR c/o DEIS, Universit... /...are successfully used in fluid dynamics, molecular dynamics, biology, genetic, chemistry, road traffic flow, cryptography, image processing, environment modeling, and finance. This paper describes in...
• The Parallel Program Development Environment CDL/ACL.. - Hochberger.. (1997)
...we will explain on which target architectures this software environment can be used. Keywords: Cellular Automata, Parallel Program Development, Program Skeletons, Programming Languages 1 Introduction 1.1... /...soil contamination, crystal growth, reaction diffusion systems, etc. Macroscopic simulation: traffic simulation, forest fire simulation, acoustic simulation, etc. In addition to simulations it is...
• Density fluctuations and phase separation in a traffic flow.. - Lubeck Schreckenberg
...in real traffic (for an overview see [2]). Recently, a new class of models, based on the idea of cellular automata, has been proven to describe traffic dynamics in a very efficient way [3]. Especially the... /... Density fluctuations and phase separation in a traffic flow model S. Lubeck, M. Schreckenberg, and K. D. Usadel Theoretische Physik,...
Voltar
4) Autômatos Celulares dentro da Física
It appears that the basic laws of physics relevant to everyday phenomena are now known. Yet there are many everyday natural systems whose complex structure and behavior have so far defied even qualitative analysis. For example, the laws that govern the freezing of water and the conduction of heat have long been known, but analyzing their consequences for the intricate patterns of snowflake growth has not yet been possible. While many complex systems may be broken down into identical components, each beying simple laws, the huge number of components that make up the whole system act together to yield very complex behavior.
In some cases this complex behavior may be simulated numerically with just a few components. But in most cases the simulation requires too many components, and this direct approach fails. One must instead attempt to distill the mathematical essence of the process by which complex behavior is generated. The hope in such an approach is to identify fundamental mathematical mechanisms that are common to many different natural systems. Such commonality would correspond to universal features in the behavior of very different complex natural systems.
To discover and analyze the mathematical basis for the generation of complexity, one must identify simple mathematical systems that capture the essence of the process. Cellular automata are a candidate class of such systems. Cellular automata promise to provide mathematical models for a wide variety of complex phenomena, from turbulence in fluids to patterns in biological growth. The general features of their behavior discussed here should form a basis for future detailed studies of such specific systems.
Bibliografia:
Fonte: www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/~aschatt/info/ca/ca.html
Share with your friends: |
