Student Researchers’ Abstracts College of Business

College of Technology

Design of an Interactive Graphics Framework to Instruct Students on Computer Architecture and Hardware

Mentor(s): Magesh Chandramouli

Graduate

Oral Presentation

The increasing complexity and voluminous changes in the field of computer architecture has made it outlandish for faculty to teach the course and make the students effectively understand. Computer architecture requires clear-cut implementation due to the fact that computer architecture course plays an important role in the computer science curriculum and also computers have massive use in today’s educational system. Students need to master computer architecture also for the sake of structuring a program so that it executes more efficiently on a real machine. In choosing a system to use, they must be able to interpret the trade-off among different peripherals, such as size of memory vs. clock speed of CPU. The purpose of this paper is to describe the application and fundamentals of a web-based virtual 3D graphics simulation framework to assist undergraduate students of engineering and technology to learn computer architecture and to practice troubleshooting techniques. The system helps students to virtually visualize internal peripherals of a computer and troubleshoot it to examine results immediately making the course interesting, fun and easily understandable which a conventional text document may not do so.

RFID Signal Penetration through Particulate Solids

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Oral Presentation

Radio frequency identification technology is an automatic identification wireless communication technology that integrates physical objects with the digital data. It is dominantly becoming accepted in supply chain management, which includes all processes in the flow of goods to customers from manufacturing, which consists of manufacturing, distribution and transportation. This research paper focuses on the readability of RFID penetration in different particulate solid products with varying particle sizes. In addition simulation during transportation is performed on a conveyor belt at different speeds. Variable factors in this experiment were different types of particulate solids of different particle sizes, packing density, and tag position. Data are analyzed using NK Factorial design to observe the significance of the main factors.

A Hyperbolic-parabolic Mathematical Model for Chemotaxis

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Oral Presentation

Positive chemotaxis by an organism/cell is directed movement towards a chemoattractant in response to the presence of a concentration gradient of the favorable substrate. Positive chemotaxis can be modeled and models could be used for studying various applications such as embryonic pattern forming processes, cell colonization & neutral crest migration, inflammatory response of leukocytes, the chemotactic aggregation of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease, tumor-induced angiogenesis and spatial ecological processes. In this study, we present a new model for expounding on the chemotactic behavior exhibited by a myriad of cells. Together with chemoattraction, the chemotaxis is modeled using other phenomena that contribute to the displacement of a cell, such as convection and diffusion. With the mathematical model being based on the representation of hyperbolic partial differential equations, which represent traveling waves, we perform the simulation of linear & non-linear convection and diffusion independently via various numerical experiments. These convection-diffusion equations constitute a set of partial differential equations. The solutions of these partial differential equations involve the process of grid generation and discretization of the equations to feed them to the digital computers, together with appropriate numerical algorithms for solving the discretized equations. The discretization methods and numerical algorithms to solve the partial differential equations are part of the subject matter of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and therefore we adopt the CFD techniques in this work for the chemotactic simulations. Finally, combining all terms (convection, diffusion, source term and chemoattraction), we develop hyperbolic-parabolic model for chemotaxis, improving upon the Keller-Segel Model for chemotaxis, and consequently perform numerical simulations based on the model.

Establishment of Electric Engines Cars (Plug in- Hybrid) in Saudi Arabia

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Poster Presentation

Automotive dealerships in Saudi Arabia do not offer and support hybrid or electric automobiles. This could affect negatively on the Saudi Arabian environment and economics. Saudi Arabia should be addressing this issue due to the unsustainable generation of energy from fossil fuels. It is time that fossil fuel resources need to be managed to extend the usage. There are over 19 countries around the world that support and accept electric hybrid cars, for example America, China, Japan, all countries in Europe. Saudi Arabia has a population over 27 million and considered as an economically prosperous country with high level of crude oil reserves. The reserves are finite and to be responsible citizens of the planet earth, Saudi Arabia needs to reduce usage and utilize efficient refining technology. This research study will discuss the reasons why Saudi Arabia is not supporting the green effort by offering electric and hybrid automobiles. Could changes in government policies and incentives encourage the usage of electric and hybrid automobiles? What will be the reaction of people in this oil rich country for such a cultural change? What will be the future market for such automobiles if a shift in public opinion materializes? What will be the performance of electric and hybrid vehicles in hostile environments as far as temperature is concerned?

Recycling Wind Turbine Blades

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Poster Presentation

In this modern era of innovative technology and research into alternate sources of energy, wind energy is one of the common areas in which manufacturers have begun creating an impact. Wind turbines generate electricity used to power residential and commercial establishments. Manufacturers have to keep up with the increasing dependency on wind energy. The wind turbine blades are one of the most important components of the turbine. They undergo a lot of wear and tear during their life span of 20-25 years.

Whilst expansion into the wind energy sector is sustainable, it poses a challenge for controlling the waste generated during and after the turbine’s decommissioning. Over the last decade, expansion in the wind energy sector has increased from 1 to 27 countries with electricity generation capacity increasing by 30% overall. Some studies have shown that the turbine blades are made up of composite materials, the most common being glass, carbon or fiber reinforcements. Currently, the composite materials have to undergo either heat or mechanical treatment in order to be recycled. The turbine blades are sometimes placed in landfills due to the minimal legislation regarding efficient recycling/disposal of the blades.

This research presentation focuses on more efficient and sustainable methods of turbine blade recycling. One of the main issues that arise is the sheer volume of blades that need to be recycled and how the waste management processes associated with this is currently being conducted. A comprehensive breakdown of current and future methods of turbine blade recycling and disposal that affect the ecology, economy and society will be discussed in this presentation. This will also provide a brief insight to reducing the carbon footprint created by the growing waste of decommissioned turbine blades.

Wind Turbine as a Supplementary Energy Source for Purdue Calumet Campus

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Poster Presentation

There are several sources of renewable energy such as wind, solar, geothermal etc. which can contribute a significant amount to our energy demand. Wind power is a low-cost, clean, sustainable and domestic energy source and over the past several years there has been significant growth and technological improvement. As of June 2014, world wind power generation has reached 336 GW and contributing around 4% of the demand. Wind energy generation capacity is growing rapidly and has a potential future. China is growing rapidly in wind energy and has reached 98 GW, taking the leading position in installed wind power generation capacity. As of 2014, United States has 61 GW of wind energy capacity and sowing strong sign of growth. An institution like Purdue University Calumet (PUC) require a considerable amount of electrical energy to operate which ultimately contribute to its operating cost. As of 2013-14 period, Purdue Calumet campus (excluding dormitory) consumed 13,519,597KWH of electricity which costs $1,396,887. Situated in city of Hammond in Indiana, wind energy can be a supplementary energy source for the university as Indiana is ranked 13th position for installed wind energy capacity among U.S states. The state of Indiana possess viable wind resources and had a total of 1,543 MW of wind power capacity. However setting up wind turbine require a large investment. There are different opportunities and limitations associated with this alternative energy solution. Thus, the scope, opportunity and economic viability for wind turbine installation at PUC need to be addressed. As a sustainable and low-cost energy alternative, wind energy can be a cost effective solution in the long term. The goal of the research is to evaluate the opportunity and economic viability of wind turbine as a supplementary source of energy for PUC campus.

Recycling of Lubricating Oils in Saudi Arabia

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Poster Presentation

There has been a growing demand for energy and this has led to search of alternatives of boosting the energy requirements while at the same time, minimizing waste. The source of many lubricating oils is petroleum and therefore, the necessity of converting waste oil into valuable products to be used as other fuel sources through recycling may be worthwhile (Aburas, Bafail & Demirbas, 2015). The planning process of recycling lubricant waste into useful fuel products lubricating oils is grounded on conversion of such petroleum wastes into reused fuel products, start with pyrolytic and cracking processes (Udonne, 2011). Being an oil-rich state, oil wastes can pose negative impact on the environment and like other developed countries; Saudi Arabia may be forced to address the discomfort within the environment caused by waste lubricating oil (Cook, 1982).

Some studies predict that crude oil will only exist for 80 years while gaseous and coal fuels will last for 150 and 230 years respectively. Scientists are exploiting all the available means to ensure that new technological inventions lead to the discovery of recycling procedures for lubricating oils. Statistically, 80 million gallons of lubricating oils are transacted in Saudi Arabia annually and much of this contributes to the environmental pollution (Ali, Hamdan & Rahman, 2013). / Recycling of waste lubricating oil is feasible in Saudi Arabia. To apply this project in Saudi Arabia, all the oil refining plants within the country should have the capability of recycling waste lubrication. For example, in Jeddah area, about 60 plants have been equipped with facilities for recycling such waste lubricating oils (Ali, Hamdan & Rahman, 2013). It should be noted that recycling of petroleum wastes can be beneficial at both environmental and economic perspectives as well as conservation of energy (Diphare et al., 2013).

Managing and Recycling the Compnents of Laptops

Srija Gunuganti and Kiran Sharma

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Table Presentation

Consumer electronics especially laptops have become an integral part of daily life and revolutionized the way we communicate, retrieve information, and view entertainment. In 2014, the United States sale for laptops was 89,500,000. Out of it, only 11.6% is currently recycled. When the electronic components are simply thrown with household waste, they can cause environmental damage. Reusing and recycling them conserves our natural resources and avoids air and water pollution, as well as greenhouse gas emissions. Laptops consist of a standard set of parts, which every manufacturer composes in a unique way like Battery, Motherboard, Optical drive, power supply connectors, leftover parts. For a Laptop, it would be difficult to get it recycled. But, recyclability and reuse depends on how we design the product. This paper focuses on simple strategies about designing the product for disassembling and efficient ways of recycling it. Recycling rechargeable laptop batteries not only reduces the amount of dangerous contaminants entering into the soil and water streams, but reuses every part of the battery for a variety of products. Recycling one million laptops saves the energy equivalent to the electricity used by 3,657 US homes in a year. One metric ton of circuit boards can contain 40 to 800 times the amount of gold and 30 to 40 times the amount of copper mined from one metric ton of ore in the US. Users want convenience and recyclers have a very limited time to separate materials and remove its components. Therefore, the more strategies you use, the faster and easier would be for the products to be take apart and recycle it.

Low-cost Solar Water Heater from PET Bottles

Yaswanth Eswar Sinha Pavuluri and Felipe Generoso Martins

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Table Presentation

One of the largest residential energy costs goes to produce heating water. Research has shown several methods that could be used to heat water using recyclable materials. One such method reuses PET bottles and utilizes solar radiation as a natural and inexhaustible source of energy that makes water heating efficient and sustainable. The process is simple and utilizes the property of change in density of water during heating. The design creates a cyclic movement of water and with each cycle the temperature increases incrementally.

This research project of the low-cost water heater differs from others in terms of the materials used in its construction and heating performance. To minimize fabrication costs in addition to recycle PET bottles, PVC pipes and connections are used as columns of thermal absorption. The plastic bottles and cartons replace the metal case, the thermal absorption panel, and the glass that is used in conventional collectors. The heat is absorbed by cartons, which are painted in matte black, and the heat is transferred to water through the PVC columns, which is also painted black. Although simple, the project contains essential details in its making and its operation.

Harvesting Energy from Human Footsteps

Sai Charan Arisetty and Charan Rahul Varma Dandu

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Table Presentation

Walking is the most common activity in day to day life. When a person walks, he loses energy to the road surface in the form of impact, vibration, sound etc., due to the transfer of his weight on to the road surface, through foot touching the ground during every step. This energy can be tapped and converted in the usable form such as in electrical and can be temporarily stored for later use. In order to develop a technique to generate the energy from footsteps one can use the pressure sensor. This can convert foot impact energy into electrical form. The working principle is simple, when a pedestrian steps on the top plate of the device, the plate will dip down slightly due to the weight of the pedestrian. The downward movement of the plate results in generation of an electrical signal. The top plate reverts back to its original position due to negating springs provided in the device. Such devices can be embedded in places where there is continuous human traffic such as in shopping malls, railway platforms etc.

Rainwater Harvesting in Riyadh

Basel Al Sayel and Husasain Turki Alkhaldi

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Table Presentation

The middle east is facing a severe shortage of water. This is attributed to low rainfall, aridity, uneven supply of water resources, high evaporation, complications of the hydro-political conditions, rapid population growth, deterioration of the water resources and accelerated demand for water. Due to this, water availability per capital has continuously decreased which has resulted to the rapid growth of shortage of water. With this continuous increase in water demand, conventional water resources will be stressed and get depleted (Easter et al. 2003). Since the total average annual rainfall within the Riyadh city is 101.3mm^3, then this problem of water can only be solved by harvesting rain water and sensitizing the public about the best method of harvesting and economical way to use the harvested water (Jones, 2010). This paper discusses rain water harvesting in Riyadh.

The objective of this research was to survey the various systems used in rain water harvesting in Riyadh and their merits and demerits.

There has been continuous use of roof tops for rainwater harvesting by the people of Riyadh city. In this case, a catchment area, treatment facility, supply facility, pipes and the storage tanks are required. For such a case, the system should be designed well in order to reduce the cost of electricity, maintenances or chemicals hence requiring skilled labor which most people do not have. This method is not economical to use because each individual has his or her own facilities as compared to where the facility is shared amongst the people of the community.

Terracing is also another method which has been used for a long period of time in Riyadh. The terraces are normally narrow on steep slopes of mountains. Here, rainwater is collected purposely for farming and slowing down the runoff processes. Here, the rain water is collected in these terraces and then it soaks into the shallow soil. The terrace walls are built of stones and they help in preventing runoff from flowing to the next terraces. In these walls, there are voids which allow water to flow down slopes to other slopes without eroding the soil. Their construction allows the passage of runoff via sheet flow and traps sediments. The trapped sediment can be used for farming. Despite its advantages, the method is effective if it is implemented on high altitude areas and it is laborious in implementing and maintaining it, it a time consuming method and wastes a lot of water.

Sustainable Methods to Reduce Road Salt Use IN USA

Ali Alalhareth and Ali Al-Sulaiman

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Table Presentation

Road salt use must be addressed from several stakeholders point of view including the maintenance professionals, local and state leaders as well as the general public. About 22 million tons of salt been used every year across the United States, that’s roughly 137Ib per American citizen. Sodium chloride is one of the ingredients of road sault and it’s corrosive. It eats through cars, trucks, bridges and also concrete. A study in Utah estimate America spends between 16 to 19 billion dollars to repair the damages. There are various ways of reducing road salt use. These include training of professions at both private and public levels on appropriate measures of storage of road salt, passage of regulations regarding driving during winter seasons, and creation of designated “no salt areas.” Technical training of professionals enhances their capabilities in ensuring that appropriate road salt is used in amounts that do not harm the environment as well as proper storage mechanisms, and finding alternatives for the rational road salt (Novotny, Murphy & Stefan, 2008). Other measures include infrastructure and equipment improvements to enhance their sustainability in all the weather seasons, including winter. Regulations should also seek to enhance lower driving speeds during winter seasons. Reduced speeds during winter are likely to limit the number of accidents and the consequential reliance on road salt to enhance road safety.

Other measures that can be used to limit the rate of road salt use include compulsory use of snow tires during winter by the public and creation of alternative means of public transportation. The use of snow tires by the public will reduce the need for road salt usages to enhance safety when driving (Kawano, Ando, Matsuura, Tsuchihashi, Fujita & Ueshima, 2007). Awareness should be created and regulations enacted to actively involve the public on the usage of snow tires in reducing road salt usage. Creation of alternative transportation means during storm events and winter seasons is likely to reduce the overreliance on public transportation means and consequently the use of road salt during such seasons. The challenge of reducing road salt usage lies with every stakeholder. These include the general public, regulatory authorities and professionals. Thus, environmentally friendly methods should be used in reducing road slat usage through awareness creation and regulations.

Eco-Enzyme Entrepreneur Project

Huanan Shen

Mentor(s): George Nnanna

Graduate

Poster Presentation

Eco-enzyme is a complex solution produced by fermentation of fresh kitchen waste (fruit and vegetable odds and ends), sugar (brown sugar, jaggery or molasses sugar) and water. It is dark brown and has a strong sweet sour fermented scent. Eco enzyme is a multipurpose liquid and its numerous applications include usages in homes, agriculture, animal husbandry and many other areas. Before you throw away fruit or vegetable odds and ends next time around, do remember to turn them into multipurpose enzyme solution – Eco Enzyme, an excellent household helper which is an effective household and laundry cleaner, air purifier, car wash cleanser and even organic fertilizer . It is easy to DIY fresh kitchen waste at negligible cost, producing effective multi-purpose solution that is useful and beneficial to the environment.

AIRBUS Supply Chain Managment

Faisal Aljaizani

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Graduate

Poster Presentation

What is green supply chain management? And How Airbus apply it on their system?

Integrating environment thinking into supply chain management

Product design

Material sourcing and selection

Manufacturing processes

Delivery of the final product

End-of-life management of the product after its useful life

Evacuation Database Module: Residence Inspection Process

Kimberly Spoa-Harty

Mentor(s): Barbara Nicolai

Graduate

No Preferred Presentation

The purpose of this project is to outline and design an effective digital process for the inspection of residential homes defined within an evacuation module. With past disasters, many evacuation procedures require authorities to inspect homes to ensure the safety of all residents. This process can be replicated for disaster events in which the inspection occurs prior to the disaster occurring or immediately after a disaster has affected that area. The project plans to take information gathered in the defined evacuation area and interact with the residents and authorities to help aid in faster, more efficient home inspections. This system should have the capability to be duplicated and set the standards for local, state, and federal agencies to implement and successfully use to help save lives. It will also have the capability to store data for future review of the process, which will allow continued improvements of the process as it evolves for each evacuation use. This project will present some database modeling around the inspection process, explain system design for proper use, and incorporate security fundamentals to ensure the updated information is valid and the most current information available. Lastly, this project will help identify the FEMA X-Codes that are used in search and rescue situations, allow for proper use of these codes, and turn this effort into digital, researchable, and instantly accessible information. Uses of the codes are sometimes interpreted differently, depending on the search team performing the searches, and their interpretations using spray paint on the exterior of homes and cars. The system as a whole will provide the standardization that search and rescue teams need and help aid in faster evacuations of areas that require pre-disaster assistance.

Automated Auger Filler Machine

Rashed Almarri and Murtadaha Alburayman

Mentor(s): Craig Engle

Undergraduate

Oral Presentation

This abstract is provided to display the working of an Automated Auger Filler Machine (AAFM), and how this technique can be implemented in packaging industries. Also, the team will be demonstrating how this technique results in better distribution of a granular material for packaging, keeping the project cost efficient. In this abstract, the design team will be providing the working, specifications and design of the machine. / The design of the auger filler machine provided is a prototype of an actual full-size auger machine (Fig1). In addition, the team project is using an electric motor with a specific RPM which was calculated by the team design, and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to control the speed to fill the cans in a certain time (Table 1). The design team researched which auger fits their project the best.

Fig1: The design of (AAFM)

For the purpose of the completion of this project, the senior design team has selected an auger with following specifications because it gives the volume required for the project.

Serial No. Pitch (in) Outside Diameter (in) Volume (in3)

1 1.5’’ 1.095’’ 1.413

Table 1: Specifications of auger

Calculations: The formula mentioned below is used for calculating the volume. A more comprehensive equation which includes the effect of the auger dimensions will be utilized in the final design specifications.

Volume of one pitch = πD2*pitch/4 Where, D is the outside Diameter of auger

Following table (Table-2) shows the calculations for the number of turns determined for the electric motor: Number of turns = Volume of coffee/Volume of one pitch [Formula used] Small cans: Volume of coffee is fixed at 41.4 in3 for the containers.

Serial No. Pitch(in) Outside Diameter(in) Volume of pitch (in3) Volume of coffee (in3) Number of turns 1 1.5’’ 1.095’’ 1.413 41.4 30

Table-2: Calculated data for number of turns for small cans

Conclusion: The end result of the research will be a designed and fabricated packaging equipment which will be a table top model. Safety will be given importance and testing will be done to check the operation of the machine. If the Auger Filler Machine doesn’t work as expected, modifications will be done on the mechanical parts and electrical parts. After the final testing will be done, final product of this project will be ready for use.

Tablet-Based Study Guide

Cynthia Mirkov

Mentor(s): Magesh Chandramouli

Undergraduate

Oral Presentation

The purpose of this project is to create a study guide that will help students learn raster imaging concepts. Many students struggle with these concepts and find that a classroom setting is not enough time to develop a complete understanding. Even when students are dedicated and try to study alone, they do not always know where to start.

Since most students prefer to carry tablets to class, I am creating a website that supports this format. The concepts will be set up in a flashcard format, so students can challenge themselves and not have the answers within sight right away.

Designing a Chain Peristaltic Pump

Bassam Alshammari

Mentor(s): Lash Mapa

Undergraduate

Oral Presentation

Peristaltic pump have been used for many years for several applications in different environments. The benefits and applications of peristaltic pump are “the fluid does not come into contact with the operating environments, except within the pump tube, making the peristaltic pump ideal for medical applications, chemical testing, or other pump application … easy to clean… can be sued at a variety of pump speeds, pump tube diameters, and can convey many types of fluid within the pump tube” U.S. Patent NO. 007645127B2 (2010).

After searching in several patents on peristaltic pumps, in order to learn what other inventors try to solve, and how they come up with new ideas, there are no peristaltic pumps that use chain to pump the fluid. Therefore, designing peristaltic pumps are using a chain will be a new idea.

The advantages of using chain in this project are:

• It occupies less space in width than a belt or rope driver

• Can be used for short or long distances

• Working under different temperature and atmosphere conditions

• Efficiency of transmission can be up to 95 %

The research goals are to reduce backflow, using one motor to drive two sprockets, using top roller chain type, to control the flow rate by 90° angle and having safe design.

Determination of Response Time to Flood in Urban Drainage System

Jose Barajas

Mentor(s): Jay Lee

Undergraduate

Poster Presentation

Flash floods are amongst the most frequent and costly natural disasters.They are typically unpredictable and have a significant potential to harm residents and properties in urban settings.Currently, the warning systems in place cover a wide area of range.Therefore, these systems do not provide reliable warnings at the community level.Therefore, there remains a critical need to develop a real-time early warning system to be used near at-risk residential areas.The early warning system will help facilitate evacuation from flooding areas, and will provide a lead time to minimize l disasters caused by flash floods.This study will focus on validating a computer model created by a former undergraduate student.A prototype of an embedded sensor system would also be tested here on the Purdue Calumet campus.The embedded sensor system would be used to determine a response time to flood.This response time can then be used to create a flood forecasting algorithm in a future study.

A Systematic and Comparative Study of Graphics Modeling Software to Identify a Cost-efficient Alternative to the Standard High-priced Software

Luis Espitia

Mentor(s): Magesh Chandramouli

Undergraduate

Poster Presentation

The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate and evaluate graphics modeling software in order to identify a cost-efficient alternative to the standard high-priced software of Autodesk© 3D Studio Max (3DS Max) that is acknowledged for its graphics modeling, parametric modeling, and animation capabilities. Although, 3DS Max is known for being an advanced modeling software that is employed by numerous modelers around the globe, cost-efficient alternative modeling software such as that of Moment of Inspiration© (MOI) should also be recognized. This is precisely why this study intends to construct a greater body of knowledge on the MOI software so that its own modeling capabilities can be disseminated to a larger crowd of individuals, particularly those residing in the graphics-modeling field. A comparative structure between these two 3D modeling software applications will be developed in order to assess their advantages and disadvantages. Specifically, factors such as their ease of modeling, polygon/subdivision abilities, animation control, and time-line editing will be investigated in order to compare one to the other in terms of their overall quality, efficiency, and human-computer interaction (HCI). The comparative structure will analyze the existing advanced modeling abilities of 3DS Max, but it will highlight the evaluated advanced modeling abilities of MOI so that it will be recognized as a cost-efficient alternative software to that of the standard high-priced software of 3DS Max.

Dynamic Marketing Using Computer Vision

Jeremy Kaiser

Mentor(s): Michael Alden Roller and Ge Jin

Undergraduate

Poster Presentation

The way digital marketing is being used today is irritating to consumers due to viewing pauses in videos for commercials. Advancements have been attempted in this area letting viewer watching habits decide the commercials they are shown, however the pausing issue remains. Using OpenCV, digital advertising can implement interactive product placement with internet connectivity during video runtime instead of stopping its continuity. This project featuring dynamic marketing using computer vision is a plausible solution to cater to the needs of the more demanding consumers seen today. When new technology is created new innovative solutions must also be created to keep up with the times. Commercial advertising has been a standard for most of televisions history. Society has started to transition more to mobile television which has powerful advancements; but with this movement there are new issues that were not present before. People often use mobile television during public transportation or on a work break. Commercials which were a minor nuisance before are now becoming a major issue due to limited viewing times. With this type of viewing a solution is needed that would allow the absolute bare minimum in video continuity.

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