Tampa Prep 2009-2010 Impact Defense File
AT: Overfishing 1. No Impact to Fish Death – High Reproductive Rate
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- 2. Overfishing inevitable- Subsidies
- Multiple alternate causes mean the plan doesn’t solve
- B. Too many boats
AT: Overfishing1. No Impact to Fish Death – High Reproductive RateFishNet USA 6-10-2000 http://www.fishingnj.org/netusa13.htmMarine fish and shellfish are characterized by their high fecundity, particularly when judged by terrestrial standards. Many release millions of eggs, and even the sharks - whose supposedly “low” reproductive potential puts them, in the conservationists agenda, in danger of overfishing - produce from several to dozens of fully functional young every year. Needless to say, this high reproductive potential is balanced, is in fact required, by naturally high mortality levels. If it weren’t, in fairly short order we’d be up to our ears in dogfish or codfish or scallops. In fact, it’s probably safe to say that at least 99.99% of all marine organisms spawned in the world’s oceans never come close to reaching maturity. As far as the biological success of those species are concerned it doesn’t matter what the source of that mortality is. On the average one spawning pair of red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico will produce two mature red snapper. Millions of fertilized eggs, hundreds of thousands of larvae, thousands of juveniles and hundreds of immature snapper produced by these spawners will die every year. Whether they become dinner for a larger fish, are a casualty of “catch and release” recreational fishing size limits, or end up on the deck of a shrimper makes no difference to the overall red snapper population. 2. Overfishing inevitable- SubsidiesThe Raw Story 5-26-2008 http://rawstory.com/news/afp/Over_80_percent_of_fisheries_overfi_05262008.htmlOceana's campaign has been recognized during a WTO public forum when Director-General Pascal Lamy said, "Today, negotiations on fisheries subsidies in the WTO are in full swing and they are being taken extremely seriously. The Membership realizes the magnitude of what is at stake if these negotiations were to fail. And just in case it would forget, you have placed banners all over Geneva to remind us all of the need to reach an agreement!" The WTO has the single best opportunity to address the fisheries subsidies issue on a global scale, and Oceana is working hard to make sure it does just that. More than 80 percent of the world's fisheries are at risk from over-fishing and the World Trade Organisation must act urgently to scrap unsustainable subsidies, lobby group Oceana said Monday. "The world's fishing fleets can no longer expect to find new sources of fish," said Courtney Sakai, senior campaign director at Oceana. "If the countries of the world want healthy and abundant fishery resources, they must improve management and decrease the political and economic pressures that lead to overfishing." Based on data from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, the report found that only 17 percent of the world's known fish stocks are under-exploited or moderately exploited. Particularly overfished are stocks in significant parts of the Atlantic Ocean, the Western Indian Ocean and the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The report said that in the Western Indian Ocean, for example, over 70 percent of known stocks have been fully exploited, while the remainder are overexploited, depleted or currently at a stage of recovery. Oceana also notes that emerging fishing grounds have large numbers of stocks with unknown status, saying that it opens them up to the risk of overfishing and depletion. The group estimated that current fishing subsidies are worth at least 20 billion dollars annually, or the value of 25 percent of the world's catch, giving strong economic incentives for overfishing. "The scope and magnitude of these subsidies is so great that reducing them is the single greatest action that can be taken to protect the world's oceans," according to the group. It urged countries to push to "reduce and control subsidies" during the current World Trade Organisation negotiations on fisheries subsidies. The WTO last November proposed the elimination of most subsidies for the fishing industry in a compromise package. Multiple alternate causes mean the plan doesn’t solve –A. fleet sizes from subsidiesOCEANA 08 http://www.oceana.org/north-america/what-we-do/stop-overfishing-subsidies/Consider that many fish populations are significantly depleted and scientists project the permanent collapse of all commercial species within the next 50 years if significant action is not taken to reverse overfishing. Government subsidies to the fishing sector, totaling approximately $20 billion annually, represent one of the principal forces behind the overfishing crisis. These harmful subsidies push fishing fleets to fish longer, harder and farther away than would otherwise be possible. Critical negotiations are currently being conducted during the Doha round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to reduce these destructive fisheries subsidies. In late November 2007, the WTO took a tremendous step forward in the negotiations when it produced the first draft agreement on fisheries subsidies. The draft agreement contains a strong prohibition on capacity enhancing subsidies and provides for improved fisheries management.To help ensure the negotiations deliver meaningful and lasting changes to preserve the world's fisheries, Oceana is leading a global effort to increase international awareness of the issue through our Cut the Bait campaign, which has helped generate attention among media and stakeholders around the world. B. Too many boatsVOA.com 5-8-2008 http://www.voanews.com/english/2008-05-08-voa15.cfmThere are a 100,000 fishing boats in Vietnam - too many, say conservation experts, who warn of overfishing in Vietnam's coastal waters. But Vietnamese fishermen are hurting from rising fuel prices. To help them, the government is offering subsidies to build even more boats. Matt Steinglass reports from Hanoi. Vietnamese fisherman works on a basket-shaped boat locally called Thuyen Thung at a fishing village in Danang, Vietnam (File photo) Deputy Agriculture Minister Nguyen Van Thang told Vietnamese fishermen this week that the government will lend them a hand. Thang says any fisherman who buys a new boat with an engine of 90 horsepower or more will get a subsidy of about $3,500 a year. Thang says the subsidies will help fishermen to switch to more powerful boats that can fish further from shore. He says they will also soften the pain of high fuel prices.But the new policy seemed to contradict Vietnam's official strategy of shrinking its fishing fleet. Vietnam has nearly a 100,000 fishing boats. That is far too many, according to wildlife experts like Keith Symington of the international conservation group WWF, who say stocks of fish are declining. "In 2001, for tuna, on average 25 kilograms of tuna could be caught with 100 hooks on a long-line tuna boat. And in 2005, on average, that number's gone down to about 15. You have to fish harder to catch the same amount," said Symington. Overfishing like this could severely damage Vietnam's fisheries."In scientific terms they call it serial depletion. Which means you'll eventually hit a point where there's no recruitment of baby fish," he added. "And then there's really a crisis. The fishery can become quickly commercially extinct." Directory: files -> documents documents -> North Mankato Taylor Library documents -> In the Red and Brown Water documents -> - documents -> I. Disaster Summary Sheet II. 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