The Rate Debate Slowing
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Warming Good - OceansTurn—warming is key to oceans Idso, '10—President of the CO2 Magazine, PhD in Botany (Craig, "Study: Global Warming Will Benefit Marine Life," Heartland Newspaper, October) Seventeen Australian and Canadian scientists have published a study in the peer-reviewed journal Global Change Biology concluding global warming will benefit marine life. The study finds "climate change is altering the rate and distribution of primary production in the world's oceans," which in turn "plays a fundamental role in structuring marine food webs” which are "critical to maintaining biodiversity and supporting fishery catches." Hence, the study’s authors write they are keen to examine what the future might hold in this regard, noting, "effects of climate-driven production change on marine ecosystems and fisheries can be explored using food web models that incorporate ecological interactions such as predation and competition.” The scientists first used the output of an ocean general circulation model driven by a "plausible" greenhouse gas emissions scenario (IPCC 2007 scenario A2) to calculate changes in climate over a 50-year time horizon. The results were then fed into a suite of models for calculating primary production of lower trophic levels (phytoplankton, macroalgae, seagrass, and benthic microalgae), after which the results of the latter set of calculations were used as input to "twelve existing Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) dynamic marine food web models to describe different Australian marine ecosystems." The protocol predicted positive "changes in fishery catch, fishery value, biomass of animals of conservation interest, and indicators of community composition. The 17 scientists state under the IPCC's "plausible climate change scenario, primary production will increase around Australia" with "overall positive linear responses of functional groups to primary production change," and "generally this benefits fisheries catch and value and leads to increased biomass of threatened marine animals such as turtles and sharks." The calculated responses "are robust to the ecosystem type and the complexity of the model used," In the concluding sentence of their paper, the authors state the primary production increases their work suggests will result from future IPCC-envisioned greenhouse gas emissions and their calculated impacts on climate "will provide opportunities to recover overfished fisheries, increase profitability of fisheries and conserve threatened biodiversity." Those highly positive consequences are a great contrast to climate alarmists’ claims that global warming would be an unmitigated climate catastrophe. AT: "Even If"Warm climates are empirically more peaceful and more prosperous Sherwood, Keith, and Craig Idso et al 2011 (Craig, PhD in geography @Arizona State, M.S. in Agronomy from U Nebraska) Two-and-a-Half Millennia of European Climate Variability and Societal Responses http://co2science.org/articles/V14/N17/EDIT.php Buntgen et al. (2011) recently developed a set of tree ring-based reconstructions of central European summer precipitation and temperature variability over the past 2500 years, which suggests, in their opinion, that "recent warming is unprecedented, but modern hydroclimatic variations may have at times been exceeded in magnitude and duration." Although we question their claim about recent warming being unprecedented within this context (see both our Medieval Warm Period Project and the materials we have archived under Roman Warm Period (Europe) in our Subject Index), we will not argue this subject further here. Instead, we will concentrate on the primary conclusion that Buntgen et al. draw from their work, which is that their data "may provide a basis for counteracting the recent political and fiscal reluctance to mitigate projected climate change." In the abstract of their paper, the twelve researchers state that "wet and warm summers occurred during periods of Roman and medieval prosperity," which is indeed correct; and in the body of their paper they write that "average precipitation and temperature showed fewer fluctuations during the period of peak medieval and economic growth, ~1000 to 1200 C.E. (Kaplan et al., 2009; McCormick, 2001), which is also correct, but which is something that suggests to us that warmer is better than colder, especially when it comes to assessing what could be called the wellness-state of humanity. Support for this point of view is provided by Buntgen et al.'s description of what happened as temperatures declined and the Medial Warm Period gave way to the Little Ice Age, with its onset "likely contributing," in their words, "to widespread famine across central Europe," when they say that "unfavorable climate may have even played a role in debilitating the underlying health conditions that contributed to the devastating economic crisis that arose from the second plague pandemic, the Black Death, which reduced the central European population after 1347 C.E. by 40 to 60% (Buntgen et al., 2010; Kaplan et al., 2009; Kausrud et al., 2010)." In addition, the team of Austrian, German, Swiss and U.S. scientists notes that this period "is also associated with a temperature decline in the North Atlantic and the abrupt desertion of former Greenland settlements (Patterson et al., 2010)," and that "temperature minima in the early 17th and 19th centuries accompanied sustained settlement abandonment during the Thirty Years' War and the modern migrations from Europe to America." And a quick trip to the heading of War and Social Unrest in our Subject Index will provide many more real-world examples of cold times typically leading to bad times in terms of the wellness-state of humanity in many other parts of the planet. Clearly, maintaining the planet's current level of warmth is a good thing for earth's inhabitants, as is maintaining -- and actually increasing -- the atmosphere's CO2 concentration, because of CO2's impressive aerial fertilization effect and its anti-transpiration effect, which working together significantly boost the water use efficiencies of nearly all plants, including those that supply us and the rest of the planet's animal life with the food we need to sustain ourselves. And since there is no compelling reason to attribute the planet's current level of warmth to its current level of atmospheric CO2 -- seeing there was much less CO2 in the air during the comparable (or even greater) warmth of the Roman and Medieval Warm Periods -- there is no reason to believe that attempting to reduce the air's CO2 content (which we can't do anyway) or even slow its rate-of-rise (which we cannot do to any significant degree) would alter the planet's temperature to any significant degree. In addition, the planet's temperature has remained essentially level for the past decade or more; and some scientists believe we are facing a future cooling. Consequently, we believe that the work of Buntgen et al. "may provide a basis for [not] counteracting the recent political and fiscal reluctance to mitigate projected climate change," as those mitigating efforts are known to likely have but a miniscule thermal impact even if successful, and they would come at an ungodly economic cost at a time when the world's economy is in an ungodly world of hurt. Lol no Jackson 2009 – Research molecular biologist @ USDA (Eric, 2009, “The international food system and the climate crisis,” The Panama News, Lexis) A major weakness in the forecasts of the IPCC and others when it comes to agriculture is that their predictions accept a theory of “carbon fertilisation”, which argues that higher levels CO2 in the atmosphere will enhance photosynthesis in many key crops, and boost their yields. Recent studies show that this is a mirage. Not only does any initial acceleration in growth slow down significantly after a few days or weeks, but the increase in CO2 reduces nitrogen and protein in the leaves by more than 12 per cent. This means that, with climate change, there will be less protein for humans in major cereals such as wheat and rice. There will also be less nitrogen in the leaves for bugs, which means that bugs will eat more leaf, leading to important reductions in yield. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.98 Mb. Share with your friends:
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