The Rate Debate Slowing
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Impact - MigrationsThat results in sudden onset migrations which risk resource wars—escalation is likely Bahati 10 — Policy Analyst @ Africa Faith and Social Justice Network Originally published in the Jan-Feb edition of Around Africa, Climate Change: What About the Displaced?, February 9, 2010, Bahati Ntama Jacques, Policy Analyst, http://afjn.org/focus-campaigns/other/other-continental-issues/82-general/792-climate-change-what-about-the-displaced.html Already, as a result of climate change, at least 18 islands have been submerged worldwide. These include Lohachara Island in India, Bedford, Kabasgadi and Suparibhanga Island near India. Other islands are at risk of being submerged. They include Bangladesh’s Bhola Island, half of which is permanently flooded, Kutubdia in southeastern Bangladesh with thousands of people already displaced and more to be displaced, in Shishmaref and Kivalini of Alaska, and Maldives, a state island in the Indian Ocean whose President wishes to relocate the entire country. Climate change-related disasters not only affect ecosystems, but cause people to relocate either by choice or by force. Some will be displaced within the boundaries of their affected countries (Internal Displacement or ID) and others will cross state borders. Some will be displaced because of sudden-onset hydro-meteorological disasters, such as flooding, hurricanes, landslides, etc. Others will be affected by slow-onset disasters, like desertification, rising sea levels and droughts. Sea level rise will, in some cases, lead to permanent loss of small state islands, Maldives being an example, which means permanent displacement of the inhabitants of the island. In high-risk zones authorities have to choose between the cost of rebuilding every time a disaster hits or of just displacing the people permanently. Furthermore, as a result of displacement, disputes over resources such as water and land will cause violence. It is more than likely that some of the violence will end up in armed conflict. Climate change diplaces millions and destroys fundamental human rights EFJ 11 — Environmental Justice Foundation EJF a UK Registered charity working internationally to protect the natural environment and human rights 2011 Climate Change and migration:forced displacement, ‘climate refugees’ and the need for a new legal instrument http://www.ejfoundation.org/pdf/climate_briefing.pdf Climate change is without doubt one of the foremost and most profound threats to environmental security and basic human rights, and its effects are already being observed across the globe. For human populations, the impacts are considerable, with an estimated 325 million people adversely affected, and 300,000 deaths each year 1 . Climate change is deteriorating environmental conditions and compromising the most basic human rights to life, food, shelter, health, and water. The short and long-term effects of climate change will compound existing poverty levels and obstruct social and economic development. The overall impacts for the developing world are sobering: within this century, hundreds of millions of people are likely to be displaced by Sea Level Rise (SLR); accompanying economic and ecological damage will be severe for many. The world has not previously faced a crisis on this scale, and planning for adaptation should begin immediately 17 . Environmental factors arising from climate change and leading to migration may be fast occurring. For example more intense tropical cyclones or in the longer-term, effects such as desertification or sea level rise that inundates lowlying regions damaging homes and infrastructure, increased health risks, declining soil fertility and lack of freshwater. Fisheries and agriculture are already showing signs of stress, yet they are projected to face a 50% increase in demand by 2030 18 . In the oceans, climate change is reducing the abundance and diversity of fish and other marine life – this could be devastating for the 520 million people – around 8% of the global population – who are dependent on fisheries for food and income. In Africa, an estimated 10 million people have migrated or been displaced over the last two decades mainly because of environmental degradation and desertification 7,19 . A recent (2009) report suggested that about 12 million people have fallen into poverty today because of climate change 1 . Impact - WaterWater Shortages are a form of structural violence driven by colonialism and present day corporations plan breaks down oppression Mukherjee 7 — Joia S Mukherjee. Medical Director of Partners in Health. 2007. “Structural Violence, Poverty and the AIDS Pandemic” http://www.palgrave-journals.com/development/journal/v50/n2/full/1100376a.html Current global inequalities are often the legacies of oppression, colonialism and slavery, and are to- day perpetuated by radical, market-driven inter- national financial policies that foment poor health. Neo-liberal economic ‘reforms’ imposed on poor countries by international financial insti- tutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank force poor governments, as the recipients of qualified loans, to decrease their public sector budgets, privatize health services and, when they would rather invest their minus- cule capital to protect their vulnerable citizens and educate their children, these recipient coun- tries are instead forced to march in lock step to- ward the ‘free’ market, enforcing policies such as user fees for health and primary education. In poor countries, revitalizing the public health infrastructure and improving the delivery of es- sentials such as vaccination, sanitation and clean water are critical aspects to remediating the struc- tural violence that underlies disease. It is only with ongoing, large-scale international assistance that poor governments will be able to address the right to health in a sustained way. Advocacy to re- dress the violations of the basic right to health must recognize that more money is needed for health now, and for decades to come. Further- more, the coercion by international financial in- stitutions of poor governments to restrict health spending only serves to deepen inequalities in health care and perpetuate social injustice. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.98 Mb. Share with your friends:
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