The united republic of tanzania agricultural sector development program
Download 1.87 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables
- Table 4.21 Major pest problems of citrus and recommended management practices
- Abbreviations and Acronyms
Executive SummaryThe integrated pest management plan (IPMP) addresses the Agricultural Services Support Progtam (ASSP)’s need to monitor and mitigate negative environmental impacts of the project by promoting biological and ecosystem based pest management. The overall project objective is for all farmers (including rural poor and women) to have better access to, and use of relevant agricultural knowledge and technologies, which through sustained partnership with service providers, contribute to higher productivity and profitability. The program is estimated to reach national coverage over a 7-year period, comprising an initial three-year phase, followed by a four-year phase. The program is expected to achieve its objective through the implementation of three components: (i) improving demand for services through farmer empowerment; (ii) improving supply of services through institutional reform, capacity building, and more effective provision; and (iii) ensuring effective monitoring, quality control and program management. It is anticipated that pest management measures may be involved, such as use of pesticides. It is in this context, the World Bank Operational Policy OP 4.09 of December 1998 and Tanzania and Zanzibar’s Agricultural Sector Policy of 1997 and 2000 respectively have triggered the formulation of this IPMP (synonym to IPPM i.e. Integrated Production and Pest Management in Zanzibar). Both policies recognized the role IPM approach in controlling pests. The management aspects of pests and diseases of the key major crops have been discussed in detail. These include in Tanzania Mainland food crops such as maize, sorgum, beans, banana, sweet potatoes, finger millet, rice; cash crops: coffe, cotton, cashem nutst, etc. horticultural crops: coconuts, managoes, citrus, pinapples, tomatoes, onions and brasiccas (cabbages and kale) and migratory and outbreak pests: rodents, birds (quelea quelea spp) and armeworms. In Zanzibar are included food crops: cassava, banana, sweet potato, maize, sorghum and legumes; cash crops such as cloves, mango and coconuts and horticultural crops such as vegetables and migratory and outbreak pests like rodents and armyworms. The Government of Tanzania (GoT) and the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar (RGZ) have taken deliberate measures for promotion of IPM in all crop production systems. In 1977, the GoT formulated and introduced the Agriculture and Livestock Policy of 1997 and the National Environmental Policy of 1997. In line with this, a new Plant Protection Legislation was encacted in 1997 followed by its regulations of 1999. A framework legislation the Environmental Management Act, 2004 which was submitted to parliament and is now with the Attroney General for final endorsement. Alll these policies and legislation emphasise use of sustainable production approaches particularly IPM. In Zanzibar, the RGZ formulated the Agricultural Policy of 2002, the Environmental Policy and Program of 1992, Environmental Management for Sustainable Development Act of 1996 and Plant protection Act of 1997 which support sustainable agricultural production systems and IPM. The IPM Plan for ASSP is based on the experiences gained during the implementation of IPM experience in Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar and information obtained through review of published materials and discussion with crop experts, researchers, farmers and extension workers. The PMP provides a framework for the development of IPM programme for food, cash and horticultural crops in the ASSP to identify, understand and manage pest problems in the components, reduce human and environmental health risks associated with pesticides use, and protect ecosystem by conserveing beneficial agents such as natural enemies of pests use, and protect ecosystems by conservering beneficial agents such as natural enemies of pests and pollinators to increase productiviey. The IPMP also provides guidelines for pest management purposes in accordance to the IPM approach. It augments the biological, chemical and cultural control aspects of the management of pests and diseases. Implementation of this PMP will lead to compliance with the WB Policy OP 4.09. Collaboration and synergies between this PMP and other projects, regional and international research systems and NGOs would be expored and awareness will be raised at national, zonal, district and village levels. Implementation of pest management strategies and pilot PMP are recommended. The main core activities of PMP are: Coordination Development of IPM packages for the pilot districts PMP IPM oreintation workshops Training of trainers and Farmer groups training Public awareness and promoting the adoption of IPM practices Field guides/training materials for production, purchase and distribution Farmers field days Field visits and study tours Database for human-health and environmental contamination Crop pest surveillance and updating pest/disease database at PHS Annual workshops on progress and lesson learnt Participatory IPM research and development Monitoring and evaluation Based on the research and technical support needs of the ASSP’s farmers group, the Zonal Agriculture Research and Development Institutes (ZARDI) will develop IPM packages for economically important food, cash and horticultural crops (and livestock) systems, deliver a training program (in collaboration with IPM units of Plant Health Services (PHS) of MAFS with the aid of demonstration, adaptive research trails and experiential learning in the farmer fields. The ZARDI and PHS will also train the trainers and district specialist and assist the ASSP in designing a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) program with M&E specialist. The ASSP facilitation team will be the coordinator for the implementation of this PMP. Table of ContentsExecutive Summary ii Table of Contents iv List of Tables vi Abbreviations and Acronyms viii 1. BACKGROUND 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.2 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 2 2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED PROGRAM 4 2.1 TANZANIA MAILLAND 4 2.2 ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 5 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND JUSTIFICATION 7 3.1 THE EXISTING LANDUSE PATTERN, AGRO-ECOLOGICAL AND FARMING ZONES 7 3.2 PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 8 4. EXISTING AND ANTICIPATED PEST PROBLEMS 10 4.1 INTRODUCTION 10 4.2 MAINLAND 10 4.3 ZANZIBAR 66 5. PEST CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS 83 5.1 INTRODUCTION 83 6. EXPERIENCES ON IPM IN TANZANIA 90 6.1 MAINLAND 90 6.2 ZANZIBAR 97 7. POLICY, REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR IMPLEMENTING PMP 100 7.1 INTRODUCTION 100 7.1.3 Plant Protection Act no 13 (1997) 101 7.1.4 Environmental Management Act of 2004 101
8.3.1 Capacity Building 105 8.4 PILOT DISTRICT PMP IMPLEMENTATION 106 8.5 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 106 8.6 SUSTAINABILITY 107 9. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ARRAMGEMENTS 107 10. WORKPLAN AND BUDGET 108 11. RECOMMENDAITONS 109 ANNEXES 113 ANNEX 1: PERSONS MET 113 ANNEX II: An IPM Checklist for Planning and Implementing Pest Control on Crops 119 Annex III: Pesticide Classification List – WHO 122 List of TablesTable 3.1: Zone, Altitude and rainfall classes Table 4.1: Summary of major food, cash and horticulture crops grown in different agro-ecological zone of Tanzania Table 4.2: Major maize pest problems and recommended management practices Table 4.3: List of pesticides recommended for use on maize in all zones Table 4.4: Important weeds in Tanzania Table 4.5: Major pests of rice and recommended management practices Table 4.6: Sorghum major pests and recommended management practices Table 4.7 The major pests of pearl millet and recommended management practices Table 4.8: Banana major pest problems and recommended management practices for Lake and Northern Zones Table 4.9: Cassava major pests and recommended management practices Table 4.10: The major pest problems of beans and recommended management practices Table 4.11: The major pests of sweet potato and recommended management practices Table 4.12: Coffee pest problems and recommended management practices Table 4.13 List of recommended pesticides for use in coffee Table 4.14: Cotton pest problems and recommended management practices in the WCGA Table 4.15: List of pesticides recommended for use on cotton in the WCGA Table 4.16: Cotton pest problems and recommended management practices in the ECGA Table 4.17: List of pesticides recommended for use on cotton in the ECGA Table 4.18: Pesticides recommended for use on cashew Table 4.19: Major pests and recommended control practices for coconut Table 4.20: Key pests of mangoes and current farmer practices to reduce losses
Table 4.23: Major pests of tomatoes and recommended management practices for northern zone Table4.24: List of pesticides recommended for use on tomatoes Table 4.25 Major pest problems and recommended management practices Table 4.26: Major pests of brassicas and recommended practices Table 4.27: Rodent control 2003 Table 4.28: Quelea Quelea invaded regions year 2003 Table 4.29: Quelea quelea outbreaks and cereal damage in some regions of Tanzania, 1998-2002 Table 4.30: Invaded area and treatment used Table 4.31: Armywork outbreaks in Tanzania Table 4.32: Damage of various croups by armyworms during the 2001/2002 cropping seasons in some region of Tanzania Table 4.33: Acreage of Food crops in Zanzibar Table 4.34: Production of the common food crops in Zanzibar in tons, 1990/1991 –1999/2000 Table 4.35: Supply of rice in Zanzibar, 1984/1985 – 1994/1995 Table 4.36: Major pests of rainfed rice and their recommended management practices Table 4.37: The average rice yield of different varieties under rainfed production system Table 4.38: Major pests of irrigated rice and their recommended management practices Table 4.39: Major pests of cassava and their recommended management practices Table 4.40: Major pests of banana and their recommended management practices Table 4.41: Major pests of sweet potato and their recommended management practices Table 4.42: Major pests of maize and sorghum and their recommended management practices Table 4.43: Major pests of grain legumes and their recommended management practices and their recommended management practices Table 4.44: Major pests of cloves and their recommended management practices Table 4.45: Major pests of coconuts and their recommended management practices Table 4.46: Major pests of mango and their recommended management practices Table 4.47: Major pests of citrus and their recommended management practices Table 4.49: Major pests of pineapples and their recommended management practices Table 4.50: Pests problems on the major vegetables Table 4.51: Major pests of vegetables and their recommended management practices Table 5.1 List of recommended and TPRI registered pesticides for crop production in Tanzania Table 5.2 List of potential plants that can be used to prepare botanical extracts for pre and post harvest pest control Table 8.1: Potential implication for pest management under ASSP Table 10.1: A tentative cost estimates of bugetary requirements Abbreviations and Acronyms
Directory: curated curated -> Concept stage curated -> Concept stage curated -> Republic of Côte d'Ivoire Urbanization Review curated -> Report No: aus11011 Central America curated -> Report No. 94474-pk fiscal Disaster Risk Assessment Options for Consideration curated -> Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Costa Rica Telecommunications Sector Modernization Project curated -> Environment Impact Assessment For Jiangxi Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Beijing Guohuantiandi Environmental Technology Development Center. Ltd. Oct. 2012 Content curated -> Growth through Innovation An Industrial Strategy for Shanghai By Shahid Yusuf Kaoru Nabeshima April 22nd, 2009 curated -> Report No: 70178. People's Republic of China Download 1.87 Mb. Share with your friends:
|