Traveller 4 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

You should study your lessons.

He should be more careful when he drives.

You should really go to that new restaurant. It’s fantastic!

Students should hand in their homework on time.

We should havecome home earlier.

You should havecalled me and let me know you weren’tcoming.

للتعبير عن الندم على فعل شيء shouldn't + have + past participle:تستخدم

I shouldn’t haveshouted at Larry today.

Danny shouldn’t havetoldyou that. It was supposed to be a secret.

had better

تستخدم had better للتعبير عن النصيحة المشددة او التحذير و التهديد . و هي أقوى من should

نشير الى الحاضر و المستقبل و ليس الماضي .

صيغتها عند النفي had better not.

You had better buy the Japanese car.

You had better not buy the Chinese one.

You’d better ask a doctor about it.

1-I …………. better repair my car . I need it badly .

2- It is too late . You ………….better go to bed now .

3-I am thirsty . I had better …………some water .

4-It is 6: 30 , you had better …………. Up now .

5- When you travel to America , you …………… get some dollars .

6-They ought ………………. hard to get enough money

7-You …………. waste your time .

8-They ………………… stay up late.

9-He should ……………….. your relatives regularly.

10- They ………………… start work late.

Jeff Carr is a doctor who works for a non-profit organization and is now in Uzbekistan. He (1) (work) has worked / has been workingfor the organization for a year and describes his experience as very rewarding. Jeff (2) (work) worked in England for several years before he (3)(join) joined the organization. He (4) chose / has chosen(choose) to go to Uzbekistan to help with a disease

Majed Ahmed Abdullah Al-Mohammed1(1) a passion for football since he was a child. He was born in Al-Baghdadia in Jeddah and (2) one of the greatest players ever to come from Asia. It was obvious from an early age that Majed was a very (3) football player.He spent his entire career playing for Al-Nasr in Riyadh, (4) he scored nearly 200 goals. (5) , from 1976-1998 he (6) his team win four league championships, four Saudi cups, two Gulf cups and the Asian Winners Cup. His (7) was not limited to Al-Nasr. Majed played 140 games for Saudi Arabia’s national

team and also served as captain of the team. He played with great patriotism for his country scoring lots of goals. At the time, he even held the world record for international appearances, but several players (8) that record. Majed(9) global recognition late in his career when Saudi Arabia qualified for the first time for the World Cup in 1994 in the USA. Majed Abdullah retired in 1998 but he (10) to be involved in football working as a sports commentator.

1. a. had b. has had c. has been having

2. a. became b. has become c. was becoming

3. a. famous b. patient c. talented

4. a. who b. which c. where

5. a. Moreoverb. As well as c. Not only

6. a. helped b. has helped c. has been helping

7. a. failure b. success c. qualifications

8. a. since broke b. have since broken c. had since broken

9. a. earned b. took c. won

10. a. has continued b. continued c. has been continuing

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E. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1. Did you read Oliver Twist? (that)

Is Oliver Twist the book / novel that you read?

John has been working for the company for twelve years.

If you want to pass this year, you should study harder for your exams.

I shouldn’t have drunk so much coffee because now I can’t sleep.

Omer had better rest his ankle before the next game.

Mike hasn’t been to England since 1999.

Laylahas been learning French since she was six.

I haven’t seen Osama for a long time.

full of flying cars - where drivers may become optional! Many researchers, scientists and

engineers see personal air transport as the inevitable solution to the problem of congested roads or airports that suffer fromتعاني من delays. تأخير

At first, it was a dream to combine a car with an aeroplane. However, a flying car was

considered to be too heavy, costly to design and inefficient. Another problem was that you

had to be a pilot with a certified licence in order to fly one.

Now, with modern lightweight materials and computer technology, a number of inventors

and small companies are working on their own individual versions of flying cars, which they

hope will dramatically change air travel. NASA is developing a control programme called

‘Highway in the Sky’, which is something similar to a modern air traffic control system,

where thousands of flying cars will be able to operate simultaneously without running the

risk of crashing into one another. Dr. Bruce Holmes, NASA’s manager of General Aviation

Programs, states that in the future automatic flying cars will be operating without human pilots, as onboardالأرض يتفاوض مع

computers will fly and negotiate with other flying cars’ computers and with ground

ارتفاع محدد يطير يهبط يحدد محطات

stations that will determine who can land or fly at a particular altitude.

Paul Moller, Chief Executive of Moller International and developer of the flying skycar

M400, spent 40 years and millions of dollars designing, building and testing the personal

aircraft. In 1989, he designed and tested the M200X and later the M400, which can reach

cruising speeds of up to 350 mph at an altitude of 50 ft. Technically speaking, this flying car

is known as a ‘volantor’, which is defined as ‘a vertical take-off and landing aircraft that is

capable of flying quickly and easily.’ This allows the flying car to be flexible like a helicopter

without losing the speed of a fast aircraft. It runs on petrol, diesel, alcohol or propane and

its fuel consumption is comparable to that of a medium-sized car.

This model has been tested to guard against accidents. Safety features included in the

design are parachutes and internal and external airbags to allow the passengers a soft

landing in the event of an accident. Furthermore, Mr. Moller has added two back-up

computers in case something goes wrong. Mr. Moller states that his flying car is able to fly

from airports and heliports. However, in the future it will be possible to land at ‘vertiports’,

which will include fields, parking lots, private properties, shopping centres or skyscraper roofs.

According to Mr Moller, the benefits of this new technology will be quite remarkable.

Firstly, the effect on the environment will be of maximum importance, as flying cars will

reduce air and noise pollution levels considerably. People will be free of traffic jams and

will have more flexible lifestyles and travel times. When these vehicles become popular,

then people will have freedom of choice between rural and urban lifestyles, as they will be

able to live in a village near a small airport and fly to their workplace in the city hundreds

of miles away. Therefore, there won’t be much of a need for roads or large airports

anymore, only ‘vertiports’. Mr Moller believes that by the year 2040, our idea of travel will

have changed as well as our habits. For example, a ‘Highway in the Sky’ or a similar system

will have replaced concrete roads and traffic signs.

Whatever the future holds, it seems very likely that our children will be ‘volanting’ from

small airports or ‘vertiports’ instead of breathing harmful exhaust fumes. However, it will

be decades before the ordinary consumer is able to afford this technology.

6. considerablyb. a lot