B. Complete the sentences below using verbs and prepositions from the exercise
1. Many people suffer fromallergies.
2. The race car driver was careful not to crash into / bump intothe barriers.
3. John lost control of the car and crashed into / bumped into a tree.
4. The manager of the company is going tonegotiate withthe unhappy workers.
5. Abdulaziz is finding it difficult to cope with hisheavy workload.
6. People need to take more action if they want to save/ protect the planet from/ againstGlobal warming.
7. The publisher plans to translate the book intoseveral languages.
8. In summer, it is a good idea to wear a hat to protect yourself from/against the sun.
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2. Nouns Deriving From Verbs
verb
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Noun
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connectيربط
replaceيستبدل
communicateيتصل
arrangeيرتب
inventيخترع
operateيشغل
improveيطور
produceينتج
protectيحمي
reduceينتج
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connectionتوصيل
replacementاستبدال
communicationاتصال
arrangementترتيب
inventionاختراع
operationتشغيل
improvementتطوير
productionانتاج
protectionحماية
reductionتخفيض
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B. Complete the sentences with nouns from the exercise above.
1. My grandfather had a successful heartoperation yesterday.
2. There will be a big improvement in the weather next week.
3. The Internet makes communication between people easier and faster.
4. There is a 30% price reduction on all washing machines and fridges during the sales.
5. Sunscreen protection is necessary for the of fair skin.
6. Scientists have discovered a connectionbetween eating uncooked vegetables and
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3. Adjectives ending in –able
شخص يعتمد عليه عذر قصة يمكن تصديقها
a believable story/excuse a dependable person
وجبة اختيار مفضل قصة كتاب يمكن التنبؤ به
a predictable book/story a preferable choice/meal
فقد الوزن تغير اختلاف ملحوظ
a noticeable difference/change/weight loss
The Future
Next القادم am- is - are + going to + المصدر
Tomorrow غدا
Soon: قريبا am- is - are + ing ( present progressive)
Later لاحقا
In the future: will + المصدر
In + مدة زمنية
-
Am - is -are + going to + infinitiveالمصدر
تستخدمللتعبيرعنيحدثسوفيحدثفيالمستقبلالقريبوتعنيأنهناكترتيباتقداتخذتلضمانحدوثالفعلفيالمستقبلالقريبولايشترطمعهاوجودكلمةتدلعلىالمستقبل .
I am going tobuild a house next month . ( plan )
I think people will live on the moon in the future.( prediction )
تنفىبوضعكلمةnot بعدam – is – are
I am not going to fly to London .
They aren't going to study English .
وعندالسؤالنقدمAm – Is – Are لنبدأبهاالسؤال
Are you going to visit your friend ?
Is he going to buy a car ?
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Present progressiveالمضارع المستمر
يستخدمالمضارعالمستمرللتعبيرعن خطة أو ترتيبات مستقبلية
We're going out with Ali tonight .
I'm having my hair cut tomorrow .
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2- will + infinitive المصدر
تستخدمwill للتعبيرعنالنيةintentionI will fly to London next summer.
أوإقرارحقيقةمستقبليةI will be 45 years old next month . (Future fact )
و تستخدم ايضا للتنبؤ I think people will live on the moon in the future. (prediction)
تختصركمايليI'll – we'll -وعندالنفيwill not = won't
Choose the right answer :-
1-Why will he ………………… to the market tomorrow ?
a-go b-went c-going d- goes
2-Ali …………………abroad next summer .
a-travelled b-is going to travel c-travels d-travelling
3-He …………………….for London tomorrow .
a-will leave b-leaves c- leaving d- left
4-My father …………………….. to London next week .
a-fly b-flying c-is going to fly d- flew
5-It is very cloudy . It ………………….. rain .
a-going b-going to c-is going to d-going
6-I am …..........................homework soon .
a-will write b-going to write c-write d d-wrote
7- My sister is going to …………………….……………next month .
a-marry b- married c- marries d- marrying
Future Continuous
يعبر عن حدثسوف يكون مستمرا ( لم يكتمل ) في وقت ما في المستقبل .
Expresses an An open-ended activity taking place at a certain time in the future.
Form :will be + verb + ing
Past now future
I'llbe watching the match between 8-10 tomorrow .
We'll be studying at school until 1:15 next Sunday.
My friends will be playing football between 4:30 – 5:30 tomorrow.
Choose the correct answer :
1-Tomorrow at 9: 00, we ……………….at school . We usually starts at 7:30a.m.
a-Will study b- will be studying c- studied d- have studied
2-My brother ………… to London at 10:00 tomorrow. The plane takes off at 9:30.
a-Will fly b- will flying c- flew d-will be flying
3-They …………….. the match at 9:30. Matches usually starts at 8:30 .
a-watched b- have watched c- watched d-will be watching
4-We ………………….. for you at 7:00 . Don't be late.
a-Will wait b- will waiting c- waited d-will be waiting
5-I ……………… when you arrive, so wait for me in the café .
a-Will be working b- will work c- work d-have worked
6-I ………………….. at 3:00 . don't wake me up. I'm very tired.
a-Will sleep b- slept c- sleep d-will be sleeping
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The Future perfect
يعبر عن حدث سوف يكون قد تم و اكتمل حدوثه في وقت ما في المستقبل
Form :will have + V3 – … ed
Past now future
I will have finished my homework in 15 minutes.
My father will have arrived the airport at 3:00 .
We won't have finished painting at 5:00. We usually finish at 5:30.
Choose the right answers :-
1-In 30 years' time , scientists …………………. A cure for all cancers.
a-Will find b- found c- will have found d- finding
2-By the next 5 years , our country …………………….. 100 new schools.
a-Will have built b- will build c- built d- building
3-By 2020, Qatar ……………………. All the new stadiums for the world cup.
a-Will build b- will have built c-are building d- have built
4-Come to me after 3:00 . I ………………. Work and we could go out .
a-have finished b- will finish c- will have finished d- finished
5-My friends ………………… the class at 1:15 p.m. They usually finish at 1:00 p.m.
a-have left b- will leave c- will have left d- left
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4. PRACTICE
Read the dialogues and circle the correct words.
1. A: Are you going / Do you go to the lake next weekend with Bill?
B: Yes.
A: I would like to come. Will there be / Will there have been space in the car for me?
B: Of course. We are taking / take Bill’s dad’s van, so there’s lots of space.
2. A: Will you start / Are you startingyour exams soon?
B: Yes. This time tomorrow I will be sitting / will have sat for my Maths exam.
A: Good luck!
3. A: Khaled, will you phone / are you phoning the airport and find out what time father’s flight arrives?
B: Sure. I’ll do it as soon as I finish / will finish my lunch.
4. A: Are you going tohave / Do you have breakfast before we leave?
B: Yes, but it will take / is taking me only about 15 minutes so hurry up!
A: OK, I will be / will have been ready by then.
Read the text and complete the blanks with the correct form of the words in capitals.
Science museums are a great and affordable place to take your kids on a rainy Saturday afternoon. Your children can learn all about science, technology and invention in a fun and creative way. Take, for instance, the Science Museum in London;
it has various fascinating exhibits which are sure to leave yourchild amazed
. Andif your child has the dream of becominga biologist, why notgo to the Biology Gallery where theycan explore the interesting andimpressive displays.
In addition, the Science and Art of Medicine Gallery is both beautifuland educational as ituses objects to tell the history of medical traditions across the world. So, why not go to your local science museum this weekend? It will be impossiblenot to enjoy the experience.
Module 2B
Reading
افتراضي تهدف الى برنامج تعمل على الذي رياضي
Saed Ali is a mathematician who is working on aprogram that aims to make virtual
جراح مستخدمة تقنية هذا فوائد تخيل واقع جراحة
surgery a reality. ‘Imagine the benefits of such technology in use! A surgeon will be
خيالي رقمي عملية ينفذ
able to carry out an operation on your “digital double”, which is a “virtual you”
أخطاء من نتعلم الجراح بعمل ذلك يكونه
generated by a computer. By doing so, the surgeon can learn from any mistakes he
يعمل نجاح متأكد اخيرا الجراح
makes. If the surgeon is finally certain of success, he then will operate on you
عدةتشغيل يمارس الجراح مشاكل بدون
without any problems. The surgeon will be able to practise the operation several
يقول اخطاء أقل يعني يفعل ذلك بالفعل مرات
times before actually doing it, which means that there will be fewer mistakes,’ says
شك بلا محاكاة جراحية تقنية
Saed. This technology is called surgical simulation and is, without doubt, going to
هندسة معقدة تشمل تخلق الأسلوب أرواح ينقذ
Savelives. The method of creating a digital double involves complex geometry and
تقنية لا نهاية لها احتمالات الرياضيات
mathematics. ‘The possibilities are endless,’ adds Saed. ‘If the technology was
مسح رحلة ينجو من حتى المرضى الآن متاح
available right now, patients would even be spared of a trip to the doctor’s. A scan
يجهز لـ تشخيص سليم يكون طبيب يرسل الى
would be sent to the doctor who would make a correct diagnosis and prepare for
يدخل المريض قبل العملية
the operationbefore asking the patient to come in.’
الفلاح يهدف الى مشروع يعمل على بيولوجي نبات
B- Saud Khalidis a plant biologist involved in a project which aims to help farmers
حاليا تنمو الظروف النبات يشاهد يتفحص
investigate and monitor plants and the conditions in which they grow. Presently,
علموا النتيجة ما معرفة بدون محاصيل
farmers grow cropswithout knowing what the end result will be. If they knew what
مثل الباحثون تجنبهم خطوات تحدث
problems could come up, they would take steps to avoid them. Researchers, such as
أسهل يجعل جهد تجربتهم ربطوا
Saud, have combined their expertise in an effort to make it easier for farmers to
افتراضي نموذج فعليا البرنامج محاصيل نجاح يتنبأ
predict the success of their crops. ‘The program is actually a 3D model of a virtual
درجة الحرارة مثل مختلفة ادخال
plant growing,’ says Saud. ‘By entering different parameters, such as temperature,
علاوة على ذلك النبات الأثر ترى
we are able to see the effect that they will have on the plant. Furthermore, once
يراقب الفلاحين محاصيلهم زرعوا
theyhave planted their crops, farmers will be able to keep an eye on them and
يحتاجون محاصيل اعطاء رعاية يحسنون
improve plant care by giving their crops what they need, when they need it.’ When
ادارة فعال يطور مستخدمة على نطاق واسع
this program is widely used, it will revolutionize effective crop management and it
للجميع جودة أفضل أرخص ينتج عنه
will result in cheaper and better quality food for all.
يسمى مشروع منخرط في عالم آثار
C-Carl Austenis an archaeologist who was involved in a ten-year project named
يعيد بناء رقمية متطورة
‘Rome Reborn 1.0’. This project used advanced technology to digitally rebuild
تاريخية محاكاة كاملة أكبر روما القديمة
ancient Rome. It is the largest and most completesimulation of a historic city ever
توجد لم تعد آثار يعيد بناء
created. ‘We have digitally recreated monuments that no longer exist, and we have
الوقت يدمر مواقع يستعيد رقمي
digitally restored sites that have been destroyed with time, but this is by far the
يتم عمله مشروع طموح
most ambitious project ever to be done,’ says Carl.
طريقهم البرنامج مستخدمي الوقت الفعلي يعمل
It is a true 3D model that runs in real time. Users of the program can work their way
مباني عامة هامة يدخلون يرغبون نموذج خلال
through the model as they wish. They can enter important public buildings and
من المؤكد مدينة تاريخية رائعة ركن كل تستكشف كل انحاء
move around to explore every corner of this marvellous, historic city. It is sure to
شيء جيد قيمة تاريخية نماذج مجسم
serve as a prototype for other city models of historic value. ‘The good thing is that if
يشمل يحدث ببساطة اكتشافات
new discoveries are made, the program will simply be updated to include them and
نعلم بدونها لن نستطيع اعتقد
this is why I think that we will not be able to do without it when teaching our
روما القديمة عن
children about ancient Rome,’ adds Carl.
حروق علاج يتلقى
Paul Parkeris a 15-year-old boy who is receiving treatment for burns which he got
حقيقة معروفة ساقه فوق سقطت ماء يغلي اناء
when a pot ofboiling water fell onto his leg. It is a well-known fact that the
الممرضات السبب لهذا اصابة فعلية من أسوأ حرق علاج
treatment for a burn is worse than the actual injury. For this reason, nurses and
ألعاب واقعية افتراضي قرر ان مستشفى كل انحاء الدولة الاطباء
physicians at Nationwide Children’s Hospital decided to use virtual reality games to
قلق توضح البحث رعاية الجرح ألم يتوافق مع ضحايا
help young victims put upwith the pain of wound care. Research shows that anxiety
يخفض قلق المرضى مرتبط بشدة ألم
and pain are strongly connected and if patients are distracted, anxiety is reduced
الممرضات في البداية مؤلم أقل اسلوب
and the procedure becomes less painful. ‘At first the nurses gave me books to look
عندئذ يعتني بـ جروح ألم تقليل قليلا
at, but they did little to lessen the pain of having my wounds taken care of. Then,
ينهمك في جدا لعبة واقعية افتراضية
one day, they let me play with a virtual reality game and I was so engrossed in
ينهي أخبرتني عندما مندهش
playing the game that I was surprised when the nurse told me that he had finished
جروحي يخيط
dressing my wounds,’ says Paul.
3. SCANNING FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Read the texts again and answer the questions 1-12. Write A, B, C or D
1-A 2-B 3-D 4-C
5. D 6-A 7-D 8-C
9-A 10-A 11-B 12-D
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4. Guessing the meaning of unknown wordsA. Match
1. carry out do, performينفذ
2. come upappear unexpectedlyيحدث بشكل مفاجيء
3. do withoutmanage despite the lack ofينجح بالرغم من
4. put up with tolerateيتعامل – يتسامح مع
B. Look at the following words from the texts and choose the correct meaning, a, b or c.
1. generated تولّد
a. created b. called c. controlled
2. complex معقد
a. basic b. interesting c. difficult to understand
3. monitor يتفحص
a. check b. destroy c. create
4. expertise تجربة
a. problem b. character c. special knowledge
5. parameters باراميتر
a. programmes b. factors c. skills
6. revolutionizeيتغير
a. prevent b. reduce c. change greatly
7. simulation محاكاة
a. recreation b. story c. area
8. prototype نموذج
a. invention b. example c. equipment
9. distracted لا مبالي
a. careless b. sensitive c. not concentrating
10. engrossed منهمك في
a. absorbed b. indifferent c. not interested
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Vocabulary
Prefixes and suffixes
A. Look at the words in bold in the sentences below.
What do you think they mean? Choose a or b.
1. The possibilities are endless.
a. coming to an end b. having no end
2. This project used advanced technology to digitally
rebuild ancient Rome.
a. build again b. build a part of
3. If patients are distracted, anxiety is reduced and the procedure becomes less painful.
a. causing pain b. without pain
4. The doctor’s diagnosis was incorrect so they didn’t give the patient the right medicine.
a. accurate b. wrong
5. This information is unimportant and I’m not going toconsider it.
a. very important b. not important
B. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. You should be more careful with your work; there were a lot of silly mistakes in your exam paper.(care)
2. Scientists believe too much sunbathing is harmful to your health.( harm)
3. Saif is an ineffectiveleader; he doesn’t know how to motivate people.(effective)
4. Spiders make me feel veryuncomfortable.(comfortable)
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