Unit 1: Industrialization, Immigration & The Progressive Movement

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Learning Goal 11 – I will be able to:
-Cite and explain the importance of examples of political corruption during the Gilded Age (Spoils System, political machines, political bosses, Tammany Hall)
-Identify seven voting problems during the Progressive Era and six solutions proposed to fix them (16^th Amendment, 17^th Amendment, Direct Primary, Initiative, Referendum, Recall, Wisconsin Plan)
-Summarize why these reforms were put in place

7. 
   Problems and Solutions
   
   1. 
      Political
      
      1. 
         Late 1800s, politics dominated by political machines – organizations that used different strategies to get candidates in office
         
         1. 
            Stuffed ballot boxes, paid voters, bribes, etc.
            
         2. 
            Political bosses = leaders of political machines
            
         3. 
            Spoils System – giving government jobs based on loyalty, get unqualified people filling jobs
            
            1. 
               Begun by Thomas Jefferson, made famous by Andrew Jackson who fired federal employees after he was elected in replaced them with men loyal to him, but who lacked experience or qualification
               
            2. 
               Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 tried to award jobs based on merit; candidates for government jobs had to pass a test
               
      2. 
         Tammany Hall – New York City political machine, 12,000 gov’t jobs to supporters
         
   2. 
      Voting Problems and solutions
      
      1. 
         Government is providing more to the citizens and has to find ways to raise revenue to pay for it
         
         
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