Vojenské rozhledy 1/2000, Czech Military Review [vr no 1/2000] English Annotation The Alliance Dimension of Conceptual Frame of Security And Defence Policy of the Czech Republic
Download 1.5 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- ALLIANCE CO-OPERATION
ECONOMY TIES AND EFFECTIVENESSDetecting Margin Reserves in Defence Sector and Insufficient Military Budgets by Doc. PhDr. Miroslav Krč, CSc. From the historical point of view, in the world of politics and economics of defence industries, there always was some suspicion that practical maintenance of arms arsenals by state owned factories or organizations are the source of ineffectivity in public sector. It demonstrates the incompetence of a state to control defence industry. On the other hand, private sector has also its own internal defects. Among most serious and permanent deficiencies belong: offering low prices and subsequent raise in outlays, unnecessary sophisticated arms and their expensive production, wrongly calculated outgoings, politically influenced purchases (both of civilian and arms products). We speak about high pace of technological changes, frequent ”upgradings” of arrangements, necessary continuity of systems, their ”self-support”, with high level of technological independence, and the maintenance of life cycle. The term ”user requirements” now covers also—apart from military capacities—building-up corresponding national service abilities. Business negotiations between military contractor and civilian provider cannot be characterized by a simple way. The behaviour of Defence Ministry, as a state representative, pushes military official to minimize buying prices. But illegal lobbing of arms industry representatives, i.e. the former top-army officials working in defence industry, signalizes that the MoD is more ”flexible” than ”people’s representatives” ought to be. Thus challenges of defence procurement and peace economics reflect in many ways not only economy problems, but also moral state of all society. [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] Economy Aspects of Arms Procurement in the ACR by 1stLt. Ing. Bohuslav Pernica. Sources for any social organization are always of economy nature. Therefore even the arms and equipment procurement has its own economy dimension. The trend of professionalisation of the ACR leads to higher expenses for (i) modernization and (ii) professional personnel, which will demand higher financial sources. Where to get them? The author describes the situation of the pre-war ”first” republic, which developed several inspiring methods, securing financial sources for defence purposes. E.g.: the Fund for Material Needs of National Defence (financing border fortresses by tax-free promissory notes), and the Budget Adjustment Act (which complemented finance sources of Military District Administrations for arms, equipments and building programmes, by money from a special fund, established for unforeseen expenditures, namely for motorization of the pre-war army, beyond obvious military budget). This may be an example even for us; the allocation of sources for the armed forces—their relative levels—ought to be legally maintained without futile parliamentary debates over a detailed allocation of defence budget. The sum of money would by set by law, and not by a resolution of government. [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] Public Commissions Assessment (Graduated Tables and Scales) by Doc. PhDr. František Ochrana, DrSc. We have several assessment applications: the simplest one is a nominal (binary) scale, with logical code 1 or 0, respectively. Firstly we determine relevant qualities and then find whether the desirable quality is present, by means of simple answers Yes or No. This method is surpassed by classification scale. Ordinal scale is characterized by two parameters. The scale runs from 1 to 5. But it is very difficult to find the centre of gravity. So, the problem is solved by ordinal point scale (1-10 points). The highest technique is cardinal numerical scale. It is available in two forms: (i) as interval scale (congruity, diversity, and disparity); (ii) comparative scale. Individual criteria have different centres of gravity. All methods are accompanied by mathematical formulas to illustrate project assessment. With their help we can avoid various speculations in the press over ”purity” of military commissions. Mr Ochrana constitutes his essay upon the article ”A Scaling Method for Priorities in Hierarchical Structures” by L.T. Saaty, published in the Journal of Mathematical Psychology 15/1977 and the book ”The Analytic Hierarchy Process” by the same author. [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] ALLIANCE CO-OPERATIONStandardization—One of Basic Instruments of Interoperability with the Armies of NATO Member States by Col. GSO Ing. Josef Veselý, CSc. The fundamental priority of the Czech Republic is to guarantee outer security of our state. At present, our state defence is strategically oriented towards full integration into the NATO alliance and the European Union. A relevant aspect of this process is the formation of law environment which enable gradual merging the Army of the Czech Republic into NATO and the EU. The author of this article explains in his paper several terms of defence standardization: compatibility, interoperability, exchangeability, or commonality (AAP-3), which are necessary for uniform understanding of concepts, doctrines, in armaments, technological and administrative spheres of activities. He further explains origins of standardization process in NATO, from the Interoperability Goals programme, via Defence Capability Initiative, till now. He makes us acquainted with: Standard NATO Agreement, NATO Committee for Standardization, Military Agency for Standardization, NATO Consultation Command and Control Board and so on. At the end he summarises activities and measures the Czech Defence Ministry has adopted in this field. Our first priority: we have to put together official Czech Language Dictionary of Military Terms and English-Czech Military Dictionary with about 20.000 entries. [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] Configuration of Military Materiel and Equipment by Prof. Ing. Miloš Štěpánek, DrSc., and Doc. Ing. Milan Šebesta, CSc. The article explains the term ”configuration” and indicates main differences in comparison with their previous application. NATO directives require the adoption of configuration management, configuration items control and documentation support in harmony with STANAG 4159 and STANAG 4427. Necessary characteristics of functional and physical parameters (specifications, graphs, designs, inventories, networks charts, technical manuals, computer programs, etc.) are taken into account. Process covers three basic levels (i) planning and development—development baseline; (ii) during the production—product baseline, and (iii); their functioning and performance in practice. The basic element of configuration management is functional baseline. Configuration status enables to monitor all changes. And physical configuration audit testifies functionality and completeness of given items. Any supplier has to describe procedures of identification, control, and configuration. He must put together a plan of configuration management, which is in fact the foundation for activities of state authorities, testing the quality of products. All is done in the framework of life cycle, with the help of the so-called back feed, so that we could trace deviations from norms and consequently we may adopt indispensable corrections. [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] Information Flows of Defence Research & Development and Technologies between NATO and the CR by Col. Doc. Ing. Jindřich Ploch, CSc., Ing. Jiří Aron. In the frame of permanent representation of the CR in the Research and Technology Organization (RTO), built originally within the Partnership for Peace Programme, the Czech Republic both maintains information influx, its distribution, and purposefully enables the active participation of Czech experts in RTO activities. This article deals mainly with the RTO, which is an NATO organization, established by the North Atlantic Council (NAC) and directed by the Military Committee and the Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNAD). The RTO is an integrating body, which offers knowledge and technological assistance to NATO member states, with the aim to increase their scientific and technological potential. It sponsors collective studies and research projects. The RTO has three levels: (i) Research and Technology Board (RTB) and Research and Technology Agency (RTA); (ii) six RTA expert groups (called panels); (iii) technical teams realizing set programmes. In the year 2000, there are 107 various themes, partly covering even the Czech fields of interest. Among those items are: the gradual ageing of Czech planes, their life cycles, the integration of military and civil air control and likewise. For this, there are RTO publication distributed among member states all over Europe (AGARDographs, Meeting Proceedings, Educational Notes, Technical Reports and Technical Memoranda). This belongs to the sphere of the National Office for Armaments of the CR and the Military Office for Science, Defence Research and Technologies. The information corridor between NATO and Czech scientific communities is built up in co-operation among two above mentioned institutions and the Board of Defence Sector, as a model system. Thus we have an access to NATO strategical technologies, which is of vital importance for our country. [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] SINTAS Visions, New Initiatives, Programmes and Organizations (Interoperable Automatic Testing Systems for NATO) by Col. Ing. Karel Jahelka, Doc. Ing. Vladimír Rybák, CSc., Doc. Ing. Čestmír Vlček, CSc. Submitted material, which arose from long-term partnership of the authors, traces ways how to reduce expenses of the whole life cycles of weapons systems in NATO countries. It starts out from the vision of interoperable, fully automatic test systems, known under the abbreviation SINATS (Sparing Interoperable NATO’s Automatic Test Systems). The systems have to systematically connect sw and hw in the fields of education, training and logistic support (etls), for the whole time of life cycle of end items (ei), of main weapons and information systems (ws/is). On the competitive market we may see a probable victor—the modernized system. Its representative is the Reconfigurable Transportable system CASS. In fact, it is a further generational pace, following MATE (Modular Automatic Test equipment), CASS (Consolidated Automated Support System), IFTE (Integrated Family of Test Equipment) and French military system ATS D2G. The main purpose of SINTAS is interoperability, or core unification, especially sw and hw. Even now we have fully developed systems for pre-operational phases TTPM (Total Testing Productivity Management) and TTEM (Total Testing Efficiency Management) for operational phases. SINATS architectures might contribute to higher effectivity and savings during implementation, upgrading and modernization of their infrastructures. The realization of SINATS principles is actually a part of revolution in military affairs (RMA). [VR SP Armt Issue 2000] Directory: images images -> Pelan pentaksiran kursus images -> Military callsign list as of dec 2010 images -> For Date: 02/01/2013 Friday Call Number Time Call Reason Action 13-768 0008 motor vehicle stop warning Issued images -> New embedded S images -> Creating Buy-In – Building Relationships images -> Deadline: Saturday, March 12th, 2016 images -> News items from Raising Our Voices images -> Last year four of the best Afrikaans Christian singers joined forces to tour Down Under with the production ‘Manne wat Glo’ images -> World-renowned vocal ensemble sweet honey in the rock images -> Peoples Voice Café History Download 1.5 Mb. Share with your friends:
|