What Is Resource Management?
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BIOCHEMISTRY CURRICULUM, Lecture note on Statistics for Physical, Lecture note on Statistics for Physical
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- POWER MEANING
- DEFINITION
- IMPORTANCE OF POWER
- FACTORS INFLUENCING POLITICAL BEHAVIOUR
| Delegate / Free Rein / Laissez Faire Leader
A free-rein leader does not lead, but leaves the group entirely to itself. Such a leader allows maximum freedom to subordinates; they are given a free hand in deciding their own policies and methods. Different situations call for different leadership styles. In an emergency when there is little time to converge on an agreement and where a designated authority has significantly more experience or expertise than the rest of the team, an autocratic leadership style may be most effective; however, in a highly motivated and aligned team with a homogeneous level of expertise, a more democratic or laissez-faire style may be more effective. The style adopted should be the one that most effectively achieves the objectives of the group while balancing the interests of its individual members. Although good leaders use all three styles, with one of them normally dominant, bad leaders tend to stick with one style. POWER MEANINGThe term 'Power' may be defined as the capacity to exert in influence over others. If a person has power, it means that he is able to influence the behaviour of other individuals. The essence of power is control over the behaviour of others. "In one's role as a supervisor, a manager's power may be seen as the ability to cause subordinates to do what the manager wishes him to do". A manager's power may be measured in terms of the ability to: Give rewards Promise rewards Threaten to withdraw current rewards 4] Withdraw current rewards 5] Threaten punishment, and 6] Punish. Power is the degree of influence an individual or group has in decision making, without being authorized by the organization to do so. Power is used not only in getting a certain result achieved but it includes impact on negative decisions, or the action of not deciding also. Therefore, power is not only one's influence over the decision - making, but also one's capability of limiting the scope of actual decision - making. DEFINITIONPower is defined as the ability to influence and control anything that is of value of others. NATURE OF POWERPower can be potential or enacted. Power represents the capacity, ability or potential to influence the behaviour of other people to achieve a certain goal. Leaders exercise power to accomplish goals of an organization. Leaders have only as much power as others allow them to have. Some times appearing to be powerful is just as important as being powerful. Power is neither completely formal nor informal. It is rather a judicious mixture of two. IMPORTANCE OF POWERNecessary for coordinated activities Basis for authority and responsibility. POLITICS MEANINGPolitics relates to the way a person is able to get power over others and the way in which he uses power over others. In other words, it is the process whereby power is acquired and exercised upon others to influence their behaviour or to get things done. Thus, it is a method of operating in order to influence the behaviour of others. DEFINITIONPolitics in organization are those activities that are not required as part of one's formal role in the organization, but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within the organization. - FEATURES OF POLITICSPolitical behaviour involves some kind of power either directly or indirectly. Power can be exercised by those who are in formal positions and enjoy authority. It can also be influenced by other persons close to those who hold formal authority. Politics involves behaviour that is self - serving. It suggests that either organizational resources are used for personal benefits or benefits to be given to one person are given to another. In both the cases, the decision is not rational from organization's point of view. Politics takes place when an individual recognises that achievement of his goals is influenced by the behaviour of others. In such a case, politicking involves the elimination of adversaries by the influential manueuvers of a member of the organization. All self - serving behaviours which do not involve use of power or threat of use of power cannot be termed as politics. For example, an employee's asking for a rise in pay is not political behaviour, but the use of threat to unionize to obtain a pay rise amounts to political behaviour. FACTORS INFLUENCING POLITICAL BEHAVIOURA number of factors are responsible for political behaviour. These factors are grouped into individual factors and organizational factors. Individual factorsDownload 402.5 Kb. Share with your friends:
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