Chapter III infrastructure Roads and Bridges

Most cities in Uttar Pradesh have not developed in a sustainable way. The growth of urban population has on the one hand resulted in widespread deficiencies in housing and urban services and high incidence of deprivation on the other. Housing is one of the basic necessities of life. ‘Housing’ means more than a roof, it includes- adequate space, civic amenities, security of tenure, structural stability, lighting and ventilation, security, privacy, access to work place- all at an affordable cost. ‘Affordable’ not only in financial term, but livability, acceptability, inclusiveness & sustainability too. Affordable housing especially to the urban poor is a social obligation of the State and a big challenge which requires innovative thinking and planning.

With growing urbanization, there is a rapid growth of slums too. According to the estimates of Central Statistical Organization, slum population of Uttar Pradesh was 58.4 lac in 1991, 77.10 lac in 2001 and 1.02 crore in 2011 which is 23.05% of the urban population as per Census-2011. There is a tremendous pressure on urban infrastructure systems especially water supply, drainage, sewerage, and solid waste management. Water supply connection is available for only 50% households in Nagar Nigam towns and 41% of total water supplied is non-revenue i.e. it goes waste as leakage. Only 20% of urban areas is serviced by sewerage system and only 73% households is having toilet facilities. Only 58% of urban centers have storm water drainage and only 88% of solid waste is collected. No city is having integrated drainage and solid waste management system.

Shortage of affordable housing is a serious problem facing today not only in Uttar Pradesh but the country as a whole. The high urban growth entails considerable investment into housing and physical and social infrastructure. It is estimated that housing industry in the country contributes to about 6% of the GDP. It is ironical that while urban population is increasing rapidly, supply of serviced land and housing units is restricted leading to creation of sub-standard and illegal housing stock.

The projected housing shortage at the beginning of 12^th Five Year Plan (2012-17) has been estimated at 5.46 lakh dwelling units and about 13.20 lakh households are expected to be added up to the end of 12^th Plan as per the population projections. Besides, the requirement against unserviceable katcha houses, requirement owing to congestion factor and requirement owing to obsolescence factor would be 0.099 lakh, 2.06 lakh and 3.30 lakh units, respectively. Thus, the total housing requirement during 12^th Plan period is expected to be 24.119 lakh say 24.0 lakh dwelling units which means that 4.8 lakh dwelling units will have to be provided annually.

Thus, the biggest challenge is to provide basic services and basic housing to the urban citizens at affordable cost. The existing infrastructure scenario calls for review of existing policies, rules and regulations, adopting innovative concepts and promoting public-private partnerships for provision of infrastructure and affordable housing.

Most of the cities in Uttar Pradesh have been facing urban transport problems for many years, affecting the mobility of people and economic growth of the urban areas. These problems are due to inadequate transport infrastructure and its sub-optimal use; lack of integration between land use and transport planning; lack of mass transport system and little improvement in city bus services, which encourage a shift to personalized modes. The challenge for improved bus transport is to provide good quality service at an affordable price. It is also important to evaluate alternative public transport technologies in the context of the city characteristics. Many cities of State like Lucknow, Kanpur, Agra, Allahabad, Varanasi and Meerut have prepared Comprehensive Mobility Plans. Bus systems have been improved under the JNNURM scheme through provision of better buses, improved information system and prioritization of bus flows through dedicated bus lane. However, it is still not enough to cater to the growing need of cities.

Hence the State Government had decided to launch Metro Rail Services in city of Lucknow and Ghaziabad in I-Phase. At present the work of Metro rail is in progress at both the places. Also after the Feasibility report, DPR is being prepared by RITES (an expert institution of Ministry of Railways) for the implementation of Metro Rail projects at Varanasi, Kanpur Nagar, Agra and Meerut. Kanpur metro rail and Varanasi Metro Rail projects are likely to be started in the financial year 2016-17.

The previous State Urban Housing Policy was announced in the year 1995. Government of India has announced National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy-2007 and the State governments are required to frame their Urban Housing Policies in accordance with the same. As a follow up, the Housing and Urban Planning Department has announced the State Housing and Habitat Policy-2014. The main objective of the proposed policy is to provide Affordable Housing for All with special emphasis on housing for the urban poor and promote inclusive and sustainable development of cities by utilizing the capacities of multiple stakeholders.

The various strategic proposals envisaged in the policy include planned and sustainable development of cities, new vision to promote contained, compact, multi-centered pattern of urban growth along highway corridor zones and major transport corridors, adoption of mixed land use concept with high density and FAR, urban redevelopment and densification and reorientation of Master Plan approach, etc. It also envisages formulation of new Land Acquisition Policy, adoption of Land Pooling Schemes and Transferable Development Rights to overcome the problems being encountered in the assembly/acquisition of land under the Land Acquisition Act. The policy advocates a multi-pronged strategy to meet the housing needs of the urban poor, suggests approach to development and maintenance of infrastructure strategy to improve public transport in metro cities, conservation of environment, integrated development of urban and rural areas, capacity building and development of MIS as well as legal and regulatory reforms required to implement the provisions of the policy. It also defines the role of public, private and cooperative sectors and outlines an action plan for implementation of the policy.

Implementation of Revised Integrated Township Policy

Integrated Township Policy was announced in 2005 to promote private investment in housing and infrastructure by permitting development of Integrated Townships ranging from 25-500 acres of land. This policy provides for registration and licensing of private developers, procedure for land assembly, approval of DPR and execution of development works. The major thrust of this policy is to provide affordable housing to various sections of the society. It also contains mandatory provisions to provide minimum 20% houses for economically weaker section and low income groups through cross-subsidization as per the norms and cost ceiling prescribed by the Development Authorities.

It is imperative to make cities clean, safe and sustainable to improve the quality of life of urban population through indigenous approach. In view of resource constraints of Government and its agencies, it was felt to prepare an action plan through utilization of limited available resources to improve the quality of urban life in minimum time period. With this objective, an action plan, to develop cities of historical, socio-cultural and tourism importance as Model Cities, has been issued by the Government Short term projects will be implemented in selected cities through implementation agencies under Model Cities Action Plan.

Ayodhya, Faizabad, Sitapur, Chitrakoot, Mahoba, Charkhari, Vrindavan have been selected and DPR for action plan is being prepared. The main components are,

Improvement of Traffic and Transportation,

Strengthening/improvement of infrastructural services,

Improvement of educational and medical facilities,

Environmental improvement and conservation,

Conservation and improvement of Heritage sites,

Provision of Affordable Housing,

Redressal of Public grievances,

Public Safety, and

Public awareness.

Under this scheme minimum two room houses with toilet, bathroom, kitchen, balcony with a maximum carpet area of 75 sqm will be made available to lower middle and middle income groups. The ceiling cost of houses have been prescribed based on super built-up area @ Rs. 3000/- sqft in N.C.R. areas, @ Rs. 2800/- sqft in Metro cities and @ Rs. 2500/- sqft in other cities. Government has extended various incentives viz. exemption from payment of land use conversion charges, exemption from payment of stamp duty at the time of transfer of houses to allottees, exemption from payment of internal development charges, etc. so as to reduce the cost of houses. Government has instructed all the development agencies that efforts shall be made that about 03 lakh houses are constructed under this yojana in next two years.

In the sector-7 of Gomtinagar extension scheme Lucknow, construction of Shane-Oudh Sankul, on approximate 13 acre land on the lines of Connaut Place New Delhi, has been proposed. The construction of the project is proposed to be completed within 18 months.

Approximately 846.49 acre land of Chak Ganjaria Farm has been taken for the establishment of variety of projects. Most of the departments have prepared D.P.R. for the projects. Lucknow Development Authority has been appointed as Nodal Agency/working Agency for the planned development of Infrastructural facilities in the scheme. As per the project, out of the total land available in Chak Ganjaria farm, it has been decided to establish I.T. City on 100 acre land, Indian Institute of Information Technology on 50 acre land, Cancer Institute, Medi-City & other medical facilities on 100 acre land, Super specialty centre/cardiology centre through PPP mode on 20 acre land, Modernized Milk Processing Plant on 20 acre land, Administrative Training Academy on 25 acre land, Sanskriti School Lucknow on 10 acre land and CSI Tower on 05 acre land. The balance available land shall be transferred to Lucknow Development Authority. After meeting out all the liabilities of the Chak Ganjaria Projects, the surplus revenue collected by the disposal of the land transferred to LDA, shall be transferred to Lucknow Metro Rail Project.

The works of basic amenities under the project of Chak Ganjaria are being executed by LDA which are likely to be completed by July, 2016. The work of Cycle Track is also in progress at the sight.

International Cricket Stadium

An International Cricket Stadium and Sports Complex is being developed with an estimated cost of Rs. 360 crores at Lucknow near the junction of Lucknow-Sultanpur Road and Amar Shaheed Path. Land measuring 137 acres has been identified for this purpose and Lucknow Development Authority has been designated as nodal agency for the implementation of this project on PPP mode. The stadium and sports complex of the capacity of Rs. 50,000.00 persons will also have an International Cricket Stadium, Multi Sports outdoor stadium, Multi sports Indoor Stadium, Lawn Tennis, Club House, Food Courts, Players Hostels, Residential Complex and other necessary facilities within the premises. In the first stage of the project, the construction of International Cricket Stadium is proposed to be completed by December, 2016 while rest of the works of Sports Complex is proposed to be completed by June, 2017.

Construction of Jai Prakash Narain International Centre at Gomti Nagar, Lucknow on 18.6 acre land with an estimated cost of Rs. 843.68 crore is in progress. The proposed center will consist of Auditorium, Library, Banquet Hall, Indoor Swimming Pool, Badminton Court, Conference Hall and other ancillary social amenities and public utilities. The proposed center has been planned and designed as a green building. The project is likely to be completed by October, 2016.

Gomti River flows through the middle of Lucknow city and forms its life line. Lucknow has expanded equally on either sides of this river. At present both the banks of Gomti River are under-developed and have encroachments at many places. The proposed project involves river front development of about 12 km long stretch of Gomti River from Hussainabad Complex to Gomti barrage. The aim of this project is to carry out environmental improvement, rehabilitation of slums situated in the river bed, develop landscape areas to attract the city residents to the riverfront by integrating Cis-Gomti and Trans-Gomti areas. The project will provide useful public spaces, parks and other entertainment areas for enhancing quality of life. At present the stretch of river from Daliganj Bridge to Hanuman Setu of the length 1.70 km is taken for the beautification of river front.

Ghaziabad Development Authority has prepared a proposal to construct 6-lane Northern Peripheral Road joining NH-24 with NH-58 and Loni Road having a total length of 21 kms. Construction of this road will facilitate diversion of through traffic from Ghaziabad and ease out traffic congestion mainly on the Hindon bridge. It will also open-up avenues for new development on either sides of the proposed road especially IT Sector or small and medium industries leading to creation of new employment opportunities. It will also augment the revenue resources of the Ghaziabad Development Authority as well as the State Government. This project is proposed to be implemented on PPP mode for which M/s Feedback Infrastructure and Services Private Limited has been appointed as consultant from the empanelled consultants of Ministry of Surface Transport, Government of India.

Agra Development Authority has been designated as nodal agency for implementation of Agra Inner Ring Road project on PPP mode in three phases. The 10.9 km length from Kanpur road to Fatehabad road is being developed with the cost of the Rs. 819.25 crore in first phase. The road of 10.9 km length is being constructed by ADA while ROB and Yamuna Bridge are being constructed by Housing Department and PWD respectively.

For the construction of Kaife Street on Mall Road, PAC Ground, near Taj Mahal, 7120 sqm government land has been transferred to Agra Development Authority by the district administration. The soil testing work on the land has been completed and the area has been demarcated by barbed wires. The project is likely to be completed within twelve months.

The S.P.V. has been formed for Lucknow Metro Rail Project. Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) has been appointed as interim consultant and Dr. E. Sridharan has been appointed as Chief Consultant for Lucknow Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC). Approximately 52 acres of land has been made available to LMRC free of cost by Home Department of the State at PAC campus of 32^nd PAC Battalion for establishment of the Depote for North-South Corridor. The work of construction and laying the Metro Rail is in progress. The first phase work of the Lucknow Metro Rail project for bringing it in function is likely completed by December, 2016.

After the Feasibility report, DPR is being prepared by RITES (an expert institution of Ministry of Railways) for the implementation of Metro Rail projects at Varanasi, Kanpur Nagar, Agra and Meerut. The DPR for Kanpur Metro Rail has been received to the government. The Kanpur metro rail and Varanasi Metro Rail projects are likely to be started in the financial year 2016-17.

Sanskriti School, Lucknow

In the Campus of C.G. city Lucknow, the construction of Sanskirti school on the piece of land of area 10 acre has been proposed on the lines of Sanskriti school of Government of India.

For the development of the areas in Mathura district, the birth place of Lord Krishna and other related places, a separate board has been set up under the U.P. Brij Niyojan and Vikas Board Act-2015.

Water supply and sanitation are important basic needs affecting the quality of life and productive efficiency of the people. In U.P., there are 636 local bodies out of which 14 Nagar Nigam, 198 Nagar Palika Parishad and 424 Nagar Panchayat whose total population according to 2011 census is 4.45 crore. which is assessed to be 12.84 crore in the year 2040. All towns are provided with piped drinking water facility except 7 Nagar Panchayats. The availability of drinking water as per norms as on 01-04-2016 are as follows:

100% or more availability as per norms 277 towns

More than 75% & <100% water supply 142 towns

More than 50% & < 75% water supply 126 towns

More than 25% & < 50% water supply 84 towns

(Without piped w/s) 7 towns

Total 636 towns

The following water supply and sewerage programmes are to be implemented in the year 2016-17:

Urban Water supply Programme (State sector)

Urban Sewerage & Drainage Programme (State Sector)

District Programme (Normal & SCP)

Ganga Action Plan- Phase-II

Ganga Action Plan-Phase-II is being executed under National River Conservation Programme of Government of India, in the state. Under this scheme, river pollution control works of 23 (including 5 towns of GAP-I) towns situated on the bank of river Ganga, Yamuna and Gomti Action Plan are covered.

In GAP-II project under Ganga Component 5 sewage Treatment Plant of 35.56 mld capacity in Allahabad, Anupshahar & Vindhyachal (Mirzapur) under Yamuna Action Plan-Phase-I component 16 sewage Treatment Plants of 402.79 mld capacity and Under Yamuna Action Plan-Phase-II component 2 sewage Treatment Plants of 14 mld and 40 mld capacity have been constructed and made operational. In addition under Gomti Action component in Phase-I, 1 sewage Treatment Plant of 42 mld in Lucknow, 1 STP of 5 Mld in Sultanpur and in Gomti Phase-II one STP of 345 Mld capacity in Lucknow town have been constructed and made operational. Under this 3 Components of Ganga Action Plan Phase-II, 25 Sewage Treatment Plants having sewage treatment capacity of 884.35 mld have been completed and made operational. Thus in totality 1233.85 mld sewage treatment capacity has been generated under GAP-I & GAP-II.

National Plan Ganga River Basin (NGBRA)

In totality 1233.85 mld sewage treatment capacity has been generated under GAP-I & GAP-II . Lessons from earlier experience indicate that improving water quality in the Ganga cannot be achieved by plugging the infrastructure gap alone. Effective initiative will have to be adopted in a three-pronged approach by (i) establishing a basin-level multi-sectoral framework for addressing pollution in the river (ii) making relevant institutions operational and effective and (iii) implementing a phased program of prioritized infrastructure investments. Under the guidance of Hon'ble Prime Minister National Ganga River Basin Plan has been launched with the aim that by year 2020 no untreated domestic / industrial waste water will be allowed to discharge in the River Ganga. In the Mission Clean Ganga, an authority namely NGRBA has been formed to monitor the relevant pollution abetment works as well as guide the State level Authorities. Hence as a major first step in this direction, Government of India (GOI) had established National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) for the comprehensive management of the river. The NGRBA was supposed to adopt a river-basin approach and has been given a multi-sector mandate to address both water quantity and quality aspects. The NGRBA has resolved that by year 2020, no untreated municipal sewage or industrial effluents will be discharged into River Ganga.

Under NGRBA, 14 schemes for different towns of UP viz. Allahabad (6 Nos.), Varanasi (2 Nos.) and 1 each for Kannauj, Moradabad, Garhmukteshwar, Bithoor, Narora and Anupshahr towns have been sanctioned for Rs. 2256.01 Crore, and are under construction. Sewage Treatment Capacity of 335.90 MLD will be generated by constructing 14 Sewage Treatment Plants. Out of which 4 STPs having Sewage Treatment Capacity of 105.00 MLD of Allahabad town have been constructed.

In the year 2014, Namami Gange programme was launched by GOI in which only Interception & Diversion (I&D) of drains & construction of STPs is to be taken-up. Based on the new guide lines of Namami Gange, 31 projects amounting to Rs. 5753.18 crores for I&D of drains and construction of STPs have been submitted to GOI for approval and further projects of other towns are under preparation.

In the 10th meeting of National River Conservation Authority (NRCA) under the chairmanship of Hon'ble Prime Minister, Government Of India held on 13.03.2001, the decision was taken that "National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) shall receive the same priority as the rivers. As per above decision of Government of India, the Projects for 4 lakes namely, Ramgarh Tal (Gorakhpur), Laxmi Tal (Jhansi), Mansi Ganga Tal (Goverdhan, Dist-Mathura) and Madan sagar Tal (Mahoba) of the state were proposed under NLCP. The detailed estimates of these towns have been submitted to Government of India for approval.

For the prevention of pollution of Ramgarh Tal Gorakhpur, a DPR amounting Rs. 12432.00 lacs was sanctioned by Government of India in financial year 2010-11. This scheme was revised for Rs. 19657.00 lacs and revised scheme is sanctioned by State Government. Works of this project are under execution.

In addition to above scheme for the Pollution prevention of Laxmi Tal Jhansi, a DPR amounting Rs. 5413.00 lacs has been approved by Govt. of India and works proposed are under execution.

For prevention of Pollution Madan Sagar lake of Mahoba Town a project has been prepared and submitted to Govt. of India through State Govt. for approval.

At present, river Yamuna is the main source of raw water for Agra water supply. Water of river Yamuna is highly polluted and the pollution level is beyond the capacity of the conventional water treatment plants to treat it. Since the quality of Yamuna water is deteriorating day by day, there was an urgent need to search for alternate good quality source for Agra/Mathura. So the Government opted to bring Ganga water from Upper Ganga Canal as an alternate to good quality water source for Agra & Mathura city. For suitable and long-term solution of raw water problem of Agra town an estimate amounting to Rs. 1179.72 crores was prepared for conveyance of raw Ganga Water from Palra regulator at upper Ganga Canal (Distt. Bulandshahar) to Agra. Against this the project amounting to Rs, 1076.98 crore was sanctioned in March 2007 and the date of commencement of the project was 23.05.2008. This project is being financed by Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) now Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). 85% of the cost of project is proposed to be financed by JICA while balance 15% of the cost is to be shared by Govt. of U.P. After the appointment of Project Management Consultant (PMC) detailed survey, investigation and testing was done. After this designing on component wise rate for the year 2010-11 DPR was prepared. A DPR of Rs. 2887.92 crore was approved by State EFC on dated 24.12.2010 and at present loan agreement for increased cost of scheme has been signed by GoI & JICA.. In 2015-16 a sum of Rs. 300 Crore was released which has been fully utilised.

Under this project 150 cusecs of water is to be conveyed through 130 km of pipe line from head works near Palra Regulator (Distt. Bulandshahar) to Agra & Mathura city. Out of 150 cusecs of water 10 cusecs of water is proposed to be provided to Mathura and balance 140 cusecs to Agra.