HUMAN TRAFFICKING: LINCOLN PARK HIGH SCHOOL

HUMAN TRAFFICKING: LINCOLN PARK HIGH SCHOOL

Exact Plan Text:

The USFG should substantially increase engagement with the PRC to strengthen implementation of the Palermo Protocols to combat Human and Sex Trafficking in their respective regions.

Sex Trafficking- Trafficking is rampant in China and this fuels an international market. Trafficking victims are not only physically abused but mentally tormented into nothingness. This is a form of slavery that results in social death.

Working with the voluntary organizations and private sector who contribute to trafficking is key to stronger implementation of the Palermo protocols. Action from the US and China are vital for combatting trafficking in the high rate region of South East Asia. Furthermore, a victim centered approach is key to stronger implementation. This enforcement of rights reduces victims’ vulnerability to trafficking.

Judge decision calculus should be based on moral obligation to protect our fundamental human rights. We assert human trafficking is a highly significant violation of rights today.
1AC Cite List:

US State Department 2016 "China & Human Rights." U.S. Department of State. U.S. Department of State, n.d. Web.  2016. https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2016/258744.htm

Savanne Estourgie – Professor at Radbounf University Nijmegen “The Fight against Human Trafficking: Why do countries ratify, but not all comply with the Palermo Protocol?” No Date (Pg 3)(http://theses.ubn.ru.nl/bitstream/handle/123456789/1710/MA16.03%20Savanne %20Estourgie%20Master Thesis_Printversion.pdf?sequence=1

Melissa Farley -  licensed clinical psychologist and researcher and feminist sex trade researcher. 2015, “Slavery and Prostitution: A Twenty-First-Century Abolitionist Perspective” 3-5 http://www.prostitutionresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Slavery-Prostitution-Farley-2015.pdf

Theresa May – Home Secretary 2011 "Human Trafficking: The Government’s Strategy." Human Trafficking: The Government’s Strategy (2011): 8. Web. 28 Nov. 2016.

IFR Nuclear Reactors: Whitney Young

The Exact Plan Text: Thus the plan - The United States federal government should offer to substantially expand technical assistance on nuclear power to the People’s Republic of China, in exchange for their participation in a joint program to develop, demonstrate, license, and regulate integral fast reactors utilizing the S-PRISM design.

Advantages/Solvency:

Advantage 1: Nuclear Leadership 

Chinese leadership of the global nuclear accord results in bad nuclear energy standards which results in nuclear meltdowns and proliferation due to diminishing credibility of international proliferation agreements. IFRs would maintain US leadership over nuclear energy and ensure safe global development of IFR technology. 
Advantage 2: Warming 

IFR technology can solve for warming because its a cheap alternative to fossil fuels. IFR is the best form of energy to resolve warming because renewables are too expensive. Specifically US-China cooperation over climate change is key to send an international signal.  

Cites:

Massive Chinese nuclear expansion now – they’ll overtake the US in nuclear energy by 2026

Wang 2/3 [Brian, Source: World Nuclear Association, February 2017, “China carrying forward with large scale development of nuclear energy from US research that has been underdeveloped,” http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2017/02/china-carrying-forward-with-large-scale.html]

China’s rapid nuclear expansion will result in it overtaking the U.S. as

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in energy if the USA chose to replace all of its coal generation.

They’re building power stations and fuel recycling capacities far away from each other

China Daily 2/15 [China news source, February 2016, “China to make big moves on nuclear energy by 2020,” http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2017-02/15/content_28208737.htm]

The 13th Five-Year Plan for nuclear energy development has been officially released with

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is only 3 percent, far below the global average of 11 percent.

Unsafe Chinese expansion risks catastrophic super-meltdowns --- Chinese plants are using a cacophony of designs with shoddy safety regulations

Tickell 15 [Oliver, science and environment journalist published in numerous magazines including New Scientist, New Statesman and The Economist, October 30, 2015, “Does China’s Nuclear Boom Threaten a Global Catastrophe?” http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/10/30/does-chinas-nuclear-boom-threaten-a-global-catastrophe/]

“China shows the way to build nuclear reactors fast and cheap.” That

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air and sea currents to make the world’s first truly global nuclear catastrophe.

Causes nuclear winter and extinction

Drell, Professor emeritus of theoretical physics at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University, Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board and Science Advisory Committee, 12

(THE NUCLEAR ENTERPRISE High-Consequence Accidents: How to Enhance Safety and Minimize Risks in Nuclear Weapons and Reactors, pg. 1-3)

We live in dangerous times for many reasons. Prominent among them is the existence

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the public by providing information on how to respond to such an event.

Unsafe reprocessing practices are expanding globally --- those stoke an atmosphere of paranoia and instability that escalates to nuclear acquisition and causes global prolif

Armstrong 16 [Ian Armstrong is a Supervisor and Researcher at Wikistrat, he previously assisted in research at Temple University, the University of Pennsylvania, Scottish Parliament, and Hudson Institute's Center for Political-Military Analysis, where he has focused on non-proliferation and international energy, his research has been presented at conferences at Tufts University and University of Edinburgh, and his analysis has been featured at prominent outlets such as Business Insider, Foreign Policy Association, CBS News, and RealClearEnergy, “East Asian plutonium policies risk regional stability,” Global Risk Insight, April 25, 2016, http://globalriskinsights.com/2016/04/east-asian-plutonium-policies]

In contrast, China’s plutonium reprocessing ambitions are only now beginning to materialize into concrete

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interest in nuclear reprocessing far outweigh any benefit achieved in nuclear waste management.

Prolif causes extinction --- only impact capable of breaching mutually assured deterrence

Kroenig 15 [Matthew, Associate Professor and International Relations Field Chair in the Department of Government and School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, “The History of Proliferation Optimism: Does It Have a Future?,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 38, Issue 1-2, 2015]

The spread of nuclear weapons poses at least six severe threats to international peace and

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, any one of those crises could result in a catastrophic nuclear exchange.

US nuclear exports are declining but revitalizing the industry now ensures nuclear leadership—this solves science diplomacy and nuclear safety

Sukin 16 – PhD student in Political Science at Stanford (Lauren, "Time to Rebuild the Declining U.S. Nuclear Industry." National Interest. 5/19/16. nationalinterest.org/feature/how-america-can-dominate-global-nuclear-energy-16274?page=3)

Today, the U.S. nuclear export industry is in decline. While

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nuclear accidents as well as intelligence that could be useful for nonproliferation activities.

And, the mechanism of the plan ensures international S&T cooperation centered on the US

Norris, 08 [Lessons of the Manhattan Project By Robert S. Norris Natural Resources Defense Council A presentation to the National Academies’ Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy (COSEPUP) September 5, 2008. http://docs.nrdc.org/nuclear/files/nuc_08100901A.pdf]

Modern large-scale R&D efforts to address national problems such as climate

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I hope that my comments here this morning may have helped that process.

Science diplomacy solves every extinction risk

Fedoroff, 08 - Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of USAID (Nina, Testimony Before the House Science Subcommittee on Research and Science Education, 4/2, http://www.state.gov/g/oes/rls/rm/102996.htm

Science by its nature facilitates diplomacy because it strengthens political relationships, embodies powerful ideals

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a means to enhance security, increase global partnerships, and create sustainability.

Gen IV is key – it provides innovation necessary to sustain leadership

BusinessWire 10 ( "Expanded Use of Nuclear Energy Will Advance U.S. Energy Security, Technology Leadership and Exports: GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy Chairman." 12/7/10. Business Wire. www.businesswire.com/news/home/20101207006474/en/Expanded-Nuclear-Energy-Advance-U.S.-Energy-Security)

WASHINGTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nuclear power is a great export opportunity for America,

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power sector. That’s something policy makers in both parties can agree on.”

A. Effective tech transfer minimizes ability to proliferate

Till 11 [“IFR FaD 9 – Summary of non-proliferation advantages of the Integral Fast Reactor”, Brave New Climate, 11 March 2011, edited and compiled by Barry Brook, Professor of Climate Change at University of Adelaide, Charles Till, Nuclear physicist and associate lab director at Argonne National Laboratory West]

Steps in the electro-refining pyroprocess¶ In the late eighties and early nineties

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and proof testing of very stable, inert waste forms for final disposal.

B. Economic incentive to forego ENR

Stanford 10 [IFR FaD context – the need for U.S. implementation of the IFR, 18 February 2010 by Barry Brook, This is a context statement for the IFR FaD series, written by Dr. George S. Stanford. George is a nuclear reactor physicist, part of the team that developed the Integral Fast Reactor. He is now retired from Argonne National Laboratory after a career of experimental work pertaining to power-reactor safety. He is the co-author of Nuclear Shadowboxing: Contemporary Threats from Cold War Weaponry. He is a founding member of the Science Council for Global Initiatives, Brave New Climate]

Background info on proliferation (of nuclear weapons). Please follow the reasoning carefully.¶

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of production units, and to develop an appropriate, expeditious licensing process.

C. Resurrecting commercial leadership solves safe global non-prolif regime

Banks 13 [“The Decline of America’s Civil Nuclear Industry and its Impact on Our National Security”, February 9, 2013, Dave Banks, a policy advisor to Heartland and the Director of D.C. Operations for the Alliance of Wise Energy Decisions]

In reality, America’s nuclear energy industry is in rapid decline relative to its foreign

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and services that allow a country to develop the capacity to do so.

US-China cooperation over safe nuclear power development in China is key to prevent warming—now is key

Hansen 14 [James, adjunct professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University, elected to the National Academy of Sciences, has won several awards for his climate change research, “Renewable Energy, Nuclear Power and Galileo: Do Scientists Have a Duty to Expose Popular Misconceptions?”, 2/21/14, http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings/2014/20140221_DraftOpinion.pdf]//

China – U.S. cooperation & planetary resurgence∂ There are many reasons

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United States, but the repercussions of success would ring throughout the planet.

Warming is real and anthropogenic

Adams 16 --- has a degree in agriculture and cites studies done by NASA and the IPCC
(Andrew, Prince George Citizen, 4/16/16, “There is no debating scientific facts,” http://www.princegeorgecitizen.com/opinion/columnists/there-is-no-debating-scientific-facts-1.2229437)//

Last week I wrote about the signs of early spring and put a few jabs

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watching conspiracy theories?" P.s. The Earth is not flat.

Warming causes extinction and turns every impact

Cribb, 17—principal of JCA, Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, former Director, National Awareness, CSIRO (Julian, “The Baker,” Surviving the 21st Century Chapter 4, pg 91-94, dml)

This event, known as the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum or PETM, happened

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extinction eventually”—Helen Berry, Canberra University (Snow & Hannam 2014).

The plan solves—The IFR is the only way to reduce coal emissions sufficiently to avert the worst climate disasters – failing to eliminate coal by 2035 locks in warming

Kirsch 9 (Steve Kirsch, Bachelor of Science and a Master of Science in electrical engineering and computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, American serial entrepreneur who has started six companies: Mouse Systems, Frame Technology, Infoseek, Propel, Abaca, and OneID, "Why We Should Build an Integral Fast Reactor Now," 11/25/9) http://skirsch.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/ifr/

To prevent a climate disaster, we must eliminate virtually all coal plant emissions worldwide

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old child was able to determine this from publicly available information in 2004.

US – China nuclear cooperation key to solve warming – squo nuclear coop now means china would say yes, we just need IFR’s

Cao et al. 16 [Junji, professor at the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, Associate Professor and Executive Director at the Aerosol and Environment Division, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, holds a PhD in Quaternary Environment, numerous scientific journals on carbonaceous aerosol and atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric particulate pollution and paleo-aerosol cycle and past global change, published more than 60 papers including 30 papers in international journals, member of editorial review board of Journal Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Armond Cohen, Co-Founder and Executive Director of the Clean Air Task Force (CATF), a non-profit organization dedicated to reducing atmospheric pollution through research, advocacy and private sector collaboration, CATF is actively promoting the demonstration and adoption of low carbon coal technology in the US, China and India, has been working on the connection between energy, air pollution and climate change for more than two decades, developed and directed the Conservation Law Foundation Energy Project in New England, specializing in energy efficiency, renewable energy and electric industry structure, an honors graduate of the Harvard Law School and Brown University, and served as a judicial clerk for the federal appeals court in Chicago, member of the Keystone Energy Board and the US EPA Clean Air Act Advisory Committee, James Hansen, described by Washington Post as “the world’s most famous climate scientist,” former director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies and is credited with having detected thirty-five years ago that the burning of fossil fuels was creating a greenhouse effect and warming the planet, professor, B.A. in Physics and Mathematics with highest distinction in 1963, an M.S. in Astronomy in 1965 and a Ph.D. in Physics, Richard Lester is the Japan Steel Industry Professor and Head of the Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Associate Provost at MIT, the Founding Director of the Industrial Performance Center at MIT, he is also the Faculty Chair of the MIT Industrial Performance Center, Per Peterson, a Professor and Chair with the Department of Nuclear Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, a nuclear technology expert who studies innovation to improve nuclear energy and fuel cycle technologies, he performs research related to high-temperature fission energy systems, and studies topics related to the safety and security of nuclear materials and waste management, Hongjie Xu, currently serving as the director of the CAS TMSR Center for Excellence overseeing the R&D efforts of both solid fuel and liquid fuel molten salt reactors, his Bachelor degree in physics from Fudan University in 1982, and Ph.D. in physics from Fudan University in 1989, professor at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP), CAS since 1994, 05 Aug 2016, “China-U.S. cooperation to advance nuclear power”, http://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6299/547//bp]

With China having the largest fossil fuel CO2 emissions today and the United States being

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energy needs that are fossil fuel-dependent (see the first figure).

The plan catalyzes a global IFR program --- China says yes --- they’d retrofit their coal plants with IFR’s --- anything less is incapable of solving warming

Blees 8 [Tom Blees is the president of the Science Council for Global Initiatives and a board member of the UN-affiliated World Energy Forum , has been a consultant and advisor on energy technologies on the local, state, national, and international levels, Prescription for the Planet: The painless remedy for our energy and environmental crises,” 2008, p. 309-313]

With all the new coal power plant construction of both the recent past and the

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to bear in order to rectify a terrible—and worsening—situation.

Demonstrating an IFR now is crucial – national support ensures private investment and catalyzes DOE innovation

Kirsch 13 [Steve, Bachelor of Science and a Master of Science in electrical engineering and computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, serial entrepreneur worth $230 million, who has started seven companies: Mouse Systems, Frame Technology Corp., Infoseek, Propel, Abaca, OneID, and Token, “The Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) project: Q&A,” last modified 1/8/2013, http://skirsch.com/politics/globalwarming/ifrQandA.htm]

Q. A former Alcoa executive said this about the IFR: It is a

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same facility. All would share a central control room and recycling facility.

That facilitates global expansion of the IFR

Kirsch et all 9 [Steve Kirsch, Bachelor of Science and a Master of Science in electrical engineering and computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “The Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) project: Q&A”, collaborative attempt to answer questions regarding the integral fast reactor, contribution material, peer editing and review by George Stanford, PhD, a physicist, retired from Argonne National Laboratory, B.Sc. with Honours, Acadia University, M.A.,Wesleyan University, Ph.D. in experimental nuclear physics, Yale University, Tom Blees, Science Council for Global Initiatives, Carl Page, computer science professor at MSU, page last modified 2013]

Q. If this is really so good, how come GE isn't building S

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you'd need about 400 new nuclear plants to displace all the coal plants.

IFR’s are really safe - ignore evidence that doesn’t have the word “S-PRISM”

Blees et al 11 (Tom Blees1, Yoon Chang2, Robert Serafin3, Jerry Peterson4, Joe Shuster1, Charles Archambeau5, Randolph Ware3, 6, Tom Wigley3,7, Barry W. Brook7, 1Science Council for Global Initiatives, 2Argonne National Laboratory, 3National Center for Atmospheric Research, 4University of Colorado, 5Technology Research Associates, 6Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences, 7(climate professor) University of Adelaide, "Advanced nuclear power systems to mitigate climate change (Part III)," 2/24/11) http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/02/24/advanced-nuclear-power-systems-to-mitigate-climate-change/-http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/02/24/advanced-nuclear-power-systems-to-mitigate-climate-change/

Metal Fuel: The Ultimate Safety Valve¶ One of the most important of the

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be a reactor design that even the most paranoid could feel good about.

IFR’s are more cost-effective

Nicholson 12 [“The Power Makers’ Challenge – and the need for Fission Energy (Part 2)”, Posted on 18 May 2012 by Barry Brook, Prof of Climate Change at U Adelaide, Energy Collective, Article by Martin Nicholson. Martin studied mathematics, engineering and electrical sciences at Cambridge University in the UK and graduated with a Masters degree in 1974. He has spent most of his working life as business owner and chief executive of a number of information technology companies in Australia, author of Energy in a Changing Climate, lead author of a 2011 paper in the journal Energy]

PART 2¶ Fission Energy¶ The big difference between a coal and fission energy

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fuels. So why do many in the community still resist using it?

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