SECTION 607 BUILDING MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

SECTION 607

BUILDING MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

1. 
   Factory-installed piping within HVAC equipment tested and rated in accordance with Section 607.2.
   
2. 
   Piping conveying fluids having a design operating temperature range between 60F and 105F.
   
3. 
   Piping conveying fluids not heated or cooled such as roof and condensate drains, cold water supply, and natural gas piping.
   
4. 
   Where heat gain or heat loss will not increase energy usage such as liquid refrigerant piping.
   
5. 
   Piping having an outside diameter or 1 inch or less, associated with strainers, control valves, and balancing valves.
   

1. 
   Piping with a nominal diameter larger than ¼ inch shall be insulated.
   
2. 
   The proportions in this column apply to all nominal pipe diameters greater than ¼ inch and less than or equal to 2 inches. For nominal pipe diameters larger than 2 inches, outside diameter, the minimum wall thickness of the insulation shall be equal to the wall thickness required for 2 inch pipe.
   
3. 
   For insulation outside the stated conductivity range, the minimum thickness shall be determined as follows: T = r[(1 + t/r)K/k – 1].
   

T = minimum insulation thickness (in.).

r = actual outside radius of pipe (in.).

t = insulation thickness listed in the table for applicable fluid temperature and pipe size.

K = conductivity of alternate material at mean rating temperature indicated for the applicable fluid temperature (Btu·in./h·ft2·°F)

k = the upper value of the conductivity range listed in the table for the applicable fluid temperature.

4. 
   These thicknesses are based on energy efficiency considerations only.
   

1. Individual fan-cooling units with a supply capacity less than the minimum listed in Table 607.6.1(1).

2. Systems that require filtration equipment in order to meet the minimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code.

3. In Group I-2, Hospitals, and Group B, Ambulatory health care facilities, where more than 75 percent of the air designed to be supplied by the system is to spaces that are required to be humidified above 35 F dew-point temperature to comply with applicable codes or accreditation standards. In all other occupancies, where more than 25 percent of the air designed to be supplied by the system is to spaces that are designed to be humidified above 35°F dew-point temperature to satisfy process needs.

4. Systems that include a condenser heat recovery system that has the capacity to provide sixty percent of the peak heat rejection load at design conditions;

5. Systems that serve residential spaces where the system capacity is less than five times the requirement listed in Table 607.6.1(1).

6. Systems that serve spaces having a sensible cooling load at design conditions, excluding transmission and infiltration loads, of less than or equal to transmission and infiltration losses at an outdoor temperature of 60°F.

7. Systems expected to operate less than 20 hours per week.

8. Where the use of outdoor air for cooling will affect supermarket open refrigerated casework systems.

9. Where the cooling efficiency meets or exceeds the efficiency improvement requirements in Table 607.6.1(2).

a. The total capacity of all systems without economizers shall not exceed 480,000

TABLE 607.6.1.1.3(1) HIGH-LIMIT SHUTOFF CONTROL OPTIONS FOR AIR ECONOMIZERS
CLIMATE ZONES	ALLOWED CONTROL TYPES	PROHIBITED CONTROL TYPES
1b, 2b, 3b, 3c, 4b, 4c, 5b, 5c, 6b, 7, 8	Fixed dry bulb Differential dry bulb Electronic enthalpy a Differential enthalpy Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures	Fixed enthalpy
1a, 2a, 3a, 4a	Fixed enthalpy Electronic enthalpy a Differential enthalpy Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures	Fixed dry bulb Differential dry bulb
All other climates	Fixed dry bulb Differential dry bulb Fixed enthalpy Electronic enthalpy a Differential enthalpy Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures

1. 
   Electronic enthalpy controllers are devices that use a combination of humidity and dry-bulb temperature in their switching algorithm.
   

TABLE 607.6.1.1.3(2) HIGH-LIMIT SHUTOFF CONTROL SETTING FOR AIR ECONOMIZERS
DEVICE TYPE	CLIMATE	REQUIRED HIGH LIMIT (ECONOMIZER OFF WHEN)
Fixed dry bulb	1b, 2b, 3b, 3c, 4b, 4c, 5b, 5c, 6b, 7, 8, 5a, 6a, 7a All other zones	EQUATION	DESCRIPTION
		TOA>75°F	Outdoor air temperature exceeds 75°F
		TOA>70°F	Outdoor air temperature exceeds 70°F
		TOA>65°F	Outdoor air temperature exceeds 65°F
Differential dry bulb	1b, 2b, 3b, 3c, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 7, 8	TOA>TRA	Outdoor air temperature exceeds return air temperature
Fixed enthalpy	All	hOA> 28 Btu/lba	Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds 28 Btu/lb of dry aira
Electronic Enthalpy	All	(TOA , RHOA) > A	Outdoor air temperature/RH exceeds the "A" setpoint curveb
Differential enthalpy	All	hOA> hRA	Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds return air enthalpy
Dew-point and dry bulb temperatures	All	DPOA>55°F or TOA>75°F	Outdoor air dry bulb exceeds 75°F or outside dew point exceeds 55°F (65 gr/lb)

at 75°F and 50 percent relative humidity. As an example, at approximately 6000 ft elevation the fixed enthalpy limit is approximately 30.7 Btu/lb.

b. Setpoint “A” corresponds to a curve on the psychometric chart that goes through a point at approximately 75°F and 40 percent relative humidity and is nearly parallel to dry-bulb lines at low humidity levels and nearly parallel to enthalpy lines at high humidity levels.

607.6.2 Economizer systems for complex HVAC equipment. Economizer systems for complex HVAC equipment shall be designed in accordance with Sections 607.6.2.1 through 607.6.2.4.

607.6.2.1 Design capacity. Water economizer systems shall be capable of cooling supply air by indirect evaporation and providing up to 100 percent of the expected system cooling load at outdoor air temperatures of 50°F dry bulb / 45° wet bulb and below.

Exception: Systems in which a water economizer is used and where dehumidification requirements cannot be met using outdoor air temperatures of 50°F dry bulb/ 45°F wet bulb must satisfy 100 percent of the expected system cooling load at 45°F dry bulb/40°F wet bulb.

607.6.2.2 Maximum pressure drop. Pre-cooling coils and water-to-water heat exchangers used as part of a water economizer system shall either have a water-side pressure drop of less than 15 ft of water or a secondary loop shall be created so that the coil or heat exchanger pressure drop is not seen by the circulating pumps when the system is in the normal cooling non-economizer mode.

607.6.2.3 Integrated economizer control. Economizer systems shall be integrated with the mechanical cooling system and shall be capable of providing partial cooling whether or not additional mechanical cooling is required to meet the remainder of the cooling load.

607.6.2.4 Economizer heating system impact. HVAC system design and economizer controls shall be such that economizer operation does not increase the building heating energy use during normal operation.

Exception: Economizers on VAV systems that cause zone level heating to increase because of reduction in supply air temperature.

607.7 Variable air volume (VAV) fan control. Individual fans with motors of 1.0 horsepower (0.746 kW) or greater shall be one of the following:

1. Driven by a mechanical or electrical variable speed drive;

2. Driven by a vane-axial fan with variable-pitch blades; or

3. Provided with controls or devices that will result in fan motor demand of not more than 30 percent of its design wattage at 50 percent of design airflow when static pressure set point equals one-third of the total design static pressure, based on manufacturer’s certified fan data.

Static pressure sensors used to control VAV fans shall be placed in a position such that the controller set point is not greater than one-third of the total design fan static pressure, except for systems with direct digital control. If this results in the sensor being located downstream of major duct splits, multiple sensors shall be installed in each major branch to ensure that the static pressure can be maintained in each branch.

For systems with direct digital control of individual zone boxes reporting to the central control panel, the static pressure set point shall be reset based on the zone requiring the most pressure. The set point shall be reset lower until one zone damper is wide open.

Where the total kitchen hood exhaust airflow rate is greater than 5,000 cfm (2360 L/s) each hood shall have a maximum exhaust rate in accordance with Table 607.8.1 and shall meet one of the following:

1. At least 50 percent of all replacement air is transfer air that would otherwise be exhausted.

2. Demand ventilation system(s) are provided for at least 75 percent of the exhaust air that are capable of at least 50 percent reduction in exhaust and replacement air system airflow rates, including controls necessary to modulate airflow in response to appliance operation and to maintain full capture and containment of smoke, effluent and combustion products during cooking and when idle.

3. Listed energy recovery devices with a sensible heat recovery effectiveness of at least 40 percent shall provided for at least 50 percent of the total exhaust airflow.

Where a single hood, or hood section, is installed over appliances with different duty ratings, the maximum allowable flow rate for the hood or hood section shall be based on the requirements for the highest appliance duty rating under the hood or hood section.

1. A VAV laboratory exhaust and room supply system capable of reducing exhaust and makeup air flow rates to the minimum required in the International Mechanical Code

2. A heat recovery system to precondition makeup air from laboratory exhaust such that the percentage that the exhaust and makeup air flow rates can be reduced from design conditions plus the sensible recovery effectiveness percentage totals at least 50 percent.

3. Direct makeup auxiliary air supply equal to at least 75 percent of the exhaust air flow rate capable of being heated and cooled to the design temperatures specified in Section 302.1 of the International Energy Conservation Code.

SECTION 608

BUILDING SERVICE WATER HEATING SYSTEMS

608.1 Prescriptive compliance. Where buildings are designed using the prescriptive-based compliance path in accordance with Section 602.3.1 service water heating systems shall meet the provisions of the International Energy Conservation Code for such systems and the provisions of this section.

608.2 Service water heating (SWH) equipment performance requirements. Service water heating equipment shall comply with Sections 608.2.1 and 608.2.2.

608.2.1 Equipment covered by Federal standards. Equipment covered by Federal minimum efficiency standards shall meet the minimum efficiency requirements of the International Energy Conservation Code.

608.2.2.1 Water heater controls for dwelling units. All Water heaters installed in dwelling units in buildings covered by this code shall be equipped with external water temperature thermostat controls. The controls shall allow the occupant to set the water temperature at a setting that is below 100 ºF and greater than or equal to 50 ºF.

3. 
   Pools, hot tubs and spas. Pools, hot tubs and spas shall meet the efficiency requirements of the International Energy Conservation Code.
   

608.3.1 Pools in conditioned space. For pools that are located within the conditioned space, at least 25 percent of the annual energy consumption of pool operation and at least 50 percent of the peak design space heating, ventilation, and cooling requirements for the space in which the pool is located shall be met by at least one of the following:

1. An on-site renewable energy system(s)

2. 
   A heat recovery system.
   

3. 
   Snowmelt systems. Snow melt systems shall comply with the requirements of the International Energy Conservation Code. Hydronic systems shall supplement at least 25 percent of the design snow melting total annual consumption measured in Btu/ft², energy per unit area. Electric systems shall supplement at least 50 percent of the design snow melt peak load demand. These requirements shall be met by one or more of the following:
   

Exception: Emergency service ingress and egress.

1. An on-site renewable energy system(s)

2. A heat recovery system.

3. 
   Rough-ins for future solar hot water pre-heat. Plumbing, electrical and control systems shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Sections 608.5.1 and 608.5.2 to provide for the future installation of a solar water heating system that will be capable of providing at least 50 percent of the energy needed for all systems listed below:
   

1. Service Water Heating for kitchen, laundry and bathing.

2. Pool Water Heating.

3. Spa Water Heating.

4. Hot Tub Water Heating.

608.5.1 Solar thermal hot water system piping rough-in. Conduit(s), sleeve(s) or other pathway(s) shall be installed for a minimum of two runs of piping from the future site for solar thermal to the location of the service water heating equipment. The conduit(s), sleeve(s) or other pathway(s) shall have internal dimensions large enough to allow the piping and insulation to be easily installed, removed and replaced. The minimum diameter of the piping shall be ¾ inch nominal and the tubing shall be certified to handle sustained temperatures above 180F. Insulation shall be sized in accordance with Section 607.5.

608.5.2 Solar Electric hot water system electrical rough-in. Conduit not less than ¾ inch in size shall be installed from the future site for solar electric to the electric service panel or room that provides the electric service to the water heating equipment that will be served by the solar electric hot water system. Conduit not less than ¾ inch in size shall be installed to provide for control wiring.

608.5.2.1 Conduit size. Conduit not less than ¾ inch in size shall be installed from the future solar thermal or solar electric site to the location of the service water heating equipment and the storage tank to provide for control wiring.

608.5.2.2 Terminations. Conduits, sleeves and pathways installed in accordance with this section shall terminate near the solar thermal or solar electric sites and shall be readily accessible.

608.5.2.3 Space for future storage tank. Space for a future storage tank shall be identified and reserved. This space shall be large enough to accommodate storage for a solar thermal system sized to provide 50 percent solar fraction, with an area of at least ten square feet.

608.6 Waste water energy recovery system. The following building types shall be provided with a waste water heat recovery system that will preheat all of the incoming water used for all hot water functions by not less than 10 ºF (5.6 C):

1. Group A-2, Restaurants and Banquet halls;

2. Group F, Laundries;

3. Group R-1, Boarding houses (transient), Hotels (transient), Motels (transient);

4. Group R-2 buildings; and

5. Group A-3, Health Clubs and Spas

6. Group I-2, Hospitals, Mental hospitals and Nursing homes.

Exception: Single-story, slab-on grade and single-story, on crawl-space buildings.

608.7 Service water heating piping insulation. Service water heating piping shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table 607.5. Where hot water distribution piping is installed within attics and crawlspaces, the insulation shall continue to cover the pipe for a distance of at least 6 inches (152 mm) beyond the building thermal envelope. Where hot water distribution piping is installed within walls, the insulation must completely surround the pipe with at least 1 inch of insulation. Where hot water piping is installed in a wall of insufficient width to accommodate the pipe and insulation levels of Table 607.5, the insulation thickness shall be permitted to have the maximum thickness that the wall can accommodate, but not less than ½-inch thick.

Exceptions:

1. 
   Factory-installed piping within service water heating equipment tested and rated in accordance with Section 607.5.
   
2. 
   Piping conveying fluids not heated or cooled such as cold water supply, and natural gas piping.
   
3. 
   Hot water supply piping exposed under sinks, lavatories and similar fixtures.
   
4. 
   Hot water distribution piping buried within blown-in or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation, such as fiberglass or cellulose, where the insulation completely and continuously surrounds the pipe.
   

608.7.1 Buried piping. Service hot water piping installed within a slab or below grade shall be insulated in accordance with Section 608.7 and shall be placed within a physically protective, waterproof channel or sleeve having internal dimensions large enough such that the piping and insulation can be removed and replaced, and maintain its dimensional integrity during and after construction.

Exception: Where the insulation manufacturer stipulates that the pipe insulation will maintain its insulating value in underground applications in damp soil where installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. This exception does not apply to piping that runs under building slabs.

608.8 Circulating hot water systems. Circulating hot water systems shall be provided with an automatic or readily accessible manual switch to turn off the hot water circulating pump when not in use. Controls that allow continuous, timer, or water temperature-initiated operation of a circulating pump are prohibited. Gravity or thermosyphon circulation loops are prohibited. Pumps on circulating hot water systems shall be activated on demand by either a hard-wired or wireless activation control of one of the following types:

1. 
   A normally-open, momentary contact switch.
   
2. 
   Motion sensors that make momentary contact when motion is sensed. After the signal is sent, the sensor shall go into a lock out mode for not less than 5 minutes to prevent sending a signal to the electronic controls while the circulation loop is still hot.
   
3. 
   A flow switch.
   
4. 
   A door switch.
   

The controls for the pump shall be electronic and operate on the principal of shutting off the pump with a rise in temperature. Electronic controls shall have a lock-out to prevent operation above 105F degrees in the event of failure of the device that senses temperature rise. The electronic controls shall have a lock out mode for not more than 5 minutes that prevents extended operation of the pump if the sensor fails or is damaged.
SECTION 609

BUILDING ELECTRICAL POWER AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS
609.1 General. Where buildings are designed using the prescriptive-based compliance path in accordance with Section 602.3.1, building electrical power and lighting systems shall meet the provisions of the International Energy Conservation Code for such systems and the provisions of Section 609. Where buildings are designed using the performance-based compliance path in accordance with Section 602.3.2, compliance with Section 609.6 shall be required.

609.2 Sleeping unit controls. Sleeping units in hotels, motels, boarding houses or similar buildings shall have a captive key control at the main room entry that controls all permanently wired luminaires and switched receptacles, except those in the bathroom(s). Suites shall have a control meeting these requirements at the entry to each room or at the primary entrance to the suite.

Exception: Sleeping unit controls are not required in sleeping units where all lighting and switched receptacles are controlled by an occupant sensor.

609.2.1 Sleeping unit bathroom controls. Bathrooms within sleeping units in hotels, motels, boarding houses or similar buildings shall be equipped with occupant sensors that control all permanently wired luminaires.

Exception: Up to 5 watts of lighting in each bathroom shall be permitted to be connected to the captive key control at the main room entry instead of being connected to the occupant sensor control.

609.3 Interior light reduction controls. Occupant sensor controls shall be provided to automatically reduce connected lighting power by at least 50 percent during periods when occupants are not present in all of the following locations.

1. 
   Corridors and enclosed stairwells
   
2. 
   Storage and stack areas not open to the public.
   
3. 
   Parking garages.
   

Lighting in means of egress shall not be reduced below lighting levels required by the International Building Code.

Exception: Automatic power reduction shall not be required when occupant sensor controls are overridden by time switch controls that keep lights on continuously during peak occupancy periods.

609.4 Exterior lighting controls. Exterior lighting shall comply with the requirements of Sections 609.4.1 and 609.4.2.

609.4.1 Exterior light reduction. Exterior lighting shall be controlled by a time switch and configured so that the total exterior lighting power is automatically reduced by at least 30 percent within two hours after facility operations conclude.

Exception. Exterior lighting controls need not be controlled for the following occupancies and conditions:

1. 
   Group H occupancies.
   
2. 
   Group I-3 occupancies.
   
3. 
   Lighting which is connected to occupant sensor controls.
   
4. 
   Lighting within means of egress.
   
5. 
   Solar powered luminaires that are not connected to a centralized power source.
   

609.4.2 Exterior lighting and signage shutoff. The lighting of building facades, signage, and landscape features shall be controlled by a time switch and configured so that it automatically shuts off within one hour after facility operations conclude or as established by the jurisdiction. Where facility operations are continuous, decorative lighting of building facades and landscape features shall automatically shut off at midnight.

609.5 Automatic daylight controls. Automatic daylight controls and minimum fenestration shall be provided in all daylight zones in accordance with Table 609.5, Figure 609.5, and Section 808.

Exceptions. Automatic daylight controls are not required for the following spaces and equipment:

1. 
   Spaces with less than 90 watts of lighting installed in the daylight zone.
   

2. 
   Spaces where medical care is directly provided.
   

3. 
   Spaces within dwelling units or sleeping units.
   

4. 
   Metal halide luminaires with lamp wattages not greater than 150 watts.
   

TABLE 609.5

MINIMUM FENESTRATION

Sky Type	Minimum effective aperture (percentage)
	Side lightinga			Top lighting
	North-facing walls	South-facing walls	East- or west- facing walls
Ab	5.0	7.0	10.0	0.8
Bc	6.0	9.0	12.0	1.3
Cd	7.0	14.0	17.0	3.0

^aFacing 45 degrees or less from the four cardinal compass orientations (N, E, S, & W)

^bSky Type A – more than 75% mean sunshine, in accordance with the NOAA Annual Mean Sunshine Percentage Table.

^cSky Type B – 45% to 75% mean sunshine, in accordance with the NOAA Annual Mean Sunshine Percentage Table.

^dSky Type C – less than 45% mean sunshine, in accordance with the NOAA Annual Mean Sunshine Percentage Table



Figure 609.5

NOAA Annual Mean Sunshine Percentage Table by Sky Type
609.6 Plug load controls. Receptacles and electrical outlets controlled by an occupant sensor or time switch shall be provided in accordance with all of the following:

1. 
   In Group B office spaces without furniture systems incorporating wired receptacles, at least one switched receptacle shall be provided for each 50 square feet.
   

2. 
   In Group B office spaces with furniture systems incorporating wired receptacles, at least one switched circuit shall be provided at each electrical outlet used for powering furniture systems.
   

3. 
   In classrooms in Group B and Group E occupancies, at least four switched receptacles shall be provided in each classroom.
   

4. 
   In copy rooms, print shops, and computer labs, not less than one switched receptacle shall be provided for each data jack.
   

5. 
   In spaces with an overhead cabinet above a counter or work surface, not less than one switched receptacle shall be provided for each work surface.
   

609.6.1 Distribution and marking. Controlled receptacles and electrical outlets shall be distributed in a reasonably uniform pattern throughout each space. Controlled receptacles shall be marked to differentiate them from uncontrolled receptacles.

609.6.2 Furniture systems. Furniture systems incorporating wired receptacles shall include at least two receptacles at each workstation that are connected to a controlled circuit.

609.6.3 Computer office equipment. Computer monitors, plug in space heaters, air purifiers, radios, computer speakers, coffee makers, fans, and task lights located in spaces with controlled receptacles shall be plugged into controlled receptacles.

609.6.4 Audio and visual systems.  Displays, projectors, and audio amplifiers in Group B and Group E classrooms, conference and meeting rooms, and multipurpose rooms shall be controlled by an occupant sensor.

609.6.5 Water dispensers.  Water dispensers that utilize energy to cool or heat drinking water shall be controlled by time switch controls.

609.6.6 Refrigerator and freezer cases.  Lighting integral to vending machines and refrigerator and freezer cases shall be controlled by an occupant sensor or a time switch.

609.7 Fuel gas lighting systems. Fixtures that generate illumination by combustion of fuel gas shall be included in lighting power calculations required under sections 505.5 and 505.6 of the International Energy Conservation Code by converting the maximum rated btu/hr of the luminaire into watts using Equation 6-6.

(Equation 6-6) Wattage Equivalent = Maximum btu/hr rating of the fuel gas lighting system / 3.413.

Exception: Historic buildings in accordance with Section 101.4.2 of the International Energy Conservation Code.

609.8 Electrical system efficiency. Electrical systems shall comply with Section 609.8.1.

609.8.1 Prescriptive compliance. Prescriptive compliance for electrical systems shall be in accordance with Sections 609.8.1.1 through 609.8.1.3.

609.8.1.1 Transformer efficiency. Distribution transformers installed on the load side of the service disconnecting means shall comply with the provisions of Tables 609.8.1.1(1), 609.8.1.1(2) and 609.8.1.1(3), the Energy Policy Act of 2005 as applicable.

Exceptions:

1. 
   Transformers not covered by the Energy Policy Act of 2005.
   

2. 
   Transformers for special purpose applications, and not used in general purpose applications.
   

3. 
   Transformers with multiple voltage taps where the highest tap is at least 20 percent more than the lowest tap.
   

4. 
   Drive transformers, rectifier transformers, auto-transformers, uninterruptible power supply transformers, impedance transformers, regulating transformers, sealed and non-ventilating transformers, machine tool transformers, welding transformers, grounding transformers, and testing transformers.
   

609.8.1.2 Voltage drop in feeders. The voltage drop in feeder conductors shall not exceed 1.5 percent at design load.

609.8.1.3 Voltage drop in branch circuits. The voltage drop in branch circuit conductors shall not exceed 1.5 percent at design load.

609.9 Exterior Lighting. All exterior lighting shall comply with Section 505.6 of the International Energy Conservation Code.

609.10 Verification of lamps and ballasts. Prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy, the field inspector shall confirm the installation of lighting control devices, type and quantity; luminaires, type and quantity; lamps, type, wattage and quantity, and ballasts, type and performance for at least one representative luminaire of each type consistent with the International Energy Conservation Code, the approved construction documents, and where energy modeling is performed in accordance with Section 603. Where a discrepancy is found, energy calculations and any modeling performed in accordance with Section 603 shall be revised and resubmitted.
Table 609.8.1.1(1)

Low-Voltage Dry-Type Distribution Transformers

(Maximum 600 Volt Primary)

Single Phase		Three Phase
kVA Rating	Minimum Efficiency (%)	kVA Rating	Minimum Efficiency (%)
15	97.7	15	97.0
25	98.0	30	97.5
37.5	98.2	45	97.7
50	98.3	75	98.0
75	98.5	112.5	98.2
100	98.6	150	98.3
167	98.7	225	98.5
250	98.8	300	98.6
333	98.9	500	98.7
--	--	750	98.8
--	--	1000	98.9

1. 
   Dry-type distribution transformers are air-cooled, and do not use oil as a coolant.
   
2. 
   All efficiency values for low-voltage transformers are at 35 percent of nameplate-rated load, determined according to the DOE test procedure. 10 CFR Part 431, Sub-part K, Appendix A.
   
3. 
   All efficiency values for medium-voltage transformers are at 50 percent of nameplate-rated load, determined according to the DOE test procedure. 10 CFR Part 431, Sub-part K, Appendix A.
   
4. 
   Basic impulse insulation level (BIL).
   

Table 609.8.1.1(2)

Medium-voltage, Dry-Type Distribution Transformers

(Maximum 34,500 Volt Primary, Maximum 600 Volt Secondary)

Single Phase				Three Phase
kVA Rating	20-45 kV BIL Minimum Efficiency (%)	46-95 kV BIL Minimum Efficiency (%)	>96 kV BIL Minimum Efficiency (%)	kVA Rating	20-45 kV BIL Minimum Efficiency (%)	46-95 kV BIL Minimum Efficiency (%)	>96 kV BIL Minimum Efficiency (%)
15	98.10	97.86	--	15	97.50	97.18	--
25	98.33	98.12	--	30	97.90	97.63	--
37.5	98.49	98.30	--	45	98.10	97.86	--
50	98.60	98.42	--	75	98.33	98.12	--
75	98.73	98.57	98.53	112.5	98.49	98.30	--
100	98.82	98.67	98.63	150	98.60	98.42	--
167	98.96	98.83	98.80	225	98.73	98.57	98.53
250	99.07	98.95	98.91	300	98.82	98.67	98.63
333	99.14	99.03	98.99	500	98.96	98.83	98.80
500	99.22	99.12	99.09	750	99.07	98.95	98.91
667	99.27	99.18	99.15	1000	99.14	99.03	98.99
833	99.31	99.23	99.20	1500	99.22	99.12	99.09
--	--	--	--	2000	99.27	99.18	99.15
--	--	--	--	2500	99.31	99.23	99.20

1. 
   Dry-type distribution transformers are air-cooled, and do not use oil as a coolant.
   
2. 
   All efficiency values for low-voltage transformers are at 35 percent of nameplate-rated load, determined according to the DOE test procedure. 10 CFR Part 431, Sub-part K, Appendix A.
   
3. 
   All efficiency values for medium-voltage transformers are at 50 percent of nameplate-rated load, determined according to the DOE test procedure. 10 CFR Part 431, Sub-part K, Appendix A.
   
4. 
   Basic impulse insulation level (BIL).
   

Table 609.8.1.1(3)

Medium-voltage, Liquid-Immersed Distribution Transformers

(Maximum 34,500 Volt Primary, Maximum 600 Volt Secondary)

Single Phase		Three Phase
kVA Rating	Minimum Efficiency (%)	kVA Rating	Minimum Efficiency (%)
10	98.62	15	98.36
15	98.76	30	98.62
25	98.91	45	98.76
37.5	99.01	75	98.91
50	99.08	112.5	99.01
75	99.17	150	99.08
100	99.23	225	99.17
167	99.25	300	99.23
250	99.32	500	99.25
333	99.36	750	99.32
500	99.42	1000	99.36
667	99.46	1500	99.42
883	99.49	2000	99.46
--	--	2500	99.49

1. 
   Dry-type distribution transformers are air-cooled, and do not use oil as a coolant.
   
2. 
   All efficiency values for low-voltage transformers are at 35 percent of nameplate-rated load, determined according to the DOE test procedure. 10 CFR Part 431, Sub-part K, Appendix A.
   
3. 
   All efficiency values for medium-voltage transformers are at 50 percent of nameplate-rated load, determined according to the DOE test procedure. 10 CFR Part 431, Sub-part K, Appendix A.
   
4. 
   Basic impulse insulation level (BIL).
   

SECTION 610

SPECIFIC APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT

610.1 General. This section provides requirements for the efficiency of appliances and equipment installed in the building or on the building site and shall be applicable to buildings using the prescriptive-based compliance path in accordance with Section 602.3.1 and the performance-based compliance path in accordance with Section 602.3.2. Permanent appliances and equipment shall meet the provisions of Section 610.2, and portable appliances and equipment shall meet the provisions of Section 610.3.

Exception: Appliances and equipment in compliance with Sections 606 through 609 and those listed in Table 610.1 are not required to comply with either Section 610.2 or 610.3
Table 610.1

Appliances and Equipment Covered by Federal Efficiency Standards

Residential products	Commercial products
Battery chargersa	Beverage vending machinesa
Clothes dryers	Commercial clothes washers
Clothes washers	Ice makers
Dehumidifiers	Refrigerators and freezers (packaged)
Dishwashers	Supermarket refrigerators
Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers	Walk-in coolers and freezers
Microwave ovensa
Room air conditioners
Ranges and ovens

^a These products currently have no Federal standard(s). NOTE: U.S. Department of Energy rulemakings are underway or scheduled.

610.2 Permanent appliances and equipment. Appliances and equipment not exempted in Section 610.1 that are permanently connected to the building energy supply system(s) shall meet the provisions of Sections 610.2.1 through 610.2.5 as applicable. Such appliances and equipment shall be listed and labeled and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and the provisions and terms of their listing, the International Energy Conservation Code, International Fuel Gas Code, International Mechanical Code, International Plumbing Code and International Building Code, and shall be provided with controls and energy monitoring systems as required by this code. Compliance shall be documented, verified and approved by the code official during field inspection.

610.2.1 Elevators. Elevator systems shall comply with sections 610.2.1.1 through 610.2.1.2.3.

610.2.1.1 Lighting. Light sources for the cab interior shall have an efficacy greater than or equal to 50 lumens/watt.

610.2.1.2 Power conversion system. Power conversion systems for traction elevators shall comply with sections 610.2.1.2.1 through 610.2.1.2.3. Non-traction elevator systems shall have equivalent efficiency. Elevators moving for less than 0.5 hours/day are exempt from the power conversion system requirements.

610.2.1.2.1 Motor. Either induction motors with a Class IE2 efficiency rating, as defined by IEC EN 60034-30, or alternative technologies, such as permanent magnet synchronous motors that have equal or better efficiency, shall be used.

610.2.1.2.2 Transmission. Transmissions shall not reduce the efficiency of the combined motor/transmission below that shown for the Class IE2 motor. Gearless machines are assumed to have 100 percent transmission efficiency.

610.2.1.2.3 Drive. Potential energy released during motion shall be recovered.

610.2.1.3 Ventilation. Cab ventilation fans shall have an efficacy greater than or equal to 3.0 CFM per watt (0.085 m³/min./watt).

610.2.1.4 Standby mode. When the elevator is stopped, not occupied, and with doors closed, lighting, ventilation, and car displays shall be capable of being de-energized within 5 minutes of stopping, and re-energized prior to opening the doors. Power will cease to be applied to the door motor after the elevator is stopped, lighting is de-energized, and no one is in the car, and re-energized upon the next passenger arrival. In buildings with multiple elevators serving the same floors, one or more elevators shall switch to sleep, low power, mode during periods of low traffic.

610.2.1.5 Guides. All elevator car guides shall be of the roller type, in order to reduce frictional energy losses. Counterweights with sliding guides shall be balanced in order to minimize frictional losses associated with the counterweight guides.

610.2.2 Escalators and moving walkways. Escalators and moving walkways shall comply with Sections 610.2.2.1 through 610.2.2.5.

610.2.2.1 Lighting. Light sources, including, but not limited to, balustrade lighting, comb-plate lighting and step demarcation lighting, shall have an efficacy of not less than 50 lm/W.

610.2.2.2 Drive system. The gearbox shall have a rated efficiency greater than or equal to 94 percent at full load. Either induction motors with a class IE3 efficiency rating, as defined by IEC EN 60034-30, or permanent magnet synchronous motors shall be used.

610.2.2.3 Energy recovery. Down-running escalators equipped with direct variable frequency drives shall use regenerative drives and return recovered energy to the power grid.

610.2.2.4 Handrails. Handrails shall use friction-reducing measures, such as, but not limited to, rollers in newels.

610.2.2.5 Standby mode. During standby mode, escalators and moving walkways shall be automatically slowed to not more than 50 percent of nominal speed. Escalators and moving walkways shall be turned off when the building is unoccupied or outside of facility operations. In locations where multiple escalators serve the same passenger load, one or more escalators shall have the capability of being turned off in response to reduced occupant traffic.

610.2.3 Commercial food service equipment. Not less than 50 percent of the aggregate rated power allocated to commercial food service equipment shall be ENERGY STAR-eligible food service equipment including, but not limited to, open deep-fat fryers, hot food holding cabinets, reach-in refrigerators and freezers, solid door refrigerators and freezers defined by ENERGY STAR. Steam cookers, dishwashers, griddles, and convection gas and electric ovens, shall be ENERGY STAR qualified.

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