Headquarters department of the army
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- 6-4. Drill and Ceremonies
- Chapter 7 – Physical Readiness
6-3. Bugle CallsBugle calls are the musical signals that announce scheduled and certain non-scheduled events on an Army installation. Scheduled calls are prescribed by the installation commander. According to Army customs, bugle calls traditionally signal troops for everything from meal times and recall formations, to rendering honors to the nation. Bugle calls normally sound in accordance with the major calls of the day-Reveille, Retreat, and Taps. Reveille The call signals the troops to awaken for morning roll call. Most often heard at physical training, it is used to accompany the raising of the National Colors. If outdoors at the first sound of Reveille, you should come to the position of attention and salute, facing the flag or the sound of the music. If not in uniform, come to attention and place your right hand over your heart. Retreat The call signals the end of the duty day and lowering of the National Colors. If alone, you should come to attention in the direction of the music or flag. Then, salute when you hear the first note of music after the cannon sounds. If not in uniform, come to attention and place your right hand over your heart. Taps The call signals that unauthorized lights are to be extinguished. It is the last call of the day. The call is also sounded at the completion of a military funeral ceremony. You should come to attention and salute until the music completes. If not in uniform, come to attention and place your right hand over your heart. 6-4. Drill and CeremoniesMany drill procedures used by the U.S. Army today were developed during the Revolutionary War. The purpose of the drill then was to instill discipline in American Soldiers. As these Soldiers mastered the art of the drill, they began to work as a team and develop a sense of pride in themselves and in their unit. In today's Army, the same objectives–teamwork, confidence, pride, alertness, attention to detail, esprit de corps, and discipline are accomplished by drill. A drill consists of a series of movements by which a unit or individuals are moved in an orderly, uniform manner from one formation or place to another. Units vary in size, but in BCT, you will ordinarily be part of a squad, platoon, company or battalion. You will need to know the following drill terms: Element is an individual, squad, section, platoon, company, or larger unit formed as part of the next higher unit. Formation is an arrangement of the unit's elements in a prescribed manner such as a line formation in which the elements are side-by-side, or a column formation in which the elements are one behind the other. In a platoon column, the members of each squad are one behind the other with the squads abreast. Front is a space from one side to the other side of a formation, and includes the right and left elements. Depth is a space from the front to the rear of a formation, including the front and rear elements. Distance is the space between elements that are one behind the other. The distance between individuals is an arm's length, plus 6 inches, or approximately 36 inches measured from the chest of one Soldier to the back of the Soldier immediately to his front. Interval is the space between side-by-side elements. 
Rank is a line that is only one element in depth. 
File is a column that has a front of one element. Guide is the person responsible for maintaining the prescribed direction and rate of march. Post is the correct place for an officer or NCO to stand in a prescribed formation. Head is a column's leading element. Base is the element around which a movement is planned or regulated. Cadence is a uniform rhythm or number of steps or counts per minute. Quick Time is a cadence of 120 counts (steps per minute). Double Time is a cadence of 180 counts (steps per minute). Drill commands are oral orders given by your commander or leader, usually in two parts. The preparatory command states the movement to be carried out and gets you ready to execute the order. The command of execution tells when the movement is to be carried out. In the command “Forward, march,” the preparatory command is “Forward,” the command of execution is “March.” In some commands, the preparatory command and the command of execution are combined. For example, “Fall in,” “at ease,” and “Rest.” These commands are given without inflection and at a uniformly high pitch and loudness comparable to that of a normal command of execution. If you are in a group of three or more, marching is required when moving from one location to another.
The Performance Triad along with regular hygiene and resilience skills ensure you are optimally prepared to perform at the elite level regardless of your MOS/Duty. You can get more information on the Performance Triad at http://armymedicine.mil/Pages/performance-triad.aspx. A smartphone application for both iphone and android platforms is available.
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