Key People & Vocab to identify: (due: )

Key People & Vocab to identify: (due: ____________________________)

1. 
   Anaconda Plan- Union strategy during the Civil War which incorporated a plan to blockade Southern ports and capture the Mississippi River. It was called the Anaconda Plan as the strategy resembled an anaconda squeezing its prey to death.
   
2. 
   Andersonville- infamous Civil War prisoner-of-war camp in Macon County, Georgia. Over 13,000 Union soldiers died in the camp.
   
3. 
   Battle of Antietam (September 17, 1862)- Union victory; bloodiest one-day battle in the War.
   
4. 
   Battle of Atlanta (July 22, 1864)- Union victory; this one day battle allowed Union forces to inch closer to the city in the Atlanta Campaign; was not the battle that allowed Union Troops to occupy the city.
   
5. 
   Battle of Chickamauga (September 18-20, 1863)- Confederate victory; largest battle fought in Georgia; led to the battle of Chattanooga.
   
6. 
   Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1864)- Union victory; turning point of the Civil War; the North repelled a Southern invasion into Pennsylvania.
   
7. 
   Blockade Runners- private Southern ships that attempted to “break” the Union blockade and trade cotton with European countries for manufactured goods.
   
8. 
   Emancipation Proclamation- document that declared all slaves in the rebellious states would be freed if the South did not return to the Union by January 1, 1863.
   
9. 
   Gettysburg Address (1863)- speech given my President Abraham Lincoln to commemorate the Union victory at the Battle of Gettysburg.
   
10. 
    Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign- Union military campaign led by William T. Sherman from May 1864-September 1864 with the Atlanta as the ultimate objective; Sherman’s army marched from Chattanooga to Atlanta.
    
11. 
    Sherman’s March to Sea- Union military campaign led by William T. Sherman from November 15-December 25, 1864 with Savannah being the ultimate objective; more importantly Sherman used a “scorched earth” policy to end the South’s will to fight.
    
12. 
    Stephens, Alexander (1812-1873)- important Georgia politician who was a U.S. Senator, Georgia Governor, and Vice-President of the Confederate States of America (C.S.A.)
    

Understanding the Facts: Using your story guide & teacher notes, answer the following questions. (due: ______________________________)

2. For what 2 reasons did Lee want to bring the war north? 1. Lee hoped to bring Maryland (a slave State) into the CSA

2. He wanted British and French recognition with the major victory on northern soil. (However, this victory did not happen.)

3. Was there a clear winner of Antietam? What did Lee do? No, the North and South fought to what can be considered a draw with no clear winner.

Lee chose to withdraw from Maryland and return to Virginia.

4. What did President Lincoln issue after the Battle of Antietam? The Emancipation Proclamation; done to keep the British and French, whom had abolished slavery, out of the war.

5. What did the Emancipation Proclamation actually say? The Emancipation Proclamation actually said that all slaves in the rebellious states would be freed on January 1, 1863.

6. Hypothetically, if the South had surrendered by January 1, 1863, what would that have meant?

Hypothetically, if the south had surrendered before January 1^st, they would have been allowed to keep their slaves. Lincoln knew the CSA would not give up, and this document would end slavery once the war was over.

7. What battle do most historians believe was the true “turning point” of the war?

Battle of Gettysburg

8. What did Lee hope a victory at Gettysburg would cause? Lee hoped it would cause the North to give up and realize that they could not keep the South in the Union.

9. Why did Lee never invade the North again? Lee did not invade the North again due to the loss of large portions of Lee’s men.

10. What speech did Lincoln give after the Battle of Gettysburg?

The Gettysburg Address

11. What did this short, 10-sentence speech say? It offered a rationale for the war and a purpose for why so many men fought and died.

12. Why was the Battle of Fort Pulaski significant? The North was able to destroy the fort with rifled cannon and after it was obliterated the North was able to bottle up the important port of Savannah.

13. 
    What battle was the 2nd bloodiest battle of the war, and the bloodiest battle in Georgia? The Battle of Chichamauga
    

15. Once Chattanooga was securely in Union hands, it was used as a launching point for what? It was used as a launching point for Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign.

16. What was the North’s objective for using the blockade? The North’s objective was to use its superior navy to prevent the South from shipping its cotton to England and France in return for weapons and other supplies.

17. At first the blockade was unsuccessful; however, that changed after what? This changed after the North destroyed Fort Pulaski and bottled up the port of Savannah.

18. Why would Sherman’s capture of Atlanta be a major blow to the Confederacy? The capture of Atlanta would be a major blow to the confederacy because it is a major rail hub and its industrial capabilities.

19. What strategy did Sherman use to against Southern general Joe Johnston’s army to move towards Atlanta? Sherman chose to go around “out flank” the CSA’s position and continue to move toward Atlanta.

21. What did Sherman’s army do during the March to the Sea? Sherman’s army created a path of destruction 300 mile long and 60 miles wide. They also lived off civilian food supplies and took anything of value.

22. How many prisoners was Andersonville built to hold? What was the camp’s population at the peak of its occupancy? It was built to hold 10,00 prisoners. It was over 30,000 at its peak.

23. What were some of the problems inside Andersonville Prison? 1. The main water source began to back up with human waste and sewage. 2. Disease started running rampant. 3. Food and other supplies for prisoners was running low. 4. Union prisoners began turning on each other and a group soldiers “the Raiders” began terrorizing fellow prisoners robbing and beating them.