Pestvidéki Ásványbánya Vállalat



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Szili, Katalin (Catharine) (Barcs, 12 May 1956 - ) – Politician, lawyer, human ecologist. After obtaining a Degree in Law at Janus Pannonius University, Pécs, she majored in Human Ecology and Political Science. She has been a Member of Parliament since 1994. Between 1994 and 1998, she was the political secretary of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Water. She was Speaker of the Hungarian National Assembly (2002-2009). She was the candidate of the Hungarian Socialist Party (Magyar Szocialista Párt – MSZP) for state presidency in the 2005, but lost. She previously held high office as the President of the Constitutional Court of Hungary (Alkotmánybíróság – AB). In 2009, Szili was the mayoral candidate of MSZP for the City of Pécs, but she lost the election. She gradually became the inner opposition of MSZP. In 2009, Szili resigned as Speaker of of the House. She formed the Movement of Alliance for the Future, in 2010. Szili was elected to the Parliament via Party list in 2010. On 3 October 2010, she founded the Social Union Party and became its first Chairperson. As a result, she left the Hungarian Socialist Party and continued the parliamentarian work as a formally independent MP. In 2011, Szili became member of the National Consultative Body (Nemzeti Konzultációs Testület), preparing the new Constitution. She also wrote and presented her own constitution proposal. – B: 0874, T: 7103.→Social Union Party.
Szilvássy, Margit (Margaret) (Beszterce, now Bistriţa, Romania, 16 November 1910 - Budapest, 7 February 1988) – Opera singer (soprano). From 1929 to 1934 she studied voice at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest, under Laura Hilgermann, Imre (Emeric) Molnár and József (Joseph) Sík; for music theory she had Árpád Palotai and Mária Budánovits as teachers. In 1934, she earned a diploma in operatic studies at the Academy. From 1934 to 1936, she was on scholarship from the Opera House of Budapest, and from 1936 to 1968, she was its soloist; from 1968, in retirement, she taught singing. She was one of the most versatile member of the Opera House, coping equally well with soprano and mezzo-soprano roles; her range extended from operetta prima donna and soubrette to dramatic heroine. Her roles included Musette in G. Puccini’s La Bohème (Bohémélet); Venus in Wagner’s Tannhäuser; Marina in Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov; Santuzza in Mascagni’s Cavalleria Rusticana (Parasztbecsület); Anina in R. Strauss’ Der Rosenkavalier (Rózsalovag); Rosalinda in J. Strauss’ Die Fledermaus (A denevér), and Glavari Hanna in F. Lehár’s Merry Widow (Víg özvegy). She was awarded the Merited Artist Title. – B: 0883, 1445, T: 7456.
Szilvássy, József (Joseph) (Somorja, now Šamorin, Slovakia, 25 July, 1946 - ) – Journalist. Between 1960 and 1964, he completed the Hungarian High School in Somorja. From 1964 to 1968, he studied at the Faculty of Arts of the University of Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia) and obtained a Dip. Ed. Teacher’s Degree in History and Slovakian language. From 1968 to 1974 he was an associate of the culture column of New Word (Új Szó), and from 1974 to 1989, he was its column editor. In 1989, he was the acting Editor-in-Chief, and from 1990 Editor-in-Chief for the paper, New Word (Új Szó). From 1970, he was a member of the Czechoslovakian Journalists’ Association. He wrote literary and cultural commemorations, literary and theatrical critiques, cultural-political articles, notes, theoretical analyses, reports, and also translations from Czech and Slovakian languages. From 1990, it was under his guidance, that the party daily paper New Word (Új Szó) became an independent daily newspaper of the Hungarian minority in Slovakia. His articles appeared in papers like Adult Education (Népművelés); Woman (Nő); Free Farmer (Szabad Földműves); Fertile Discussion (Termékeny eszmecsere; New Word (Új Szó), and The Lesson of Half a Century (Fél évszázad tanulsága). Some of his translations have also been published (1982, 1983). – B: 1083, T: 7456.
Szilvásy, Miklós (Nicholas) (Márianosztra. 5 December 1925 - Budapest, 8 May 1969) – Wrestler. He began wrestling in the colors of the Budapest Railwaymen’s Sports Club (Vasutas Sport Club – BVSC) in 1942; in these colors he became junior champion five times. In Greco-Roman lightweight and in team competition, as a competitor from the Budapest Club, he scored numerous victories in various classes: team (1946), welterweight (1947), team (1948), free style welterweight (1948), Greco-Roman welterweight (1949, 1950, 1951 and 1952), free style middleweight (1952) and Greco-Roman and free style welterweight (1953). Altogether, he was in the selected category 34-times during the period 1946-1956, and was a four-time Hungarian Champion. Later, representing the Budapest district of Ferencváros, he was Hungarian champion in Greco-Roman wrestling four times in welterweight, and also single Hungarian champion in free style middleweight. At the 1948 London Olympics, he received a silver medal in Greco-Roman welterweight wrestling. In 1949 in Budapest, and 1951 in Berlin, at the College World Championships, he received a silver medal. In the 1952 Helsinki Olympics, he won a gold medal in Greco-Roman welterweight wrestling. In 1953 he registered with the Dózsa group of Budapest and, in the same year, he placed second in the Naples World Championships. In the College World Championship of Budapest, he won a gold medal. He won the Greco-Roman championship of the 1954 World Championships held in Budapest. Later in his career, he worked as a trainer for the Hungarian select team and was also a trainer for Ferenváros TC and the Budapest Railwaymen’s Sport Club. At the age of 44 he died as a result of an incurable illness. – B: 1031, 0883, T: 7456.
Szilvay, Csaba (Budapest, 5 September, 1941 - ) – Cellist. He studied at the Béla Bartók Conservatory of Music and at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music, Budapest, as a student of Antal (Anthony) Friss. After having received his diploma in 1970, he studied at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki, Finland, with Professor Erkki Rautio. Between 1971 and 1976, he taught cello at the Jyväskylä Conservatory in Helsinki. Since 1976, he has been teaching at the East Helsinki Music Institute, and since 1978, at the Sibelius Academy. – B: 0904, T: 7649.→Szilvay, Géza.
Szilvay, Géza (Budapest, 13 September 1943 - ) – Violinist. He studied at the Béla Bartók Conservatory, Budapest and at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music, Budapest, and received his diploma in 1966. He also studied Law and Political Science at the University of Budapest and earned a Ph.D. in 1970. Since 1970, he has been teaching violin at the East Helsinki Music Institute and, since 1978, at the Sibelius Academy as well. In 1984, he was appointed Principal of the East Helsinki Music Institute. In 1972 Csaba and Géza Szilvay founded the Helsinki Strings, and have conducted the orchestra ever since. The Szilvay brothers gained international recognition both as string pedagogues and as conductors. In recognition of their work, they were awarded the Knight Order of the Finnish Lion, the Culture Prize of Finland, the Hungarian State Award for Cultural Activity, and the Pro Musica Prize.  B: 0904, T: 7649.→Szilvay, Csaba.
Szilvay, Kornél (Cornelius) (Budapest, 25 July 1890 - Budapest, 8 September 1957) – Mechanical engineer. He did well even internationally with his results in modern fire-prevention. With the rank of a colonel he was the Metropolitan fire-chief of Budapest. His best-known invention is the chemical extinguisher, which puts out enclosed fires by utilizing materials that check the burning process, such as gas or dust that extinguish fires, thus prevent fire damage occurring while fighting a fire (1923). In 1928, he had a patent issued for the Szilvay fire-fighting equipment for extinguishing a fire by means of dust or foam. His processes are employed nowadays worldwide. He is author of the work: Dry Fire-extinguishing (Szárazoltás) (1941). – B: 0883, 1888, T: 7456.
Szilvay, Réka (Helsinki, 16 April, 1972 - ) – Violinist. At the age of four, she took violin lessons from her father Géza Szilvay. At the age of twelve, studied at the Sibelius Academy of Helsinki, and received a diploma in 2000. From 1992 to 1998, she studied at the University of Music in Vienna, Austria. She also participated in several master classes. As child soloist she performed on TV and Radio stations. She regularly appears with major orchestras in Europe, America and Asia, such as the Kirov Orchestra, the London Philharmonic Orchestra and the Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. She also performed in the Carnegie’s Weill Recital Hall, New York, the Concertgebouw of Amsterdam, and the Vienna Konzerthaus. She performed for the BBC, London, and has recordings to her credit. – B: 0904, T: 7103.→Szilvay, Géza.
Szily, Kálmán (Coloman) (Nagy-szigethi) (Izsák, 29 June 1838 - Budapest, 24 July 1924) – Linguist and naturalist. He studied at the Polytechnic Institutes of Budapest and Vienna. From 1861 he was a demonstrator under József (Joseph) Stoczek, then a temporary lecturer; from 1869 he was Professor of Experimental Physics and, from 1870 to 1889, Professor of Theoretical Physics and Analytical Mechanics. He dealt with thermo-dynamic principles, based on mechanical principles. From 1871 to 1873, he was Vice-Chancellor at the University. It was during these years that the Polytechnic building was constructed on the Buda banks of the Danube, and the reforming of the organization of the University was linked to his name. Szily was a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (corresponding 1865, ordinary 1873, director 1883, honorary 1920, and secretary from 1889 to 1905). In 1890, he launched the monthly journal of the Academy, entitled Academic Bulletin (Akadémiai Értesítő), which he edited till 1905. He became Librarian of the Academy from 1905 on, and established the Széchenyi Museum within the Academy. He also played an important role as Secretary in the renewed development of the Natural Scientific Society (Természettudományi Társulat); as its Secretary in 1869 he launched, and until 1898 edited the Natural Scientific Gazette (Természettudományi Közlöny). He was the Society’s President from 1880, and he founded a natural scientific book-publishing firm. Szily participated in the various natural scientific activities, and developed the special terminology in the language. This led to his interest in linguistics; from the end of the 1890s, he changed over to a systematic study of Hungarian linguistics. In 1904 he founded the Hungarian Linguistic Society (Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társág), and became its President; he also edited its journal, the Hungarian Language (Magyar Nyelv); furthermore, he edited the Dictionary of the Hungarian Language Reform, vols. i, ii (A magyar nyelvújítás szótára, I, II) (1902, 1908). From 1915, he was a member of the Upper House of Parliament. His other works include On the Technical Language of Natural Science (A természettudományi műnyelvről) (1879); Hungarian Natural Scientists in the Last Hundred Years (Magyar természettudósok száz évvel ezelőtt) (1888), and Is Runic Writing still Alive among Hungarian people? (Él-e a rovásírás a magyar nép között?) (1903). For his linguistic work, he received the Grand Prix of the Academy in 1913. A biligual technical school in Budapest bears his name. – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7456.→Runic Writing; Runic Writing, Hungarian.

Szily, Pál (Paul) (Budapest, 16 May 1878 - Magyaróvár, 18 August 1945) – Physician and researcher in biochemistry. He studied Medicine and Biology at the University of Budapest, where he became a demonstrator in Biology from 1901. Here he carried out his experiments, whereby he introduced the colorimetric measuring of pH. He obtained his Doctorate in 1902; then he went to Berlin as a research student; while there he discovered the artificial buffer solutions. After returning to Hungary, he went into private practice as a physician. From 1928 he became a urologist of the National Health Service (Országos Társadalombiztosító Intézet – OTI) in Magyaróvár. Early in 1945, the Hungarian Arrow-Cross authorities arrested him and sent him to the concentration camp in Győr. He was freed from there; but because of the illness he contracted there, he soon died. Pál Szily conducted some pioneering research and experimental work in the field of physio-chemistry, serology and chemotherapy, the results of which he published in scientific journals in Hungary and abroad. In Mosonmagyaróvár a street is named after him. – B: 1406, 1031, T: 7456.
Szimonidesz, Lajos (Louis) (Pusztaföldvár, 4 November 1884 - Budapest, 18 July 1965) – Lutheran pastor, cultural historian. He studied Theology in Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia), attended University in Göttingen, Germany, and Budapest, and he was Parish Pastor in Nagybörzsöny. He was candidate for the historical sciences and he was also editor of several religious publications, including the Evangelical Pages (Evangélikus Lap), The Theological Specialist Journal (A Teológiai Szaklap), and Compassionate Theology (Megértő Teológia). In 1919, during the Council (Soviet) Republic, he was President of the Community Council. After the fall of the Council Republic, he lost his pastoral job. His progressive articles on religious history appeared in a number of national and foreign periodicals. His main works include Did Jesus Live? (Élt-e Jézus?) (1916); The End of The World (A világ vége) (1917); Our Faith (A mi hitünk) (1917); The Life Of Jesus (Jézus élete) (1922); Religions of the World (A világ vallásai) (1928); Religious Revolutions of Our Days (Napjaink vallási forradalmai) (1936;, Life And Death of Péter Fekete (Fekete Péter élete és halála) (1936); Miracles of Millenia (Èvezredek csodài) (1936), and Jesus Christ in The Third Reich (Jézus Krisztus a Harmadik Birodalomban) (1937). Many of his works remained in manuscript and are kept in the University Library (Egyetemi Könyvtár), Budapest. After World War II, he was rehabilitated and was appointed the first Protestant Army Bishop in post-war Hungary. He had a 25,000-volume book-collection, which he sold to the National Széchényi Library (Országos Széchényi Könyvtár), Budapest. – B: 0883, 1031, T: 7667.→Council (Soviet) Republic of Hungary.

Szinetár, György (George) (Debrecen, 22 February 1905 - Budapest, 14 May 1974) – Writer and poet. He studied at Nyíregyháza. Between 1926 and 1932 he lived in Berlin. He worked for the UFA Film Studio as an assistant director. From 1932 until 1938 he was a journalist in Budapest. In 1938 he traveled to Paris, writing articles for the left-wing papers, such as the Soir and others, publicizing Hungarian culture and literature. In the meantime, he wrote several theatre plays, including Gray Walls (Szürke falak) (1933); Without Love (Szerelem nélkül) (1936), and After the Premier (Premier után) (1939). From 1940 to 1941, he served in the French Army. He returned to Hungary before the end of World War II, where he was arrested and sent to a detention camp. After 1945, he was active in the revival of Hungarian film production as an instructor at the Academy of Film and Dramatic Art, and as a dramaturge at the Hunnia Studios and Honvédfilm. He directed several films, such as: Mrs Szabó (Szabóné) (1949); Crafty Matt, the Goose-herd (Ludas Matyi) (1950); With Full Steam (Teljes gőzzel) (1952), and Gerolstein Adventure (Gerolsteini kaland) (1957). He was Editor of the magazine Movie Life (Mozi élet) from 1946 to 1948, and The Little Drummer (Kisdobos) from 1958. He also wrote comedies and musicals: Patronizing the Arts (Műpártolás) (1946); Trip to the Moon (Utazás a holdba) (1961); Susmus (1962), and New Tales about the Typewriter (Új mesék az írógépről) (1967). He wrote a stage adaptation of Géza Gárdonyi’s historical novel, The Stars of Eger (Egri Csillagok), translated into English under the title Eclipse of the Crescent Moon. He also wrote a sports musical, Knock-out, which was performed in 1969. Other works include The Thief of Voices (A hangok tolvaja) (1933); Life Tells a Tale (Mesél az élet) (1933); The Story of Eight Boys (Nyolc fiú története) (1935); I Want You To Know ... (Akarom hogy tudd ...) (1943); The First Step (Az első lépés) (1960); Storm on the Plains (Vihar a Pusztán) (1967), and I, Katalin Varga (Én, Varga Katalin) (1968). He was a recipient of the Attila József Prize (1950). – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7667.
Szinetár, Miklós (Nicholas) (Budapest, 8 February 1932 - ) – Stage manager and theater director. After completing the Academy of Dramatic Art, he became a manager of the Metropolitan Operetta Theater (Fővárosi Operettszínház), Budapest in 1953, and later Head Manager. From 1960 he was Artistic Manager of the Petőfi Theater (Petőfi Színház). From 1962 he was Senior Manager of Hungarian Television (MTV); from 1971, Artistic Leader; from 1974, Artistic Director; from 1979 Deputy President, and from 1986 to 1990, Senior Manager. Since 1954, he has been teaching at the Academy of Dramatic Art. Since 1993, he has been Director of the Metropolitan Operetta Theater. He is a multi-faceted artist and an important creator of television shows. Apart from spectacular, novel staging of operas, he manages ballet for the stage, as well as for films. He brings to life the most valuable characteristics of the various genres; be it classical drama or operetta, it reveals human traits, and at the same time modernizes the traditions. His stage managing includes Brecht-Weill’s Beggar’s Opera (Koldusopera); Ibsen’s An Enemy of the People (A nép ellensége); Shaw’s Saint Joan; Kodály’s Háry János; Mozart’s Cosi fan tutte (Mindenki így csinálja!), and Wagner’s Tannhäuser. His feature films include Mirage in all Quantity (Délibáb minden mennyiségben) (1961); Háry János (1975); Gypsy Princess (Csárdáskirálynő) (1971), and The Fortress (Az erőd) (1978). He is the author of the book, My Adventures (Kalandjaim) (1988). He is a recipient of the Kossuth Prize (1970), the Jászai Mari Prize (1956, 1961), the Merited Artist title (1967), the Outstanding Artist title (1978), the Béla Balázs Prize (1974), and the Prima Prize (2012). – B: 1445, 1105, T: 7456.
Szini, Gyula (Julius) (Budapest, 9 October 1876 - Budapest, 17 May 1932) – Writer and journalist. He was a descendant of a village schoolmaster and cantor of the Reformed Church, who was the friend of Mihály (Michael) Táncsics and János (John) Vajda. He read Law at the University of Budapest and then worked as a Judge; in 1900, he gave up his position as a Judge and joined the editorial staff of the paper, Pest Diary (Pesti Napló) of Budapest. Later, he became an associate of The News (Az Újság) and, during the same period, he published critical articles in the Hungarian Genius (Magyar Génius) and The Week (A Hét), and later in the Observer (Figyelő), edited by Ernő (Ernrst) Osvát, and also in the journal West (Nyugat). During the months of the Hungarian Council (Soviet) Republic (1919), he was a member of the Writers’ Directorate, while in the Horthy era he withdrew from public life. He translated numerous novels and plays. In selecting his themes he was attracted to the rare, the peculiar and the unusual; he stood far from realism; he was more of a symbolist. His works include Spiritual Adventures (Lelki kalandok) short story (1908); Profane Love (Profán szerelem) novel (1914); Modern Women (Modern nők) studies (1923), and His Selected Short Stories (Válogatott elbeszélései) (1933). In 1929, he was awarded the Baumgarten Prize. – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7456.→Táncsics, Mihály; Vajda, János; Osvát, Ernő; Council (Soviet) Republic of Hungary.
Szinyei Merse, Pál (Paul) (Szinyeújfalu, now Chminianska Nova Ves, Slovakia, 4 July 1845 - Jernye, now Jarovnice, Slovakia, 2 February 1920) – Painter. He was a descendant of an old Hungarian noble family. His father was sub-prefect of County Sáros, later its Lord Lieutenant. He encouraged young Paul to become an artist. His mother was Valéria Jekelfalussy. In 1864 he was enrolled in the Academy of Arts in Munich, where Strähuber, Anschütz, later Sándor (Alexander) Wagner were his teachers. He also became acquainted with the noted German teacher Karl von Piloty, who took him as his student in 1868. From his master he did not adopt the formal academic method, only learned drawing and the rules of designing. The direct and individual tone and color-richness of his art were becoming manifest already in his youthful works, e.g. Faun and Nymph (1868). As early as 1869, when he was 24, his individual form of expression became evident in his plein air masterpieces such as Clothes-drying (Ruhaszáritás) and Swing (Hinta) (both in the National Gallery in Budapest). He was in his favorite element: realism mixed with poetry of the portrayal of life and nature. Soon he painted his first important work, the lyrical Pair of Lovers (Szerelmespár) (also in the National Gallery), Mother and her Child (Anya és gyermeke) and, about the same time, he started working on Picnic in May (Majális), one of the finest paintings by a Hungarian artist, completed in 1873 (now in the National Gallery). This splendid plein air work, brimming with youthful life, a hymn to the beauty of nature and the joy of life, did not reach the merited success and, as a result, Szinyei Merse became discouraged. Giving up painting in earnest, he went back to his family estate at Jernye, got married, managed the farming work, and only for relaxation did he do some painting. But even during this phase of his life, he produced some notable works, like Woman in Violet Dress (Lilaruhás nő) (1874), a painting of his wife, held in the National Gallery. In 1882 he went to Vienna and started painting again in earnest. For example, the work he named Lark (Pacsirta) (1883) was painted then, but it also received unfavorable criticism, further depressing him. His divorce in 1887 also added to his low spirits. Only from 1894 did he start exhibiting again, with works like Melting of Snow (Hóolvadás) and A Field of Poppies (Pipacsos rét). Finally, he was re-discovered by young artists: in the 1896 exhibition, where his Majális scored a resounding success, he became regarded as the creator of the Hungarian plein air painting, who discovered the effect of open air and sunshine and, in the eyes of the young members of the Nagybánya (now Baia Mare, Romania) artist colony, he was the forerunner of their aspirations. Because of the revived interest in his work, he started painting again, but his paintings did not compete with his youthful achievements; in place of his daring creativity came objective naturalism, mostly scenes, painted from life. In 1897, Szinyei Merse was made a Member of Parliament. In 1905, his collective exhibition, organized in the National Salon, proved a great success and, in the same year, he was made Director of the Academy of Applied Art in Budapest, a position he held until his death. In 1907, he took part in the foundation of the Hungarian Impressionists and Naturalists’ Circle (MIÉNK) and several of his paintings appeared at exhibitions abroad. In the spring of 1919, he retired to Jernye due to his illness. There is the Szinyei Merse Society; a High School and a Street in Budapest and Kecskemét bear his name. – B: 0883, 0934, 1031, 1068, T: 7456.→Lyka, Károly; Molnár C., Pál.

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