Review for Middle East Test Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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Review for Middle East Test Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. On the steppes of Central Asia, the most important crops grown are citrus fruits.   a.  True   b.  False 2. The Bosporus is a sea in the Northeast region that encompasses a vast area, covering about 180,000 square miles (466,200 sq. km).   a.  True   b.  False 3. The Elburz Mountains cover northern Iran with a series of peaks that are more than 9,000 feet (2,743 m) high.   a.  True   b.  False 4. The Dead Sea, located in the Jordan Rift Valley, is the lowest point on the Earth’s land surface.   a.  True   b.  False 5. The laws of migration are designed to reduce illegal immigration to the region.   a.  True   b.  False 6. The bedouin nomads of Saudi Arabia established permanent homesteads in prime agricultural areas.   a.  True   b.  False 7. The Tian Shan is a river in Kazakhstan.   a.  True   b.  False 8. Sturgeon fishing has long been an important industry in the Caspian Sea.   a.  True   b.  False 9. Until the twentieth century, control and governance of the Arabian Peninsula was mostly maintained by families, and most governments in the region today are monarchies.   a.  True   b.  False 10. Most countries on the Arabian Peninsula have universal healthcare, equality for women, and mandatory education for males and females.   a.  True   b.  False 11. A kibbutz is a single communal farm or settlement in Israel, while a moshav is a cooperative settlement of multiple small farms.   a.  True   b.  False 12. Most of Lebanon’s agricultural activity occurs along the highly populated Anti-Lebanon mountain range, due to the nutrient-rich soil conditions there.   a.  True   b.  False 13. The Caspian Sea is shrinking due to evaporation.   a.  True   b.  False 14. Coastal and highland areas near mountain ranges usually receive the most rainfall due to winds that push moisture from snowmelt down from the mountains.   a.  True   b.  False 15. The Jordan River flows through all the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean subregion, but it is not as vital as the Dead Sea in terms of agricultural and economic importance.   a.  True   b.  False 16. The Kara-Kum is a forest that covers most of Turkmenistan.   a.  True   b.  False 17. The Eastern Mediterranean subregion comprises Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, and the Palestinian territories.   a.  True   b.  False 18. The North Anatolian Fault has been among the most active faults in the world, with nearly a dozen quakes exceeding 6.7 on the Richter scale of earthquake magnitude.   a.  True   b.  False 19. Most people in the region speak Arabic and are Muslims.   a.  True   b.  False 20. Kazakhstan is one of the more prosperous countries of Central Asia because it is rich in oil and natural gas resources.   a.  True   b.  False Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement. 21. In the A.D. 1000s, the ________ migrated to the western Anatolian Plateau from Central Asia. 22. A territory that belongs to a particular political unit but is separated from it and surrounded by another political unit is a(n) ________. 23. Of the three Northeast countries, only ________ is aligned militarily with Western Europe as a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and is seeking UN membership. 24. Increased population has led countries in the Arabian Peninsula to draw freshwater from underground ________ at an unsustainable rate. 25. As the petroleum industry has grown, the Arabian Peninsula has seen a large increase in ________ “guest” workers. 26. Chemicals used to promote crop growth called ________ become pollutants when they are washed away into areas where they do harm, such as sources of drinking water and habitats of marine life. 27. Oil was discovered in the ________ waters southwest of Iran around 1900. 28. A major cause of loss of arable land is ________, which depletes vegetation and causes erosion. 29. Because the region has little ________ water in rivers or oases, countries are draining groundwater supplies and looking for other sources of freshwater. 30. In 1990, Iraq created unrest in the volatile oil-producing region when it invaded Kuwait, which led to the ________ War. 31. ________ was one of the world’s first culture hearths. 32. The majority of people living in Iraq have ethnic ties to the ________ Peninsula. 33. When the Soviets invaded Afghanistan, they met resistance from Islamic guerrilla fighters known as ________. 34. In colder weather, nomads graze their herds on the fertile, grassy ________ of Central Asia. 35. A distinct cultural area or territory located within a political unit’s territory is a(n) ________. 36. Runoff of chemicals called ________ that are used in the agricultural industry to kill unwanted insects or rodents have limited the use of the Mediterranean Sea as a water source. 37. Israel has augmented its limited natural freshwater resources by using ________ to make sea water drinkable. 38. ________ is the process in which arable land, or land suitable for farming, is gradually lost due to erosion and deforestation. 39. Up to 30 percent of Saudi Arabia’s energy is used in ________ plants, which are an expensive alternative source of freshwater. 40. Under the fundamentalist Islamic ________ government, Afghan women were prevented from getting an education and from working outside the home.   Kazakhstan Armenia Afghanistan   Aral City Apsheron Peninsula 41. a place in which many people continue to be killed or injured by land mines and ammunition left over from periods of war 42. a place with a controversial nuclear power plant in an area prone to earthquakes 43. an area that has been described as the most environmentally damaged land on Earth 44. a place that was once on the coast of one of the world’s largest seas but now lies over 60 miles from the diminished sea’s waters 45. a place that is still affected by radioactive material left at numerous Soviet-era nuclear bases ​   dune   arid   shield   monsoon   peninsula 46. a landform composed of hard, ancient rocks 47. an area of land almost entirely surrounded by water 48. a hill of sand deposited and shaped by the wind 49. an extremely dry climate 50. a strong wind that alternates directions with the seasons   pastoralism   marsh   the Dardenelles   Tehran   cultural hearth   Iran   Ramsar Convention   cuneiform   Anatolian Plateau   Mesopotamia 51. a very narrow part of the Turkish Straits that opens on its eastern end to the Sea of Marmara 52. a meeting in Iran that produced an international treaty to monitor and preserve wetland resources 53. the practice of livestock farming, which may have begun in what is now Iraq 54. a place whose name means “land of the Aryans” 55. a system of wedge-shaped symbols pressed into clay tablets 56. a place that nurtures the growth of a new culture that grows and spreads to other places 57. an endangered natural resource that provides freshwater and floodwater containment in a typically grassy, wet area 58. the homeland of the ancient Sumerians known as “the land between two rivers” 59. a central massif that lies at a high elevation between Turkey’s Pontic and Taurus mountains 60. a city in which air pollution has caused thousands of deaths    Mesopotamian Marsh   monitor air quality soil erosion air pollution 61. a concern for United States military members serving in Iraq, because of dust storms and large amounts of airborne particulates 62. the process of removing fertile earth as a result of deforestation and excessive cultivation 63. a part of the strategy to protect environments by closely watching and evaluating 64. an environmental issue often caused by vehicle emissions in urban areas 65. an ecosystem near the Tigris and Euphrates that is being drained to create farmland     Persian Gulf   an Nafud   Arabian Plate   Arabian Peninsula   Gulf of Aden   Rub’ al-Khali   Arabian Shield   Arabian Sea   Red Sea   Gulf of Oman 66. the landform that includes a tall range of extinct volcanoes and ancient rocks along the west coast of the Arabian region 67. the northern end of the Indian Ocean between India, the Arabian region, and Africa 68. the “empty quarter” desert that is ten times the size of the other desert in the region 69. the body of water to the east of the Arabian countries that connects a gulf by the major oil producing countries and a sea 70. the body of water “choked” by the Strait of Hormuz through which much of the world’s oil is shipped 71. the regional landform mostly surrounded by gulfs and seas to the east, west, and south 72. the northern desert that contains reddish dunes spread across 25,000 square miles (65,000 sq. km) 73. the body of water that connects two seas to the west and south of the Arabian region 74. the part of Earth’s mantle on which the region’s countries are located 75. the body of water that fills a tectonic rift and serves as a transportation route between Europe and Asia     deforestation   rift valley   Arab   Muhammad   fertilizer   stateless nation   mosque   Mediterranean   Torah   arable 76. a type of climate common to coastal areas of the region, in which summers are hot and dry and winters mild and rainy 77. a type of land that is suitable for farming 78. a loss of vegetation in wooded areas sometimes caused by fires and leading to erosion and desertification 79. the ethnic group that makes up most of the population in Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan 80. an elongated lowland created by the separation of tectonic plates 81. a part of the Hebrew Bible containing sacred writings and the books of the prophets 82. a religious teacher who established the Islamic religion 83. an ethnic group, such as the Palestinians, that has no formal country 84. Muslim house of worship 85. an agricultural chemical used to improve crop growth that may become a water pollutant if washed into oceans, rivers, or bodies of freshwater     ziggurat   erosion   the Turkish Straits   Mount Damāvand   qanat   natural boundary   embargo   semi-arid steppe   feeder stream   stateless nation 86. the highest peak in Iran 87. a restriction against buying or selling a certain product or with a certain country 88. a key waterway that marks the border between Asia and Europe and consists of three smaller waterways 89. the type of dry and mild climate found in Turkey’s interior 90. a deterioration of land due to the removal of trees and the excessive cultivation of soil 91. a physical feature, such as a mountain, river, or strait, that serves as a border 92. a waterway that flows into a larger river 93. an underground waterway first built during the Persian Empire 94. a pyramid-shaped temple built with mud bricks by the Sumerians 95. a group that considers itself a nation based on a common culture, but that has no physical location of its own     Christianity   cereal   Black Sea   Taliban   Lake Balkhash   Silk Road   kum   Tashkent   Islam   mujahideen 96. an inland body of water to the west of the Caucasus and the Caspian 97. Afghan guerrillas who fought against Soviet invasion 98. a sandy desert in Central Asia 99. a trade route connecting China and Europe that passed through Central Asia 100. the most populous city in Central Asia 101. any grain—such as barley, oats, or wheat—that is grown for food 102. the majority religion in Central Asia 103. a fundamentalist Sunni Muslim group which controlled the Afghan government from 1996 to 2001 104. a shrinking and increasingly saline body of water in Kazakhstan 105. the majority religion in Georgia and Armenia     steppe   kum   enclave   Aral Sea   Osama bin Laden   Caucasus   Genghis Khan   Caspian   Kara-Kum   exclave 106. the leader of Al-Qaeda 107. a cultural area or territory that is distinct from but entirely within a foreign territory 108. once a large inland body of water that is now several small, disconnected bodies of water 109. a black-sand desert that covers most of Turkmenistan 110. the area of western Central Asia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea 111. a wide, grassy plain often found beside desert regions in Central Asia 112. the leader of the Mongol tribes who conquered Central Asia 113. a territory or cultural area separated from the political entity to which it belongs 114. a dune-covered desert in Central Asia 115. the world’s largest inland body of water     Palestine   Jordan   kibbutz overgrazing   Jordan Rift Valley   pesticide   desalination   moshav   desertification   prophet 116. one who is believed to have delivered messages from God, such as Abraham 117. the depletion of ground vegetation by livestock to the point that erosion may cause desertification 118. one of the most important rivers of the Eastern Mediterranean, flowing through all the states of the subregion 119. the process of removing salt from sea water so that it is drinkable 120. a harmful effect of erosion and deforestation where soil conditions supporting vegetation is lost 121. a group of small, individual Israeli farms, forming a single community 122. a communal Israeli farm or settlement 123. a chemical used to kill or repel unwanted insects or animals; also major water pollutant 124. a stateless nation that is comprised of Muslim Arabs engaged in a long conflict over land with Israel 125. an Eastern Mediterranean landform created by tectonic activity, featuring the Dead Sea, the lowest elevation on Earth’s surface ​   Makkah   hajj   shamal   kafala   Sunni   khat   Shia   simoom   Najd   shari’ah 126. a system in which an employer sponsors a migrant worker by paying his or her expenses 127. a plant chewed as a mild stimulant and on which much groundwater is wasted 128. a brief but dangerously hot “poison” wind 129. a “north” wind that blows sand and dust during midwinter and early summer 130. the law of Islam which governs every aspect of a Muslim’s life 131. a branch of Islam that regards Muhammad’s son and the imams as rightful successors 132. a branch of Islam that regards the first four successors of Muhammad as his rightful successors 133. a religious journey Muslims are expected to complete at least once 134. the holiest city of Islam to which many Muslims make a pilgrimage 135. the central, desert portion of the Arabian Shield     prophet   mosque   Hezbollah  monotheism   Hamas 136. Islamic house of worship 137. a political party holding to Islamic beliefs 138. a person believed to be a divine messenger, such as Abraham 139. a paramilitary group determined to eliminate Israel 140. a belief in one God, common to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Directory: cms -> lib -> TX01917858 -> Centricity -> Domain lib -> 1. naclo 2015 – North American Computational Linguistics Olympiad lib -> 1. naclo 2017 – North American Computational Linguistics Olympiad lib -> Chem I honors Unit 2 Notes: Numbers in Chemistry Measurement lib -> Sanderson High School ap human Geography Summer Assignment 2016 lib -> Find fantastic ousd elementary music programs lib -> American Studies Pacing Calendar 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