The Duke Family in Barbados

The Duke Family in Barbados

The first Englishman to visit Barbados arrived there in 1620, and the first settlement was begun in 1625.¹ In 1630 it was a very new colony, but was already the victim of several years of dispute over ownership of the island. In 1630 John Haye, Earl of Carlisle, obtained ownership from Sir William Courteen, a London merchant who had initiated and financed the earlier colonization. This did not mark the end of the question of ownership, but did mark the Earl of Carlisle obtaining practical control from Courteen.

Emigration permitted those with relatively small financial resources to live quite well in the colonies on incomes that would have left them in diminished circumstances if they lived in England. The association of the Devonshire Duke family with Sir Walter Raleigh could also have influenced an individual to consider emigration to America.

The Barbados Duke Family: Origins

In 1630 a land grant of 300 acres in St. Peter’s Parish was given to Humphry Duke.³ This was not simply an investment by an absentee landlord. William Duke’s 1741 history of the island of Barbados notes that Humphrey Duke was an inhabitant of the island in 1638.⁴ In 1657, and again in 1681, the Duke plantation appears in St. Peter’s Parish on maps of Barbados.

In Barbados the Duke family is said to have been derived from the “Dukes of Lake House, near Exeter.”⁵ This last reference is somewhat confusing, since Lake House is not particularly near Exeter, except perhaps from the perspective of Bridgetown, Barbados. However, this surely refers to the branch of the Duke of family at Otterton, which is traditionally said to be a branch of the Duke family of Lake.

Thomas Duke’s burial monument, located in the parish church, shows the Duke of Lake arms with its three laurel leaf wreathes.⁶ This is strong confirmation of the association of the Barbados family with the Duke family of Lake House. There were simply far too many close relatives and friends of the Duke of Lake family living in Barbados (among them, the Walrond and Prideaux families), and too much travel and communication between Barbados and England, for any inappropriate claim to those arms to have been socially possible for a 17th century Barbadian.

In 1584 a son, Humphry Duke, was born to Richard Duke and Catherine Prideaux Duke of Otterton, Devonshire. Rasleigh Duke, in his turn-of-the-century English family tree, refers to Humphrey’s will having been recorded on January 18, 1668, but does not list the names of his children, nor does he list Humphrey as “d.s.p.” (died sine prole, without offspring). It is possible that he found only evidence of the recording of the will, and not the document itself. More important, he did not find parish records or memorials of his burial in Devonshire.

Humphrey is unique among males in his generation who lived to adulthood in that Rasleigh Duke does not give the date of his death or of his burial, and does not say where he died or where he was buried. It is likely that Rasleigh Duke did not know, because Humphrey died in Barbados and the necessary recording of his will in England was the only evidence of his passing.

It is also especially important that Humphrey Duke’s property in St. Peters Parish is still identified as “Duke” on a 1681 map of Barbados. Humphrey died in or before 1668, and the land was not sold for the benefit of his heirs, who apparently found it more to their advantage to retain the land. Barbados did not have the absentee-landlord pattern characteristic of many colonies, and it is likely that this retention of the land was because those heirs were resident on the island.

In summary, it is virtually certain that the Barbados Duke family was founded by Humphry Duke, born in Devonshire in 1584 to Richard and Catherine Duke of Otterton, when he immigrated to Barbados to assume control of his plantation there in or shortly after 1630.

Evidence to be presented shortly indicates that at the time of his arrival in Barbados Humphry was already married, and that several of his children had been born in England. Several made the difficult journey across the Atlantic when less than 10 years old. Humphry, on the other hand, was at least 42 years old, somewhat older than an ideal age for a rigorous journey.

In 1630 John Haye, Earl of Carlisle, had won ownership of Barbados from Sir William Courteen. The transition was hard on Courteen, but far more so for the settlers. In Barbados, the years 1630-31 were known as “the starving time.” The English Privy Council found it necessary to send emergency supplies to prevent an end to the young colony.⁷ Carlisle was far less responsible, and far less aware of the needs of the new colonists, than Courteen had been. The colonists had only begun to learn the rudiments of agriculture in a new and very different land. This was very early in the history of English colonization of the Americas. The first successful settlement in Virginia was less than 20 years old when colonists set out for Barbados, and Virginia was a very different place than the tropical island of Barbados.

William Duke’s history of Barbados, although written several generations later, strongly suggests that the Duke family sympathies were with the Earl of Carlisle in the disputes over ownership of the colony. This makes sense in terms of the time of the family’s emigration. Humphry doubtless acquired his plantation from Carlisle when the control of the island first devolved to the Earl in 1630.

Later Generations: the 1600’s

All of the men produced children. Henry had a wife, three sons, and two daughters living at home in a census ordered by the English government in 1679. The sons were 24, 20, and 12 years of age, the daughters 25 and 17.⁸ Individuals known from Barbados records for this period fit with this description of Henry’s family.

The name of Henry's wife is not recorded in the census, but a will provides a possible clue to her identity: Penilope Duke, formerly Lodgkinson, was mentioned in the will of Nicholas Murrell, "chirurgeon and practictioner in physic of St. Thomas Parish", 26 January, 1679.⁹ Although an otherwise unknown Duke might account for Penilope Duke’s husband, the only known candidate is Henry of Christ Church Parish.

The births of Henry’s children do not appear in Christ Church Parish registers, although at least three were born during the same period as Robert’s children, who are found in those records. This suggests that Henry and his family were elsewhere until at least 1668, perhaps in St. Peters Parish, where Humphrey’s plantation might have led him to settle when first in Barbados.

For the sons, there are William, who was in the militia in 1679 and later in the year went to the Carolinas; Thomas, in Christ Church Parish for the 1686 birth of his son, Henry; and Henry Duke, who later moved to St. Michael’s Parish.

Two women who are too old to have been Henry’s daughters appear in the Barbados records. First, there was Mary Duke, who married Richard Paar in 1666 in Christ Church Parish. Her age indicates that she was probably the sister of Henry and Robert.

The other is Jane Duke, who married Walter Sherley in December, 1674. Jane Duke is also recorded as having had a son, Robert, who was born in January 1674. This suggests that she was not born a Duke, but was the widow of an individual who had died, father of the infant born at the beginning of that year. Jonathan Duke, who had a daughter named Jane, was probably an older son of Jane and this otherwise unidentified Duke.

In 1687 the will of Daniel Duke, minister of St. George’s parish, Barbados, was probated. His heirs were his wife, Christian; his son, Daniel; and his daughter, Jane Duke Heysar (married).¹⁰ It is unclear whether there was any connection between the families of Henry and Robert Duke and that of Daniel Duke. St. George’s Parish was composed of property owned by a consortium of London merchants, and has a somewhat different history than that of the parishes where Henry and Robert lived. In addition, as an Anglican priest Daniel Duke was subject to assignment by the Bishop of London, and his presence could have been unrelated to the presence of any other family.

Family Connections in Barbados

Richard and Catharine Prideaux Duke’s daughter Elizabeth married Humphrey Walrond, son of Henry Walrond, at Otterton in 1610. In 1614, their son, to become Col. Humphrey Walrond, was christened at the nearby parish church of Ottery St. Mary.¹¹ Col. Humphrey Walrond was exceptionally prominent, and disruptive, in the early political affairs of Barbados during the civil war. In England, he had given £30,000 to the royalist cause.¹² He and his brother Edward, a member of the Inner Temple, have been described as follows:¹³

Endowed with strong personalities, undoubted talents, and a turbulent impatience of all authority but their own, they were a disruptive influence in Barbados for the next twenty years.

The Walrond brothers had immigrated to Barbados after the 1645 capture of the royalist army at Bridgewater.¹⁴ This was common at the time.¹⁵

With his brother Edward, a member of the Inner Temple in London (like his uncle Thomas Duke, brother of Humphrey),¹⁶ Humphrey Walrond provoked the suppression of pro-Parliament families in Barbados in 1650. If the Duke family was present at this time they were, however, silent through the 1650 disputes, appearing neither in the lists of Walrond allies or in the lists of those identified by Walrond as "delinquent." William Duke's later history of Barbados is notably neutral in dealing with the events of this period.

Col. Walrond eventually became President of Barbados, in December 1660, but he was removed in 1662, and in 1663 was charged with receiving £1000 from the Spanish in exchange for concessions related to trade.¹⁷

Members of the Prideaux family also immigrated to Barbados, although the circumstances are unknown. They were not present in 1638; William Duke listed the individuals holding more than 10 acres and living on the island in that year, and the Prideaux family does not appear in that list. Clearly, Barbados was the destination of choice for members of the Devonshire Duke family of Lake House and their relatives during this period, perhaps in part because Humphry Duke had paved the way with his early colonization of the island.

In 1681, less than two years after William moved on to South Carolina, Richard Duke of Otterton, Devonshire, purchased property in South Carolina; this suggests another Devonshire tie to the Barbados Duke family. However, he inquired about this land in 1690 in apparent ignorance of its status and presuming that it had been left unoccupied, so that it seems unlikely that this was connected with William’s immigration to the colony.

Humphrey Duke’s plantation was in St. Peter’s Parish, Barbados, and no members of the Duke family of Barbados appear in parish records there. However, those records may be very incomplete for this period, especially given the destructive events of later years. Henry and his family first appear in Christ Church Parish during the 1679-80 census. Henry’s oldest known child was born in 1654-55, the second in 1655-56. Robert Duke is resident in Christ Church Parish from at least 1658, when his first children (apparently twins) were born.

Robert and Mary Duke and their family lived in Christ Church Parish and are found in records there dating from 1658 and later, although they do not appear in the 1679 census. The 1679 census indicates that Henry Duke owned 23 acres of land and 4 slaves there and itemizes his family, but he and his children do not appear in parish registers.¹⁸ It is possible that the families were seasonally or occasionally resident in St. Peter’s Parish to the north, and it is also possible that they were sometimes absent from the island for visits to England. Distant as it was, colonists did make return visits with some frequency.

In 1679 William Duke was listed in Capt. Ely’s Company of Foot, Barbados Militia Roles.¹⁹ Henry Duke was in Col. Newton’s²⁰ Regiment of Horse, with one horse.²¹ At this time Barbadian planters were required to provide one militia participant for every 10 acres of land that they owned. Henry, with 23 acres, had to provide two in Christ Church Parish. He himself filled one of those positions and William filled the other.

There is no indication in the census that any member of the family fulfilled a militia obligation for the Duke property in St. Peter’s Parish. However, it was customary to hire workers to do this when family members were not available. With the property located at the far end of the island from the principal town, it might have been judged best to employ others to fulfill parish militia responsibilities there.

William Dukes (this is the first appearance of the terminal “s”) went to Charles Towne from Barbados in April, 1679.²² The William Duke who had previously appeared on the Barbados militia roles with Henry Duke does not appear again in records of that island.

However, many members of the Duke family stayed in Barbados after 1679, and through the years they occupied positions of local social and political importance.²³ Thomas became Treasurer of Barbados. His inscription at St. Michael’s Cathedral reads “Thomas Duke, Esq./ Treasurer of this Island/Ob. April 13 An. Dom. 1750. AE 53.” ²⁴ Members of the Duke family intermarried with the Alleyne, Bell, Harrison, Worrell, and Grant families, all of them prominent in local affairs.²⁵ The Rev. William Duke L.L.B. was the Rector of St. Thomas 1758-1786 and Chaplain of the Barbados Assembly. He was the son of William Duke, Clerk of the Barbados Assembly (d.1765), and he was brother of Henry Duke, Solicitor General of Barbados.

Conclusions and the Evidence

Much of the evidence from Barbados is circumstantial. No where has there been a document, a parish register or will, that clearly states that Henry Duke was the son of Humphrey or that William Duke who sailed to Charles Towne in April 1679 was Henry’s son. However, the circumstantial evidence is strong. First, we know that Humphry Duke obtained a land grant in Barbados in 1630, and lived there by 1638, leaving in England only a record of the proving of his will more than thirty years later. He is the only member of the Duke family who can be identified in the early years of Barbados settlement, of an age suitable to have fathered the individuals who appear later.

Subsequently, Henry Duke, born in about 1621, was known to have had two adult sons living with him in Barbados in 1679. Because he owned 23 acres of land, he was known to have been required to provide two individuals for the local militia. He and William Duke are, accordingly, listed in the militia in 1679. In 1679 William was a relatively young man (he lived until 1726), and would fit the census description of either a son of Henry’s 24 or a son 20 years old at this time. After 1679 there is no reference, however, to Henry’s son William continuing to live in Barbados. The logical inference is that this is the William who sailed to Charles Towne.

There are ways in which this chain of inference could have gone wrong. Perhaps one of Humphrey’s brothers (Thomas is the only likely candidate) had one or more sons who joined their uncle in the colony. Perhaps some other complexity intervened, but this seems less likely than the reconstruction presented here.

On the other hand, it has not proven possible to document the presence of this William Duke in South Carolina. Whatever his fate, he does not seem to have been the founder of the Duke family of the South Carolina lowcountry.

Other Family Connections

The following information was provided by Joe Lineberger:

Thomas Farrar Gent. of the town of St. Michaels. 18 April 1702. RB6.37, p. 440. Bro. Francis Farrar; Mary Macollin, dau. of Allen Macollin, decd., my wf Hannah Farrar, Etrx; my friends Benjamin Cryer Esq., Capt Joseph Skeen, Capt. William Battin, and Roger White - Asst Xtrs; cousin Sarah Waight. Wit: Henry Duke, Tho. Hinkinson, Tho. Poore. Recorded 1 May 1702.²⁶

Berkley Fisher now residing in Bdos. 13 Aug 1700, RB6/43, p. 58. ...bro William Fisher and his wf Deborah Fisher* my sis; neice Abagall Marshall; money in the hands of Thos. Cole and Thomas Duke at James River in Chickahominy, Province of Virginny; bro William Fisher - Xtr. Wit: Jno. LeGay, Wm. Lince, William Wilson.²⁷

Coles in the 1704 Virginia Quit Rent list:

Cole Jno Nansemond County, 1704

Cole Richard James City County 1704

Cole Robt Accomack

Cole Robt Charles City County, 1704

Cole Sillvanus Accomack

Cole Wm Accomack

Cole Wm Essex County, 1704

The Fisher-Cole connection is reflected in this Virginia record:

Deed - William Cole to Antonio Separk

(Hustings Court Deed Book 1, page 289, Petersburg,VA.)

This Indenture made this 7th day of March One Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty Seven Between William Cole of the County of Prince George of the one part, & Antonio Separk of the Town of Petersburg of the other part, witnesseth, that for and in consideration of the sum of Five Shillings by the said Antonio to the said William in hand paid at or before the sealing & delivery of these presents, the receipt whereof the said William doth hereby acknowledge.- He the said William hath granted bargained & sold & by these presents doth grant bargain & sell, unto the said Antonio Separk one lott of land lying & being in the said Town of Petersburg & in the part of town known by the name of New Blandford, & in the plan thereof known by the number (35) say thirty five, which said lott of land was drawn in the lottery for laying off New Blandford by Nath'l.Cocke as appears by the plan now of Record in the Court of Hustings of petersburg and was conveyed to him by the Deed from Charles Duncan & by the said Cocke's Attorneys to William Cole, reference being had to the several Deeds all of Record in the Hustings Court of Petersburg may more fully and at large appear.- . . . . In witness whereof he the said William Cole hath hereunto set his hand

and affixed his seal the day & year first above written.

William Cole (Seal)

Signed Sealed & Deliv. in presence of}

Thomas Withers,

John Fisher,

Robert Torrence.

This William Cole was associated with Nathaniel Cocke, relative of Nicholas Cocke who was the nephew by marriage of Elizabeth Duke Mason and witness to the Thomas Hazelwood will.

Deed - Nathaniel Cocke to William Cole

(Hustings Court Deed Book 1, page 327, Petersburg,VA.)

This Indenture made the twenty fifth day of may Anno Domini one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven Between Nathaniel Cocke of the State of Georgia of the one part and William Cole of Prince George County of the other part, whereas William Thompson and William Tarry attorneys for the said Nathaniel Cocke have by their certain Indenture made & executed & bearing date the 25th Day of November, last past, conveyed to the said William Cole three Lotts of Land, situate in that part of the Town of Petersburg called New Blandford and distinguished in the plan of the same by the Numbers (32)(35) & (55) thirty two, thirty five & fifty five belonging to and the property of the said Nathaniel Cocke as will appear by a Deed from Charles Duncan to him bearing date the 3rd Day of May 1786 duly Recorded in the Hustings Court of the said Town, reference being thereto had: .. . . And it is hereby covenanted and agreed by and Between the parties aforesaid to these presents,for themselves and their heirs and assigns that the conveyance made by William Thompson and William Tarry, attorneys of the said Nathaniel Cocke as hereinafter mentioned, of the Three Lotts of Land and premises, is hereby set aside, made void, null and of none effect, In witness whereof the parties aforesaid have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals the Day and year first within written.

Nath'l.Cocke (seal)

J.Hare,

Thos.Rowlett,

James Durell,

Cad.Jones

Thomas Cole also appears in the Virginia Colonial Records Project database:

S. R. Number SR 04628

Repository Principal Probated Registry Class Will-Register Books 86

SEYMER.

Title Will of Joseph Kenny

Dates 1745

Name Cole, Thomas -- 1742, SR 04628, p. 1.

Name Kenny, Joseph, Mrs. SEE Kenny, Rachael (Mrs. Joseph)

Name Kenny, Rachael -- 1745, SR 04628, p. 1.

Name McGinness, William -- 1742, SR 04628, p. 1.

Name Robinson, William -- 1742, SR 04628, p. 1.

Name Kenny, Joseph -- inheritance involving -- 1745, SR 04628, p. 1.

Ship Name H.M.S. Hastings (ship) -- 1745, SR 04628, p. 1.

And also,

S. R. Number SR 08743

Reel Number Not Filmed

Repository Public Record Office Class: ADM 36/1456.

Title Admiralty Muster Books

Dates 1743

Name Cole, Thomas -- 1743, SR 08743, p. 2.

Ship Name Hastings (ship) -- 1743, SR 08743, p. 1-2.

A John Lawrence was also on this muster roll.

An earlier Thomas Cole reference:

S. R. Number SR 10968

Repository Public Record Office Class: E 134 26 and 27 Charles II, Hil 11.

Title Exchequer King's Remembrancer. Depositions taken by Commission

Dates 1674/75

Name Cole, Thomas -- [ca. 1674/75], SR 10968, p. 1.

Name Dumaresq, Benjamin -- lawsuit involving -- 1674/75, SR 10968, p. 1.

Name Cole, Laurence -- testimony by -- 1674/75, SR 10968, p. 1.

Name Wovert, John -- testimony by -- 1674/75, SR 10968, p. 1.

Name Stokes, William -- testimony by -- 1674/75, SR 10968, p. 1.

Name Andrewes, William -- testimony by -- 1674/75, SR 10968, p. 1.

Name Lyne, William -- testimony by -- 1674/75, SR 10968, p. 1.

Ship Name Benjamin (ship) -- 1673, SR 10968, p. 1.

Ship Name Joseph (ship) -- 1673, SR 10968, p. 1.

Ship Name Nicholas (ship) -- 1671, SR 10968, p. 1.

There was legal action involving the ship Richard, owned by Thomas Cole:

S. R. Number SR 13836

Repository Public Record Office Class C 22/259/49.

Title Court of Chancery. Depositions taken by Commission. Hamilton's

Division

Dates 1673

Name Cole, Thomas -- owner Richard, -- I -- 1673, SR 13836, p. 1, 2.

Arthur Grant was master of the Richard.

An even earlier Thomas Cole was a merchant:

S. R. Number SR 10933

Reel Number Not Filmed

Repository Public Record Office Class: C 66/2733.

Title Chancery Patent Rolls. 12 Charles I, Part 9

Dates 1636

Name Goodman, Joseph -- merchant -- 1636, SR 10933, p. 1.

Name Cole, Thomas -- merchant -- 1636, SR 10933, p. 3.

A Thomas Cole was involved in a lawsuit:

S. R. Number SR 10871

Repository Public Record Office Class C/40/1.

Title Chancery. Exceptions to Master's Report

Dates 1759

Name Cole, Thomas -- 1759, SR 10871, p. 1.

There was a Fisher-Goodman family connection:

NORTHAMPTON COUNTY, VIRGINIA - Early Will Abstracts Bayly, Richard freehoulder 6-12-1661/10-29-1661 son Richard Bayly, jr sole heir and ex of my estate. Wf Elizabeth. Kinsmen John and Richard Hinman the sons of John Hinman dec'd. god children: Thomas Williams, Thomas Johnson, John Cuttings dau Mary Parramore, John Lesis, Richard Jones, jr one eq lamb. Son in law Philip Fisher, Rebecca Fisher the dau of Stephen Fisher dec'd John Goodman the son of Fran Goodman dec'd Wit: Edward Moore, John Fawset, Philip Fisher p 93

Williams, Henry 6-9-1661/10-29-1661 ann williams the dau of my son Tobias Williams dec'd Elizabeth Walker the dau of my son in law James Walker.2 sons Henry and Francis Williams .grandchildren: Ann Williams, Elizabeth Walder and Margery Walker. Wf Margery William ex. Wit: William Smith, James Walker, George Frizell p 95 Philip Fisher , Rebecca Fisher the dau of Stephen Fisher dec'd John Goodman the son of Fran Goodman dec'd Wit: Edward Moore, John Fawset, Philip Fisher p 93

Francis GREENIDGE, planter. Christ Church Parish, 26 Oct 1698, RB6/37, p. 524. God son Francis GREENIDGE at 18 the son of John GREENIDGE; friend William HOUGH; daus Margaret GREENIDGE; Sarah GREENIDGE, and Mary GREENIDGE all at 18 or marriage; my wf Mary GREENIDGE; son John GREENIDGE at 18; cousins William GREENIDGE and Francis GREENIDGE the sons of bro William GREENIDGE; friends Henry DUKE and Clayborn BASELWOOD - Xtrs. Wit: Thomas AUSTIN, William AUSTIN, William HOUGH. Proved 10 Oct 1702.²⁸

Susannah MACKSFIELD of Bdos. St Michaels Parish, 7 June 1723, RB6/6, p. 552. Dau Deborah MACKSFIELD; son William MACKSFIELD; Daniel WILES of St Michaels Bdos Gent. - Xtr. Wit: John DUKE, George DIXSON. Proved 15 June 1723.²⁹

The Will of James MASHART, dated 17 May, 1702 mentions five acres in Christ Church Parish...bounded...the land of Henry DUKE lately purchased of Robert HANSON....³⁰

Robert NURSE, planter Christ Church Parish, 12 Nov 1702, RB6/10, p. 568. Son John NURSE...bounding Capt. Edward BURKE Esq...my wf Ann NURSE to divide among her children; my son Richard NURSE; my son Robert NURSE - Xtr. bro Henry DUKE - Overseer in trust. Wit: Andrew BUE(?) Mary SENDY, Richard BLAKE. Proved 14 Sept. 1703.³¹

Moses PEIXOTTO of the town of St Michaels Bdos, merchant...27 Oct 1719, RB6, p. 264. Dau Judith PEIZOTTO [sic]; son Abraham PEIXOTTO...my wf Rachell PEIXOTTO and son Joshua PEIZOTTO [sic]...Xtrs...my bro Issac PEIXOTTO merchant - Xtr after death of my wf; friend Issac GOMEZ merchant - Asst Xtr. Wit: Henry DUKE, Rogr FAVELL, Thomas CLARKE. Proved 28 June 1721.³²

Ambrous SAUNDERS of the town of St Michaels. St Michaels Parish 27 Aug 1718, RB6/4, p. 375. Bro Jacob SAUNDERS in Beddin in Barkshire in the pa Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations, Vol. II, 1701-1725 ed. Joanne Mcree Sanders, p. 307. rt of Great Britain formerly called England; friends Henry DUKE and Richard WILTSHIRE both of the town and parish of St Michaels in Bdos - Xtrs. Wit: Benja. SULLAVANT, Francis PEARCE. Proved 23 Oct 1718.³³

Thomas SIMKINS now of the parish of St Michaels in Barbados, being bound off this island. St Michaels Parish, 2 Oct 1716, RB6/6, p. 546. My sis Elizabeth DUKE and her son William DUKE, if he dies to Thomas DUKE; sis Ann VANGENT and her dau Mary MADOX widow - bond due me by Edward MADOX; Elizabeth and Hannah, legacy 1st above mentioned to be paid to sis Elizabeth DUKE - money in the hands of Col. Thomas HORNE and Lt. Col. Richard HUSBANDS; John SNOW my Atty - profits of my plantation for 5 years, it redowns to his son John SNOW, Jr.; friend John SNOW - Xtr. Wit: John BLAND, Tho. SUKERTON (or SEEKERTON), Richard BARTON. Proved 20 May 1723.³⁴

John TAYLOR, merchant St Michaels Parish 29 Apr 1717, RB6/4, p. 170. My wf Hannah TAYLOR...my son Richard TAYLOR...except the land I bought of William GODMAN, decd; my wf Hannah and friend William PULMAN - Gdns to my son Richard; cousin Margaret HUTTON, dau of sis Alice HUTTON; son John TAYLOR - Xtr. Wit: Henry DUKE, Thos. DUKE, Davd. WARREN. Proved 29 Aug 1717.³⁵

1 Vincent T. Harlow. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. New York: Negro Universities Press.

2 William Duke. 1743. Memoirs of the First Settlement of the Island of Barbados, and other Carribbee Islands, with the Succession of Gvoernors and Commanders in Chief of Barbados to the Year 1742. London: E. Owen. Reprinted 1891, Bridgetown, Barbados: J. Evans Walcott. Page 63.

3 Vere Langford Oliver. 1915. The Monumental Inscriptions in the Churches and Chruchyards of the Island of Barbados, B.W.I. London.

4 William Duke. 1743. Memoirs of the First Settlement of the Island of Barbados, and other Carribbee Islands, with the Succession of Gvoernors and Commanders in Chief of Barbados to the Year 1742. London: E. Owen. Reprinted 1891, Bridgetown, Barbados: J. Evans Walcott. Page 54.

5 James C. Brandow. 1983. Genealogies of Barbados Families. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co.

6 Vere Langford Oliver. 1915. The Monumental Inscriptions in the Churches and Chruchyards of the Island of Barbados, B.W.I. London.

7 Vincent T. Harlow. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. New York: Negro Universities Press. Page 13.

8 Brandow, James C., ed. 1982 Omitted Chapters from Hotten's Original lists of persons of Quality and Others who Went from Great Britain to the American Plantations, 1600-1700: Census Returns, Parish Registers, and Militia Rolls from the Barbados Census of 1679/80. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company.

9 Sanders, Joanne McRee. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations: Volume I, 1638-1680.

10 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. II, 1701-1725.

11 IGI 1992.

12 Freer, Ronald. 1972. A History of Barbados. New York: Random House. Page 31.

13 ^ Harlow, Vincent T. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. New York: Negro Universities Press. Page 47.

14 ^ Harlow, Vincent T. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. New York: Negro Universities Press. Page 45.

15 ^ Harlow, Vincent T. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. New York: Negro Universities Press. Page 45.

16 Interestingly, Humphrey Walrond’s two sons were named Henry and Thomas.

17 Harlow, Vincent T. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. NY: NUP. Pages 150 et seq.

18 Brandow, James C., ed. 1982. Barbados and America. Omitted Chapters from “Hotten’s Persons of Quality and Others … “ At the same time, Thomas Walrond in Christ Church Parish had 340 acres, 18 servants (many presumably indentured), and 170 slaves; the majority of residents had, however, fewer acres than did Henry. (John Camden Hotten. 1874. Original Lists of Persons of Quality …1600-1700. London: John Camden Hotten.)

19 Brandow, James C., ed. 1982. Barbados and America. Omitted Chapters from Hotten's Original lists of persons of Quality and Others who Went from Great Britain to the American Plantations, 1600-1700: Census Returns, Parish Registers, and Militia Rolls from the Barbados Census of 1679/80. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company.

20 Protocol on the island was not relaxed. This Col. Newton complained to the Council that someone of lower rank allowed his coach to take precedence over his own at the funeral of Anne, Dowager Baroness Willoughby of Parham. The offendor was compelled to apologize, but the complaint raised another, leading to the resignation of Sir Timothy Thornhill from the Council. (Vincent T. Harlow. 1926. A History of Barbados 1625-1685. New York: Negro Universities Press. Page 256.)

21 Brandow, James C., ed. 1982 Omitted Chapters from Hotten's Original lists of persons of Quality and Others who Went from Great Britain to the American Plantations, 1600-1700: Census Returns, Parish Registers, and Militia Rolls from the Barbados Census of 1679/80. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company.

22 Brandow, James C., ed. 1982 Omitted Chapters from Hotten's Original lists of persons of Quality and Others who Went from Great Britain to the American Plantations, 1600-1700: Census Returns, Parish Registers, and Militia Rolls from the Barbados Census of 1679/80. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company.

23 James C. Brandow. 1983.Genealogies of Barbados Families. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co.

24 Oliver, Vere Langford. 1915. The Monumental Inscriptions in the Churches and Churchyards of the Island of Barbados, B.W.E. London.

25 One of these families provided in a will witnessed by a William Duke for the disposition of two slaves named “Yea” and “Nay.”

26 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. II, 1701-1725. page 116.

27 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. II, 1701-1725. page 120.

28 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. II, 1701-1725. page 145.

29 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. II, 1701-1725. page 221.

30 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. III, 1701-1725. page 227.

31 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. III, 1701-1725. page 252.

32 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. III, 1701-1725. page 261.

33 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. III, 1701-1725. page 300.

34 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. III, 1701-1725. page 307.

35 Sanders, Joanne Mcree, ed. Barbados Records: Wills and Administrations. Vol. III, 1701-1725. page 333.

Directory: genealogy
genealogy -> A heritage medley: some gummer stories with mention of the moginie, champtaloup and other families
genealogy -> I cleaned up the French translations a little tm
genealogy -> Anthropology of Religion
genealogy -> Descendants of Charles & Anne Payne

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