This is a sample report. Remember to personalize all details to your client. Do not cut & paste!!! Voice Evaluation Date (e g. January 1, 20xx) Client
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THIS IS A SAMPLE REPORT. REMEMBER TO PERSONALIZE ALL DETAILS TO YOUR CLIENT. DO NOT CUT & PASTE!!! Voice Evaluation Date (e.g. January 1, 20xx) Client: Ms. Jane Doe Birthdate: March 23, 1955 C.A: 56 years Address: P. O. Box 12, Anywhere, VT 05401 Phone: 802-863-0000 (H); 802-865-1111 (W); 802-373-1212 (C) Referral Source: Dr. Billy Bob Smith, Otolaryngologist Graduate Clinician: Barbie Bennetton, B.A. Clinical Faculty: Margaret Clinton, M.S., CCC-SLP Diagnosis and Code: Hoarseness: 784.42; Vocal fold nodules: 784.4 Referral Questions:
Background: Ms. Jane Doe, age 56 years, was referred to this clinic for evaluation of her voice by Dr. Billy Bob Smith, otolaryngologist at General Hospital. His examination of July 8, 2001 revealed “vocal raspiness most likely secondary to “bilateral true vocal chord edema with a small, true vocal cord nodule (~2 mm) on the medial surface of the left anterior third junction.” Furthermore, there was evidence of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). Dr. Smith recommended vocal hygiene measures, cessation of smoking and throat clearing, increasing clear liquids, Prilosec 20 mg. once a day, and a perceptual and acoustic voice evaluation at this clinic. During today’s session, Ms. Doe reported that she first began has experiencing hoarseness at least two to three years ago, when she developed a right anterior neck cyst. The cyst was excised in December 2009, but her voice never returned to normal. Over the last three to four months she has noticed a slight increase in hoarseness and the need to repeatedly clear her throat. Though her voice is consistently hoarse, she reported that her voice is sometimes slightly better than on other days though did not know what contributed to improved or worsened voice. Ms. Doe is a police officer with the Anywhere Police Department and her responsibilities include frequent speaking engagements (DARE program 3x/week) during which she must speak over a lot of ambient noise, and as a supervisor overseeing the jail, new recruits, and the schedule. Furthermore, she has smoked one pack of cigarettes a day for 20 years, attempting at this time to reduce the number, experiences migraines, underwent hysterectomy at 23 years of age, and has a familial history of thyroid disease. She denies having any allergies. Objectives: The following informal and formal assessment measures were used in today’s session and are reported in the paragraphs that follow: Hearing Status: As part of her job as a police officer, Ms. Doe is required to have her hearing checked every two years. She reports that her hearing is normal, having undergone an evaluation just three months ago. No other hearing assessment was conducted during today’s session. Oral Mechanism Examination: A superficial examination of Ms. Doe’s articulators was conducted to assess structure and function of the musculature. Tongue, lips, hard and soft palates appeared to be symmetrical and functioning within normal limits. A digital examination of the larynx revealed some slight stiffness. When asked about swallowing problems, Ms. Doe reported that, at times, she has some difficulty swallowing the some foods, especially when foods are drier (e.g. crackers and bread). During these times, she reported that she has the sensation of food lodged in her throat and needs to cough it up. Laryngeally, she feels that there is “something there” in her throat. During a cursory motor speech examination, Ms. Doe demonstrated a slight difficulty in performance of the diadochokinetic tasks (repetitive alternating movements) such as repeating “puh”, “tuh”, “kuh”, or “puhtuhkuh”. Repetitions were slightly slowed and not necessarily smooth in their execution. Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V): The CAPE-V rates auditory-perceptual qualities of an individual’s voice. The overall severity, roughness, breathiness, strain, pitch and loudness of the individual’s voice are rated during several tasks including general conversation, vowel prolongation and reading sentences. She also read the Rainbow Passage to observe coordination of respiration and voice production. The ratings of the abovementioned parameters were plotted on a 100 millimeter scale, with “0” corresponding to typical normal voice and “100” indicating a severely deviant voice. Ms. Doe’s ratings are detailed in the table below. Table 1. CAPE-V Ratings
In addition to the observations noted above, hard glottal attacks on vowel-initiated words and glottal fry were frequently evident. Articulation and speech rate were within normal limits; intelligibility was 100%. Respiratory Measures: Two measures of respiratory and phonatory efficiency and coordination were conducted and are reported below. s:z ratio task: Ms. Doe was instructed to prolong the phonemes /s/ and /z/ for three trials each. Normative data suggests that adults can prolong these sounds for 20-25 seconds. Ratios of 1.4 and above are consistent with laryngeal inefficiency and ratios of 2.0 and above are suggestive of vocal fold pathology. Ms. Doe’s ratio of 1.75 is consistent with her medical diagnosis of bilateral vocal nodules and indicates, at the very least, laryngeal inefficiency. In only one case was she able to prolong the sounds for 20-25 seconds, demonstrating that that her breath support was far shorter than expected. Table 2. s:z Ratio Task
Maximum phonation time: Ms. Doe was also instructed to prolong the vowel sounds /i/ and /u/. Adults are typically able to prolong these vowels for 15-20 seconds. Perturbation is the variation of fundamental frequency or pitch that is present in all speakers and results from normal instability of the vocal folds. It varies according to age, gender, and physical condition. The results demonstrate that Ms. Doe has difficulty prolonging sound and runs out of breath. Her higher perturbation values suggest increased tension in the laryngeal mechanism. Table 3. Maximum Phonation Time Task
Measures of Pitch and Intensity: The Visipitch, a computer driven device, was used to extract objective information for pitch and intensity.Habitual pitch: Ms. Doe read the Rainbow Passage a second time during which her everyday pitch was calculated to be 176.0 Hz. A woman of 56 years old is expected to have a pitch near 195 Hz.(S.D. =3.4) indicating that her pitch is slightly lowered. Phonatory range: A glissando (sliding) technique was used to obtain highest and lowest pitches. Ms. Doe was able to produce voice from 154.2-289.2 Hz. With clinician modeling and cueing, she was able to reach 372.8 Hz, however vocal quality was perceived to be quite strained and harsh. Vocal quality seemed best between 200-265 Hz. Normative data for women 35-70 years of age indicates a phonational range of 136-803 Hz., demonstrating that Ms. Doe’s pitch range is significantly restricted. Additionally, quality was consistently hoarse along the entire range. Dynamic range: Ms. Doe was able to gradually raise her intensity from 35 to 70 dB, however some difficulty was observed at the maximum as her breath stream became depleted. Quality was harsh throughout the task.Trial Therapy/Facilitating Techniques: Several facilitating techniques were tried to assess if any one would decrease the presence of harshness and laryngeal focus of resonance in Ms. Doe’s voice.
Summary and Interpretation: Ms. Jane Doe, age 56, presented with a moderate-severe dysphonia (vocal disturbance), characterized by decreased and inefficient breath support, considerable harshness with occasional breathiness, slightly lowered pitch, pressed voice and a laryngeal focus of resonance. These vocal symptoms are not surprising, in light of the medical findings of bilateral vocal fold edema and left vocal fold nodule. While it is hard to identify the exact etiology of her voice difficulties, the development of a neck cyst three years ago might have displaced the laryngeal cartilages and tissues, thereby causing excessive tension and creating an aberrant physiological response. Even after its removal, it is possible that habits had developed maintaining deviant vocal fold movement and leading to the development of edema and nodule. Other significant contributing factors to the maintenance of her voice problems are the amount and type of talking that Ms. Doe is required to do as part of her job, constant throat clearing, LPRD and the fact that she is a cigarette smoker. Recommendations: The following recommendations were made following the completion of today’s session and discussed with Ms. Doe:
Possible Goals
Prognosis: Fair to good. Ms. Doe is motivated to improve vocal production for everyday use. In this session, she demonstrated the ability to improve voice quality. However, her smoking and job related vocal responsibilities may make it difficult to achieve quick results. It was a pleasure working with Ms. Doe during today’s session. I look forward to working with her on vocal improvement. If there should be any questions or concerns regarding the findings and recommendations discussed in this report, please contact me at the Eleanor M. Luse Center. ___________________________ Barbie Bennetton, B.A. Graduate Clinician
Margaret Clinton, M.S., CCC-SLP Speech and Language Pathologist Clinical Faculty Cc: Ms. Jane Doe P. O. Box 12 Anywhere, VT 05401
Otolaryngology Surgical Associates 10 Corner Road P. O. Box 1360 South Burlington, VT 05407-1360
Mary Jones, M.D. Anywhere Health Center RR 2, P.O.Box 63 Anywhere, VT 05401
Blue Cross Blue Shield Medical Directors Assistant 1000 State Street, Suite 54 P. O. Box 54 Montpelier, VT 05601-54 Download 42.4 Kb. Share with your friends:
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