Accounting technicians scheme west africa
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- Traditional communication
- Downward Communication
- Horizontal Communication
| Written communication: This can take the form of letter, report, memos, note, email, books. c) Electronic communication e-mail, webcam, fax, you tube, Facebook, twitter, website etc. db Audiovisual communication: Television, radio, Public Address (PA, walkie-talkie, etc. e) Traditional communication: writing on cloth, trees, stones, signs and symbols, town criers, etc. f) Active listening: Listening is making sense of what is heard and requires paying attention, interpreting, and remembering sound stimuli. F.4 Forms of Communication in an Organisation In atypical organisation, information is transmitted in several directions. Superiors instruct subordinates or request for information. Subordinates transmit information to their managers on a daily basis. There is also exchange of information among departments and people. This section takes a look at the directions in which Communication flows. In terms of direction, communication flow maybe categorized as a) Upward communication b) Downward communication c) Horizontal communication and d) Crosswise communication. 316 ab Upward Communication: Upward communication refers to the transmission of information from the bottom of the organisation hierarchy to the top. Media used in upward communication includes suggestion boxes, Internet, fax, telephones, meetings, letters, face-to-face conversation, memoranda, grievance procedure and the grapevine. b) Downward Communication: This has to do with the transmission of information from the top of the organisat1on hierarchy to the bottom. Downward communication uses several channels - the grapevine, face-to-face contacts, circulars, notices, telephone, committees, employee handbooks, organisation manuals, house magazines, Internet. c) Horizontal Communication: This has to do with the transmission of information among people on the same level of the organisation. Media used in horizontal communication include committee meetings, telephone, face-to-face contacts, Circulars, memoranda and electronic media such as fax, internet and closed circuit television. db Crosswise Communication: This refers to the diagonal flow of information among employees at different levels of the organisation and indifferent departments. Usually those engaged in crosswise communication have no direct relationship and the information flow does not follow the chain of command of line of authority. Figure 5.4: Flow of Communication in an organisation Download 3.37 Mb. Share with your friends:
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