Dartmouth 2012 1 nextgen blocks
PPP is key to NextGen success
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- Lack of cooperation in both houses leaves Congress with no solution to the economy
PPP is key to NextGen success.Peters 12 (Mary Peters, 2012, Administrator of FHWA, USDOT, NextGen Fund, “This Public Private Partnership is the only way to bridge the gap between the FAA’s NextGen system and the airline industry.” http://www.nextgenfund.com/fund.html) Finding efficiencies and cost-effective ways to meet public needs has never been more important. A proven Public Private Partnership (PPP) structure is the only viable way forward. This is not about privatization. It is about using the strengths, knowledge and resources of all parties to benefit our economy. There are hundreds of examples of PPPs working efficiently in the U.S. and around the world. The NextGen Fund, supported by ITT Corporation and leading aerospace companies and leading financial institutions from Wall Street, will invest $1.5 billion in private-sector capital to overcome the investment barriers that have prevented U.S. airlines from investing in NextGen technologies. The NextGen Fund will enable the retrofit of up to 70 percent of the U.S. commercial air transport fleet — and some general aviation aircraft — with NextGen systems. The airlines' hesitation is understandable, as they need to start making these investments years before the FAA systems are ready to deliver real economic benefits. There are several features of the NextGen Fund that are of key importance to addressing the airlines' concerns. Airlines will be able to upgrade their aircraft without large capital outlays or adding debt to their balance sheets. Payments can be deferred until the FAA delivers specific NextGen services. Using the NextGen Fund, airline commitments can be used to accomplish "Predominant Equipage" where they are most needed in our Nation's skies. We've talked a lot about the commitment and benefit to private companies and industries. There is also a large commitment from the public sector. Congress continues to support and fund NextGen as a national priority. The FAA is already investing in NextGen infrastructure development, and plans to invest billions of dollars to develop and install NextGen systems in our Nation's aging air traffic control system. The first of these NextGen technologies uses advanced satellite position data to track aircraft with more precision. The FAA is on schedule to have this system installed and operating in 2013. As the FAA's first major procurement for an air traffic control system structured as a PPP, its success is a harbinger for future NextGen technology programs. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation,1 PPPs represent a wide variety of project financing and delivery approaches, which offer the potential to expedite projects and cost effectively operate and maintain the resulting infrastructure and services. By leveraging scarce public funds and tapping private sector capital, PPPs can help agencies "do more with less." The common element of a PPP is that public sponsors of transportation projects, in this case the FAA, engage the private sector to a greater degree in the performance of certain functions previously handled by the public sector. This can range from contract maintenance to innovative life-cycle finance, technology and infrastructure development, operations, and preservation. Not too long ago, a senior Department of Transportation official stated, "In a time of funding shortages at all levels of government, it is particularly important that we look to opportunities for the private sector to participate in funding transportation infrastructure improvements." A2 likely companies to implement A2 likely locations A2 likely ways to fund the cp ***DAs Fiscal Discipline DA Lack of cooperation in both houses leaves Congress with no solution to the economySahadi (Senior Writer for CNNMoney. Specializing in taxes and deficit spending) 7/16/12 (Jeanne, “Fiscal Cliff Fight is On, and Economy Suffers” LexisNexis) The inability of Democrats and Republicans to work out their differences on the fiscal cliff is already becoming a problem for the economy. And that problem will grow the longer the standoff lasts. In the latest turn of events, Sen. Patty Murray, a leading Senate Democrat, said Monday that no deal will be cut until Republicans agree to raise taxes on high-income households. "If we can't get a good deal, a balanced deal that calls on the wealthy to pay their fair share, then I will absolutely continue this debate into 2013 rather than lock in a long-term deal this year that throws middle class families under the bus," Murray said in prepared remarks at the Brookings Institution. The cliff represents a host of expiring tax cuts -- including the Bush tax cuts -- and nearly $1 trillion in across-the-board spending cuts that everyone agrees is a terrible way to reduce deficits. Republicans want to replace the scheduled defense cuts with deeper cuts in non-defense domestic programs. And they'd like to extend the Bush tax cuts for everyone. Democrats don't like the spending cuts either -- which will total roughly $110 billion next year. But if they're going to be averted or postponed, Democrats want a package deal. "None of the automatic cuts are good policy. They were packaged together ... and they will be replaced, or not, as a package," Murray said. And Democrats want the portion of Bush tax cuts that apply to high-income households to expire. Economists -- most recently at the International Monetary Fund - have urged lawmakers to ratchet back the effect of the fiscal cliff in 2013, lest it throw the economy back into recession. In 2013 alone, the combination tax increases and spending cuts would be a more than $500 billion hit to the economy. Practically, no one expects Congress to let the fiscal cliff take effect in full. But the uncertainty of how and when lawmakers will resolve the issue is hurting business confidence and weighing heavily on companies' investment and hiring decisions, said Nariman Behravesh, chief economist for IHS Global Insight. It won't kill the economy, Behravesh stressed, but it will curtail growth. "It'll mean growth -- employment growth, GDP growth -- will grind down," Behravesh said. Defense contractors have already indicated they're in a hiring lockdown and could have to send out layoff warning notices this fall. Federal agencies are also likely to put off signing contracts and making new hires. Uncertainty is also likely to cause tumult in the stock market. "Stocks have been under pressure, and will remain this way until there is some resolution," said Alex Hamilton, an analyst at EarlyBirdCapital, a boutique investment bank. Not everyone is worried that Murray's ultimatum - or House Speaker John Boehner's insistence that more spending cuts will be needed before the debt ceiling is raised again - are quite so inflexible. "Both sides will have to dial down tension ... as interest groups and market participants increase pressure for a path forward. ... Any politician who says they are willing to go over the ledge is likely bluffing to build leverage," said Sean West, director of U.S. policy at the Eurasia Group. West believes that if there's no sign of a deal near year's end, they would sign on to a short-term package to avert the cliff temporarily. That may be cold comfort, though, to those actually trying to run a business and hire people. The economy is weakening, the slowdown on job growth indicates we’re entering another recession – that’s constable july 7th. The economy is weak- unemployment and uncertainty Howe 7/27 [7/27/12 US economy loses steam Peter J. Howe, New England Cable News Business Editor. http://www.necn.com/07/27/12/US-economy-loses-steam/landing_business.html?blockID=747455&feedID=4209] "The U.S. economy is weakening," Eaton Vance vice president and portfolio manager Eric Stein said Friday after the Commerce Department’s GDP announcement. "We're in our third consecutive summer of a slowdown. We're not in a double dip, but it's certainly not strong growth by any stretch of the imagination. We're certainly in a soft patch for the U.S. economy … Business investment is still strong, kind of leading the recovery. Exports aren't that good. The rest of the world is slowing, particularly Europe is slowing, but also even parts of Asia are slowing" and reducing U.S. corporations’ opportunities to export goods and services abroad. Josh Pierce, research director for Bay State Wealth Management in Boston, said the 1.5 percent growth is barely half of what the economy needs to see unemployment come down rapidly, and represents an unusually tepid level of growth reflecting what an unusual, weak recovery this has been from a unique Great Recession driven by a financial and real-estate collapse. "Typically, going back to World War II, I think we should be looking at 3.7 to 4.2 percent growth. We're not seeing that. But then again, we're not used to a credit bubble burst and total deleveraging of the consumer" – households suddenly cutting back on spending and increasing saving to make up for collapsed housing and investment values – "So when you look at that and say, ‘At least we're growing,’ well, that's nice. But there's still a huge unemployment number. The Fed's running out of bullets. There's a lot to be worried about," said Pierce. Stein agreed that "uncertainty is holding back the U.S. economy. The biggest source of uncertainty is what's going on in Europe with their debt crisis. The second part is really here domestically, both the fiscal cliff" of threatened simultaneous steep tax increases and spending cuts on Jan. 1 if a gridlocked Congress and President Obama can’t make a deal "as well as the upcoming election." Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. 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