Education resource centre

- Building as a discipline; a science subject that deals with construction of structures e.g. wall, column, bean etc

- Building as a process; the procedures involved in erection of various types of structures.

- Building as a product; the production or development of structural outlets such as shopping centers, homes, building etc.

Students should be able to define building as a process,

Describe building as a product.

Resources; picture or drawing of building structure on chalk board.

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  Types of building according to;- ownership- public and private.
  
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  Uses;- residential, industrial, commercial.
  
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  Height;- low, high rise.
  

Students should be able to identify building and classify them according to; ownership, use and height.

Resources; charts, posters, drawings and films.

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  Definition of a building construction
  
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  Purpose of building construction
  
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  Procedures for building construction.
  

Students should be able to define building construction, outline the stages to follow while constructing building.

Resources; visit any site under construction

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  Definition of safety
  
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  Hazards in the workplace and site (dangerous construction tools, materials, gasses and liquid, scaffold etc)
  
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  Causes and methods of accident prevention
  

Students defines safety, write and draws in safety signs.

Resources; real safety equipments, first aid box.

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  Identification of basic hand tools e.g (shovel, trowel, spirit level, lines etc
  

Students identify tools and equipments, sketch and label the hand tools, state the functions of basic hand tools and equipments.

Resources; hand tools and equipments.

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  Functions of basic hand tools, equipments and machines.
  

Students identify tools and equipments, sketch and label the hand tools, state the functions of basic hand tools and equipments.

Resources; hand tools and equipments.

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  Parties in construction team
  
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  Functions of construction teams
  
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  Relationship of the parties.
  

Students list parties in the construction team, state their functions.

Resources; chart showing the relationship of the teams.

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  Operations involved in site clearing and leveling.
  
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  Tools and equipment for site clearing and leveling.
  

Students note operations involved in site clearance and leveling and tools to be used, visiting a site.

Resources; tools to be used for site clearance and clearance, visit a site.

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  Preliminary operations involved in building construction, procedures for layout of building site.
  

Students identify items required before the starting of building, sketch the layout for a proposed building site.

Resources; drawing/charts, site layout drawing, video clips etc.

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  Location, boundary, live access, boarding etc
  

Students identify items required before the starting of building, sketch the layout for a proposed building site.

Resources; drawing/charts, site layout drawing, video clips etc.

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  Production of drawings
  
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  Interpretation of building drawings.
  

Students explain the production drawing, draw a complete set of building drawing, study and interpret drawing.

Resources; video clips, production drawings, building plans, building drawing instruments.

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  Definition and
  
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  Method of setting out such as;- 3:4:5 method, builder’s square, square method etc
  

Students list the method and tools for setting out, use tapes and pegs to make building in setting out by 3:4:5 method & builder’s square.

Resources; tapes, pegs, lines, plus builder’s square and profile board.

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  Tools and equipments for setting out; builder’s square, Profile tapes, pegs.
  
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  Procedures for setting out.
  

Students list the method and tools for setting out, use tapes and pegs to make building in setting out by 3:4:5 method & builder’s square.

Resources; tapes, pegs, lines, plus builder’s square and profile board.

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  Types of soil e.g. clay, sandy etc
  
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  Properties and classification of soil
  
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  Definition of excavation.
  

Students state the properties of soil and their characteristics, visit construction site, identify tools for excavation.

Resources; digger, shovel, bulldozer etc.

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  Method and tools used for excavation
  

1. 
   Manual; diggers, shovels, head pans etc
   
2. 
   Mechanical; bull dozers etc.
   
3. 
   
   

Students state the properties of soil and their characteristics, visit construction site, identify tools for excavation.

Resources; digger, shovel, bulldozer etc

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  Definition of concreting
  
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  Materials for concreting
  
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  Types of reinforcement e.g. twisted steel bars, plane steel bar etc
  

Students identify materials needed for concrete, state the uses of reinforcement, visit construction site.

Resources; cement, sand, and gravel, reinforcement bars.

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  Uses of reinforcement bars.
  
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  Diagrams
  

Students identify materials needed for concrete, state the uses of reinforcement, visit construction site.

Resources; cement, sand, and gravel, reinforcement bars.

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  Definition of concreting
  
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  Components of cement
  
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  Uses of cement.
  
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  Functions of cement, fine and course aggregate in concrete mix.
  
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Students identify the manufacturing process of cement and their uses.

Resources; charts, video clips, pictures of cement etc

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  Definition of foundation
  
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  Functional requirement of foundation.
  

Students define foundation and its functions, sketch different types of foundation, visit a construction site.

Resources; model construction and some drawings.

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  Types of foundation e.g. strip, raft, pile foundation.
  

Students define foundation and its functions, sketch different types of foundation, visit a construction site.

Resources; model construction and some drawings.

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  Factors that determine choice of foundation.
  

Students define foundation and its functions, sketch different types of foundation, visit a construction site.

Resources; model construction and some drawings.

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  Functions of ground floor
  
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  Types of ground floor (solid and suspended).
  

Students explain the functions of ground floor, state the types of ground floor, sketch a section, showing solid ground floor, visit any construction site.

Resources; spirit level, trowel, head pan, lines, straight edge, wooden float etc, cement, sand and gravels.

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  Functional requirements of ground floor
  
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  Production of ground floor.
  

Students explain the functions of ground floor, state the types of ground floor, sketch a section, showing solid ground floor, visit any construction site.

Resources; spirit level, trowel, head pan, lines, straight edge, wooden float etc, cement, sand and gravels.

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  Definition of wall
  
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  Types of wall (load bearing and non-load bearing walls)
  
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  Functions of walls.
  

Students define wall, states the types of wall, list the functions of wall, sketch wall, visit any construction site.

Resources; bricks, blocks, stones, fibers, sheet of metal etc.

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  Definition of walling materials
  
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  Types of walling materials e.g. cement, blocks, bricks etc
  
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  Characteristics and properties of walling materials.
  

Students define walling materials, its types and characteristics.

Resources; bricks, blocks, stones etc

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  Manufacturing process of sandcrete blocks and clay block/bricks.
  
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  Sizes of bricks and blocks.
  

Students state the manufacturing process/stages of block/bricks, identify various sizes of block/bricks, visit any site of manufacturing block/bricks.

Resources; hand mould, moulding machine, pallets, mortar, head pan, shovel etc.

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  Method of wall construction.
  
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  Appropriate materials for wall.
  

Students explain methods of wall construction, practical aspect of different types of bonding.

Resources; bricks, trowels, spirit level, blocks, builders square, line and peg, nails etc.

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  Types of wall bonging
  
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  Timber wall construction
  
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  Practical on bonding e.g. streacher, header, Flemish, and English bonding.
  

Students explain methods of wall construction, practical aspect of different types of bonding.

Resources; bricks, trowels, spirit level, blocks, builders square, line and peg, nails etc.

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  Definition of a drainage
  
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  Terms used in drainage works
  
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  Types of drainage
  

Explain principles of drainage, describes types of drainage, sketches and describes drainage system.

Students should be able to define drainage, define some terms used in drainage system, sketch drainage systems.

Resources; drainage materials e.g. cast in site abbestors, PVC etc.

System of drainage

Explain principles of drainage, describes types of drainage, sketches and describes drainage system.

Students should be able to define drainage, define some terms used in drainage system, sketch drainage systems.

Resources; drainage materials e.g. cast in site abbestors, PVC etc.

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  Types of fittings in plumbing and sanitary works
  
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  Tools for plumbing installation
  
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  Types of fittings and materials for fittings.
  
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Students state four types of fittings.

Resources; charts, assorted plumbing fittings, e.g. elbow, tee socket, union, adaptor etc