Gonzaga Debate Institute 2011 Gemini Landsats Neg
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- Inherency – DOI Now
- No Solvency – Outdated
- No Solvency – Long orbits
- No Solvency – Manufacturing error
Inherency – NLIP SolvesNational Land Imaging Program solves long-term data continuity of Landsat Wigbels et al 8 (Lyn, Senior Fellow/Assistant Professor at the Center for Aerospace Policy Research at George Mason University, a Senior Associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies Space Initiatives Program, G. Ryan Faith, adjunct fellow at CSIS, Vincent Sabathier, senior associate with the CSIS Technology and Public Policy Program, CSIS, July, http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/080725_wigbels_earthobservation_web.pdf, accessed 7-6-11, JMB) Land imaging in the United States has been carried out with the Landsat series of missions. The Landsat satellites have always been primarily a program to develop sensors and Earth observation technologies, rather than research involving long-term data acquisition and continuity. Yet. in addition to scientists, many private-sector users are now relying on these technology testbeds to produce data used in an array of Earth observation products. For this reason, the US. government decided it could not continue to provide land imaging on an ad hoc basis, which led to the August 2007 decision to establish a National Land Imaging Program to assume funding and management control of U.S. Land imaging capabilities and applications with the objective of addressing, over the next year, both the development of new capabilities and the long-term data acquisition and continuity needed to support current and future Earth observation applications. Inherency – DOI NowSquo is re-organizing landsats under DOI DOI 11 (Department of the Interior press release, 3/21, http://www.doi.gov/news/pressreleases/Secretary-Salazar-Charts-Future-for-Landsat-Satellite-Program.cfm, accessed 7-3-11, JMB) Under the plans announced by Secretary Salazar and included in the President’s 2012 budget submission, the Department of the Interior’s United States Geological Survey (USGS) will become the permanent budgetary and managerial home for future Landsat satellites missions, a recommendation that was also endorsed by the past Administration. Landsat satellites capture data about the Earth’s surface that no other private or public source can provide. This unique data has become vital to agricultural, water management, disaster response, scientific, and national security uses, providing hundreds of millions of dollars in estimated value to the U.S. economy per year. The USGS already owns and operates the two Landsat satellites currently in orbit and is working in partnership with NASA to develop the LDCM satellite mission. NASA’s expertise will be retained under the announced plans, with NASA continuing to build and launch future Landsat satellites for USGS. The plans will require Congressional approval to be finalized. No Solvency – OutdatedLandsats outdated—only LDCM solves Keck 11 (Zachary, DC Foreign Policy Analyst @ The Examiner, CNAS, 3/30, http://www.cnas.org/blogs/naturalsecurity/2011/03/satellites-you-need-know-landsat-granddaddy-them-all.html, accessed 7-6-11, CH) The Landsat program is a set of moderate resolution satellites that have been collecting images of the Earth for nearly 39 years, the longest continuous mission of its kind. It has many applications for natural security topics. Currently it is operating two satellites - Landsat-5, launched in 1984, and Landsat-7 launched in 1999 – although their continued operation remains in doubt. As a 2007 report by the Office of Science and Technology Policy concluded, “The currently functioning U.S. moderate resolution satellites (Landsat 5 and 7) are operating beyond their design lifetimes in degraded status and are subject to failure at any time.” To maintain the uninterrupted flow of moderate resolution data, the United States must ensure that the successor program, Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM), gets up and running quickly. No Solvency – Long orbitsLandsat 5 only captures a given spot every 16 days Gutro 9 (Rob, Public Affairs Officer and Meteorologist @ NASA, http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/news-archive/news_0188.html, 1/12, DA 7/4/11, OST) NASA satellites have many applications, including observations to improve understanding of the global integrated Earth system, improve forecasts of hurricanes, and help federal and state agencies assess damages produced by natural hazards such as hurricanes. Landsat 5 produces 185-kilometer (115 mile) images with a 30-meter (98 feet) ground sampling size that can discern areas changed by hurricanes and tropical storms. Landsat 5 can capture imagery of a given geographic location every 16 days. No Solvency – Manufacturing errorNew GPS satellites will suffer from manufacturing errors Farrel 9 (Nick, Author and journalist, fudzilla.com/home/item/5878-new-gps-satellites-inaccurate, 6/18, DA 7/7/11, OST) The last GPS satellite launched by the Pentagon is not working properly and there are fears that the problems might extend to the designs of all of the next generation of the widely used satellites. The Air Force's Southern California space acquisition centre said that a GPS satellite, manufactured by Lockheed Martin and launched in March, is experiencing “performance problems” in orbit. It is expected to undergo a battery of tests expected to stretch through October to try to resolve the problems. The current iteration of satellites uses a faulty signal Farrel 9 (Nick, Author and journalist, fudzilla.com/home/item/5878-new-gps-satellites-inaccurate, 6/18, DA 7/7/11, OST) The satellite is the first to include a new civilian frequency, L5, which is designed for use by future nationwide air-traffic control systems. However it looks like that signal is interfering with other signals from the satellite and reducing their accuracy. The degraded signals are accurate only to about 20 feet, versus about two feet for typical GPS signals. Boeing has 12 satellites it wants to launch using the same L5 signal. Already the project is years behind schedule and hundreds of millions of dollars over budget. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. 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