Gonzaga Debate Institute 2011 Mercury China Coop Aff
Coop Solves Relations – Space Key
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Coop Solves Relations – Space KeySpace can save relations with China Seedhouse,. Ph. D. in aerospace science and FBI consultant, 2010 (Erik, “The New Space Race: China vs. the US” Springer and Praxis Publishing Co., http://www.scribd.com/doc/31809026/The-New-Space-Race-China-Vs, accessed: 6/30/11, SL) ALTERNATIVE FUTURES: COOPERATING WITH CHINA Unpredictable outcomes On certain diplomatic levels, the Sino US relationship is similar to the one that existed between the Soviet Union and the US more than four decades ago. In 1%2. at the height of the Cold War. few would have predicted the possibility of a joint spaceflight, but just 10 years later, a bilateral agreement led to the docking of Soyuz and Apollo spacecrafts. While the Apollo Soyuz Test Program (ASTP) was undoubtedly a significant political and historical event, many analysts still harbored fears about the Soviet Union's ultimate intentions, even after astronaut Thomas Stafford and cosmonaut Alexei Leonov shook hands on July 17th. 1975. Given these suspicions, few would have believed the unprecedented level of cooperation that took place during the Shuttle Mir era between 1994 and 1998. During this timeframe. American astronauts spent nearly 1.000 days living in orbit with Russian cosmonauts onboard the Russian space station. Mir (Figure 9.2). The Shuttle Mir program, which witnessed 10 dockings of the Space Shuttle with Mir. not only prepared the way for the ISS, but began an era of cooperation seldom seen in human history. Less than a decade after the end of the Shuttle Mir program, it was the Russian Soyuz capsule that assured access to space for NASA astronauts following the Columbia accident in 2003. It was an outcome few could have predicted. The point is that it is impossible to predict the future, just as it is impossible to know if or how Sino US relations might develop. The Soviet US lesson has taught us that despite fears about the Soviet Union's intentions, informed decisions were made about how the Soviet Union and the US might cooperate in space. These decisions ultimately resulted in a productive international partnership that served to build confidence between the two nations and advanced space exploration. How-such a level of cooperation and agreement may be achieved between China and the US is as difficult to predict as the ASTP and the Shuttle Mir program, but there are some policies and guidelines that, if followed, may enable such collaboration to be realized. Avoiding u descent into space warfare While the idea of collaborating militarily with the Chinese is a non-starter, the notion of security collaboration has been suggested as a means of moving towards a common interest. One low-level route to collaboration would be to open treaty negotiations with China on the subject of the military use of space. Another option discussed in the left-leaning sections of the blogosphere is to establish rules of the road for space, akin lo the code of conduct that exists at sea. Such an agreement would create special caution and safely areas around satellites, provide notification measures, and restrict actions such as ASAT tests. Coop Solves Relations – TechTechnological and scientific cooperation key to relations Haijun,Xinhua writer, 4/11/11 [Ren, Xinhua writer, Xinhua Net, “U.S.-China S&T cooperation strong part of bilateral relations: Obama's science adviser”4/11/11http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/indepth/2011-04/11/c_13823171.htm, accessed 6/31/11, HK] WASHINGTON, April 10 (Xinhua) -- Ahead of the second meeting of the U.S.-China High-Level Consultation on People-to-People Exchange, the top U.S. science adviser spoke highly of the two countries' cooperation in science and technology. "U.S.-China science and technology cooperation remains one of the strongest aspects of our bilateral relationship," John Holdren, science and technology adviser to U.S. President Barack Obama, said in a written interview with Xinhua Thursday. Cooperation in science and technology continues to focus on some of the greatest challenges facing the two countries in the 21st century, such as energy efficiency research to address climate change, he said. The launch of the U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center, announced jointly by Obama and Chinese President Hu Jintao in November 2009, has provided a telling example of such cooperation with a focus on energy-efficiency buildings, carbon capture and storage technology as well as low emission vehicles, Holdren said. On top of that, the two countries have conducted cooperation in agricultural science and technology, such as agricultural biotechnology, natural resource management, food safety, water conservation, agricultural technology and bioenergy. "Energy and agriculture are just two areas of increased cooperation; we have collaborative activities spanning across many U.S. government agencies," Holdren said. The earliest bilateral deal in science and technology since the normalization of China-U.S. relations dates back to January 1979, when the U.S.-China bilateral Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement was signed along with the establishment of the Joint Commission on Science and Technology Cooperation between the United States and China, he said. "As a result, for over thirty years science and technology have played an active role in promoting bilateral relations between our two countries," he said. Before joining the U.S. government, Holdren committed himself for many years to exchanges on energy technology, environmental science, as well as science and technology policy. Before joining Obama's team, Holdren was a professor working on climate and energy issues at Harvard University, where he led a program on science, technology and public policy. He served on former president Bill Clinton's science advisory team and was former president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, where he pushed for more urgent action on global warming. Holdren currently co-chairs the Joint Commission with Chinese Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang. The duo signed the renewal of the bilateral Science and Technology Agreement during the China-U.S. summit held in Washington in January. "This renewal signifies the continuing commitment of the two countries to maintain and expand the historical emphasis on science and technology cooperation as a mainstay of our relationship," Holdren said. Holdren also recalled his visit to Tongji University in Shanghai, China, last October. "I was struck by the questions and deep interest (shown) by both faculty members and students in science and technology developments in the United States," he said. "This interest -- in fields as diverse as nanotechnology, transportation, clean energy, and climate change -- demonstrates that there continues to be a large role for science and technology cooperation between both countries to tackle some of the greatest challenges that we jointly face in the 21st century," Holdren said. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.99 Mb. Share with your friends:
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