Grade Level/Unit Number: 7th grade/Unit 3 II: Unit Title: Weather & Atmosphere



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Engage:


Give students a few of the ultraviolet beads or a bracelet they can wear or add to their book bag. Take students outside and allow them to investigate what the beads are and what they do. Do not tell them ahead of time that the beads are triggered by ultraviolet light. Once you expose the beads to sunlight/ UV light they will turn bright colors. Allow students time to see the change. After investigation they should determine that the beads did not change color inside, but the beads changed color when exposed to sunlight. Explain the purpose of the assignment.

Students can complete the list of tasks as a class or give several beads to each student and assign tasks to be completed for homework.


TASK: Develop or design several experiments to test what will cause the beads to change color and what will cause them to stay the same. Each student must carry out 5 inquiry investigations. You may assign them any from the list below or allow them to create their own. Students can complete the task at home or as a class. You can also divide the choices and explore several during one class period.

  1. Do the beads change when in the sun, but under sunglasses?

  2. Do the beads change when submersed in sunscreen?

  3. Test the various SPF’s of sunscreen and the affect on the beads.

  4. Do the beads change when the sky is overcast or cloudy?

  5. Do the beads change when it is raining? (sprinkling vs. heavy rain)

  6. Do the beads change when in the sun, but submersed under water?

  7. Do the beads change inside a car? Do tinted windows affect the results?

  8. Do the beads change differently when on different colored surfaces, such as bright, dark or black construction paper?

  9. Do the beads change differently when on different materials, such as cotton, fleece, metallic, black, vinyl, felt….?

  10. Do the beads change under soil, or in a bush, or under a shaded tree?

  11. Do the beads change when placed under a tissue? If so, measure how many tissues it takes before no change occurs.

  12. Do the beads change when kept inside but held up to a window?

  13. Do the beads change when held under a shelter but a mirror is used to bounce sunlight onto the bead?

  14. Does the shade of the beads change based on the intensity of the light? (does more sun= brighter beads?)

  15. Do the beads change when held under fluorescent light, halogen light, a black light or a heat lamp?

  16. Do the beads change when exposed to tanning bed lights? (This one may be difficult to do- but is still interesting to find out!)

  17. Do the beads change when sheltered under different umbrellas such as dark, light, clear….?

  18. Do the beads change under plastic wrap, clear trash bags, or zipper bags?

  19. Will the beads change if closed in a clear jar or Ziploc container?

  20. Do the beads still change in the winter, or when it is snowing?

  21. Will the beads change in a microwave oven?

Purpose of lab: To have students investigate ultraviolet light. Even though it may not be sunny outside, people are still exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Necessary precautions must be taken in order to protect yourself from exposure. (both long term and short term) Allow students to write up their findings on the included lab report (attachment 1).



Ultraviolet Radiation background information:

Sunlight is the greatest source of UV radiation. Man-made ultraviolet sources include several types of UV lamps. UV radiation is commonly used in industrial processes and in medical and dental practices for a variety of purposes, such as killing bacteria, creating fluorescent effects, welding, phototherapy and sun tanning.


The sun radiates energy in a wide range of wavelengths, most of which are invisible to human eyes. The shorter the wavelength, the more energetic the radiation, and the greater the potential for harm. Living things and the cells they are made of are protected from large amounts of UV radiation by a chemical called ozone. A layer of ozone in the upper atmosphere absorbs UV radiation and prevents most of it from reaching the Earth. Without the layer of ozone in the stratosphere to protect us from excessive amounts of UV-B radiation, life as we know it would not be the same. Ozone can be good or bad, depending on where it is found.

Good ozone (stratospheric ozone)- shields us from the suns UV rays. It is found 10-30 miles above Earth’s surface in the stratosphere.

Bad ozone (tropospheric ozone)- found in the lower atmosphere, near the ground, is formed by cars, power plants, chemical plants and other sources that react in the presence of sunlight. It is a greater concern in areas with higher temperatures and higher pollution.

Who is at the highest risk for damage from the ozone?



  1. Children who spend a lot of time playing outdoors in the summer.

  2. Anyone who has asthma or other respiratory disorders.

  3. Adults of all ages who work vigorously outside.

Ozone is like sunburn for the lungs. The only difference is that the lungs have no nerves, so you can’t feel the pain.
If you want to discuss ozone, can visit the following website and request a class set of the booklet titled Ozone Alert. It is also in a PDF file so you can print it out or project it on an overhead. It shows the direct effect that ozone (good and bad) has on the environment and the human body.

http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/teachers/lesson.cfm#Booklets
Discuss with the students that radiation is good because it keeps Earth warm. Some UV exposure is essential for good health because it stimulates vitamin D production in the body. In medical practice, UV lamps are used for treating psoriasis and for treating jaundice in newborn babies.
However, ultraviolet radiation can also be harmful because too much exposure can lead to cancer. Possible eye damage can result from high doses of UV light, particularly to the cornea, which is a good absorber of UV light. Even careful tanning kills skin cells, damages DNA and causes permanent changes in skin connective tissue, leading to wrinkle formation in later life. (There is no such thing as a safe tan.)
Day 3


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