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#659a. Damage -- N.

[ref: R659, deterioration @P2.6.4.8.2 (Pathology)].

damage, loss, detriment, impairment, inquination[obs1], vitiation, injury.

deterioration, debasement; wane, ebb; recession &c. 287; retrogradation &c. 283[obs3]; decrease &c. 36.

perversion, prostitution.

discoloration, oxidation, pollution, defoedation[obs1].

leaven, contamination, corruption, adulteration, alloy.

decline, declension[obs3], declination.

decay, dilapidation, ravages of time, wear and tear; corrosion, erosion; moldiness, rottenness; moth and rust, dry rot, blight, marasmus[obs3], atrophy, collapse; disorganization; delabrement &c. (destruction)[Fr]. 162.
<-- this is the general concept of improvement. Healing is separate, under medicine @ P2.6.4.8.2 -->

#658a. Improvement. -- N.

[ref: R658 Healing, @P2.6.4.8.2].

improvement; amelioration, melioration; betterment; mend, amendment, emendation; mending &c. v.; advancement; advance &c. (progress) 282; ascent &c. 305; promotion, preferment; elevation &c. 307; increase &c. 35.

reform, reformation; revision, radical reform; second thoughts, correction, limoe labor[Lat], refinement, elaboration; purification &c. 652; oxidation; repair &c. (restoration) 660; recovery &c. 660.

revise, new edition.

{{performed_by: reformer, radical}}[context: politics].


M2.2.3 Contingent Subservience to ends R664 to R679

<-- 664. Safety 665. Danger

666. Refuge 667. Pitfall

668. Warning

669. Alarm

670. Preservation

671. Escape

672. Deliverance



3. Precursory Measures

673. Preparation 674. Nonpreparation

675. Essay

676. Undertaking

677. Use 678. Disuse

679. Misuse

-->

#664. Safety. -- N. safety, security, surety.

impregnability; invulnerability, invulnerableness &c. adj.; danger past, danger over; storm blown over; coast clear; escape &c. 671; means of escape; blow valve, safety valve, release valve, sniffing valve; safeguard, palladium.

{{&result_of}} protection; precaution.

{[of(person)]} {{has_subtype(protection)}} guardianship, wardship, wardenship; tutelage; auspices; safe-conduct, escort, convoy.

preservation &c. 670.

{{has_subtype(protection)}} custody, safekeeping.

guard, shield &c. (defense) 717; guardian angel; tutelary god, tutelary deity, tutelary saint; genius loci.

{{performed_by: protector, guardian; warden, warder; preserver, custodian, duenna[Sp], chaperon, third person}}.

[Means of safety] refuge &c. anchor &c. 666; precaution &c. (preparation) 673; quarantine, cordon sanitaire[Fr]. confidence &c. 858[Sense of security].

V. be safe &c. adj.; keep one's head above water, tide over, save one's bacon; ride out the storm, weather the storm; light upon one's feet, land on one's feet; bear a charmed life; escape &c. 671.

make safe , render safe &c. adj.; protect; take care of &c. (care) 459; preserve &c. 670; cover, screen, shelter, shroud, flank, ward; guard &c. (defend) 717; secure &c. (restrain) 751; entrench, intrench[obs3], fence round &c. (circumscribe) 229; house, nestle, ensconce; take charge of.

escort, convoy; garrison; watch, mount guard, patrol.

make assurance doubly sure &c. (caution) 864; take up a loose thread; take precautions &c. (prepare for) 673; double reef topsails.

seek safety; take shelter, find shelter &c. 666.

Adj. safe, secure, sure; in safety, in security; on the safe side; under the shield of, under the shade of, under the wing of, under the shadow of one's wing; under cover, under lock and key; out of danger, out of the woods, out of the meshes, out of harm's way; unharmed, unscathed; on sure ground, at anchor, high and dry, above water; unthreatened[obs3], unmolested; protected &c. v.; cavendo tutus[Lat]; panoplied &c. (defended) 717[obs3].

snug, seaworthy; weatherproof, waterproof, fireproof.

defensible, tenable, proof against, invulnerable; unassailable, unattackable, impenetrable; impregnable, imperdible[obs1]; inexpugnable; Achillean[obs3].

safe and sound &c. (preserved) 670;scathless &c. (perfect) 650[obs3]; unhazarded[obs3]; not dangerous &c. 665.

unthreatening, harmless; friendly (cooperative) 709.

protecting, protective &c. v.; guardian, tutelary; preservative &c. 670; trustworthy &c. 939.



adv. ex abundanti cautela[Lat][obs3]; with impunity.

phr. all's well; salva res est[Lat]; suave mari magno[Lat]; a couvert[Fr]; e terra alterius spectare laborem [Lat][Lucretius]; Dieu vous garde[Fr].

#665. Danger. -- N. danger, peril, insecurity, jeopardy, risk, hazard, venture, precariousness, slipperiness; instability &c. 149; defenselessness &c. adj.; exposure &c. (liability) 177; vulnerability; vulnerable point, heel of Achilles[obs3]; forlorn hope &c. (hopelessness) 859.

[Dangerous course] leap in the dark &c. (rashness) 863; road to ruin, faciles descensus Averni [Lat][Vergil], hairbreadth escape.

cause for alarm; source of danger &c. 667. rock ahead[Approach of danger], breakers ahead; storm brewing; clouds in the horizon, clouds gathering; warning &c. 668; alarm &c. 669.

[Sense of danger] apprehension &c. 860.



V. be in danger &c. adj.; be exposed to danger, run into danger, incur danger, encounter danger &c. n.; run a risk; lay oneself open to &c. (liability) 177; lean on a broken reed, trust to a broken reed; feel the ground sliding from under one, have to run for it; have the chances against one, have the odds against one, face long odds; be in deep trouble, be between a rock and a hard place.

hang by a thread, totter; sleep on a volcano, stand on a volcano; sit on a barrel of gunpowder, live in a glass house.

bring in danger, place in danger, put in danger , place in jeopardy, put in jeopardy &c. n.; endanger, expose to danger, imperil; jeopard[obs3], jeopardize; compromise; sail too near the wind &c. (rash) 863.

adventure, risk, hazard, venture, stake, set at hazard; run the gauntlet &c. (dare) 861; engage in a forlorn hope.

threaten danger &c. 909; run one hard; lay a trap for &c. (deceive) 545.

Adj. in danger &c. n.; endangered &c. v.; fraught with danger; dangerous, hazardous, perilous, parlous, periculous[obs1]; unsafe, unprotected &c. (safe, protect &c. 664);insecure, . untrustworthy; built upon.sand, on a sandy basis; wildcat.

defenseless, fenceless, guardless[obs3], harborless; unshielded; vulnerable, expugnable[obs3], exposed; open to &c. (liable) 177.



aux abois[Fr], at bay; on the wrong side of the wall, on a lee shore, on the rocks.

at stake, in question; precarious, critical, ticklish; slippery, slippy; hanging by a thread &c. v.; with a halter round one's neck; between the hammer and the anvil, between Scylla and Charybdis, between a rock and a hard place, between the devil and the deep blue sea, between two fires; on the edge of a precipice, on the brink of a precipice, on the verge of a precipice, on the edge of a volcano; in the lion's den, on slippery ground, under fire; not out of the wood.

unwarned, unadmonished, unadvised, unprepared &c. 674; off one's guard &c. (inexpectant) 508[obs3].

tottering; unstable, unsteady; shaky, top-heavy, tumbledown, ramshackle, crumbling, waterlogged; helpless, guideless[obs3]; in a bad way; reduced to the last extremity, at the last extremity; trembling in the balance; nodding to its fall &c. (destruction) 162. threatening &c. 909; ominous, ill-omened; alarming &c. (fear) 860; explosive.

adventurous &c. (rash) 863, (bold) 861.

phr. incidit in Scyllam qui vult vitare Charybdim[Lat]; nam tua res agitur paries dum proximus ardet[Lat].

#666. [Means of safety.] Refuge. -- N. refuge, sanctuary, retreat, fastness; acropolis; keep, last resort; ward; prison &c. 752; asylum, ark, home, refuge for the destitute; almshouse[obs3]; hiding place &c. (ambush) 530; sanctum sanctorum &c. (privacy) 893[Lat].

roadstead, anchorage; breakwater, mole, port, haven; harbor, harbor of refuge; seaport; pier, jetty, embankment, quay.

covert, cover, shelter, screen, lee wall, wing, shield, umbrella; barrier; dashboard, dasher [U.S.].

wall &c. (inclosure) 232; fort &c. (defense) 717.

anchor, kedge; grapnel, grappling iron; sheet anchor, killick[obs3]; mainstay; support &c. 215; cheek &c. 706; ballast.

jury mast; vent-peg; safety valve, blow-off valve; safety lamp; lightning rod, lightning conductor; safety belt, airbag, seat belt; antilock brakes, antiskid tires, snow tires.

means of escape &c. (escape) 671 lifeboat, lifejacket, life buoy, swimming belt, cork jacket; parachute, plank, steppingstone; emergency landing.

safeguard &c. (protection) 664.



V. seek refuge, take refuge, find refuge &c. n.; seek safety, find safety &c. 664; throw oneself into the arms of; break for taller timber [U. S.].

create a diversion.



Phr. any port in a storm; bibere venenum in auro[Lat]; valet anchora virtus[obs3].
<-- pitfall is related to deceiver and danger

-->
#667. [Source of danger.] Pitfall. -- N. rocks, reefs, coral reef, sunken rocks, snags; sands, quicksands; syrt[obs1], syrtis[obs1]; Goodwin sands, sandy foundation; slippery ground; breakers, shoals, shallows, bank, shelf, flat, lee shore, ironbound coast; rock ahead, breakers ahead.

precipice; maelstrom, volcano; ambush &c. 530; pitfall, trapdoor; trap &c. (snare) 545.

sword of Damocles; wolf at the door, snake in the grass, death in the pot; latency &c. 526.

ugly customer, dangerous person, le chat qui dort[Fr]; firebrand, hornet's nest.

Phr. latet anquis in herba [Lat][Vergil]; proximus ardet Ucalegon [Lat][Vergil].
#668. Warning. -- N. warning, early warning, caution, caveat; notice &c. (information) 527; premonition, premonishment[obs3]; prediction &c. 511; contraindication, lesson, dehortation[obs3]; admonition, monition; alarm &c. 669.

handwriting on the wall, mene mene tekel upharsin, red flag, yellow flag; fog-signal, foghorn; siren; monitor, warning voice, Cassandra[obs3], signs of the times, Mother Cary's chickens[obs3], stormy petrel, bird of ill omen, gathering clouds, clouds in the horizon, death watch.

watchtower, beacon, signal post; lighthouse &c. (indication of locality) 550. sentinel, sentry,; watch, watchman; watch and ward; watchdog, bandog[obs3], housedog[obs3]; patrol, patrolman, vedette[obs3], picket, bivouac, scout, spy, spial[obs1]; undercover agent, mole, plainclothesman; advanced guard, rear guard; lookout.

cautiousness &c. 864.

monitor, guard camera,

radar, AWACS, spy satellite, spy-in-the-sky, U2 plane, spy plane.



V. warn, caution; forewarn, prewarn[obs3]; admonish, premonish[obs3]; give notice, give warning, dehort[obs3]; menace &c. (threaten) 909; put on one's guard; sound the alarm &c. 669; croak.

beware, ware; take warning, take heed at one's peril; keep watch and ward &c. (care) 459.



Adj. warning &c. v.; premonitory, monitory, cautionary; admonitory, admonitive[obs3]; sematic[Biol].

warned, forewarned &c. v.; on one's guard &c. (careful) 459, (cautious) 864.



adv. in terrorem &c. (threat) 909[Lat].

Int. beware! ware! take care! look out! fore![golf], mind what you are about!, take care what you are about! mind!

Phr. ne reveillez pas le chat qui dort [French: don't wake a sleeping cat]; foenum habet in cornu[Lat]; caveat actor; le silence du people est la legon des rois[Fr]; verbum sat sapienti [Latin: a word to the wise is sufficient]; un averti en vaut deux[Fr].
#669. [Indication of danger.] Alarm. -- N. alarm; alarum, larum[obs3], alarm bell, tocsin, alerts, beat of drum, sound of trumpet, note of alarm, hue and cry, fire cross, signal of distress; blue lights; war-cry, war-whoop; warning &c. 668; fog-signal, foghorn; yellow flag; danger signal; red light, red flag; fire bell; police whistle.

false alarm, cry of wolf; bug-bear, bugaboo.



V. give the alarm, raise the alarm, sound the alarm, turn in the alarm, beat the alarm, give an alarm, raise an alarm, sound an alarm, turn in an alarm, beat an alarm &c. n.; alarm; warn &c. 668; ring the tocsin; battre la generale[Fr]; cry wolf.

Adj. alarming &c. v.

Int. sauve qui peut[Fr]! [French: every man for himself]; qui vive? [Fr].
#670. Preservation. -- N. preservation; safe-keeping; conservation &c. (storage) 636; maintenance, support, susteritation[obs3], conservatism; vis conservatrix[obs3]; salvation &c. (deliverance) 672.

prophylaxis[Means of preservation]; preserver, preservative, additive; antibiotics, antifungals[Med], biocide; hygiastics[obs3], hygiantics[obs3]; cover, drugget[obs3]; cordon sanitaire[Fr]; canning; ensilage; tinned goods, canned goods.

[Superstitious remedies] snake oil, cure-all; charm &c. 993.

V. preserve, maintain, keep, sustain, support, hold; keep up, keep alive; refrigerate, keep on ice;not willingly let die; bank up; nurse; save, rescue; be safe, make safe &c. 664; take care of &c. (care) 459; guard &c. (defend) 717.

stare super antiquas vias [Lat][obs3][Bacon]; hold one's own; hold one's ground, stand one's ground &c. (resist) 719.

embalm, cure, salt, pickle, season, kyanize[obs1], bottle, pot, tin, can; sterilize, pasteurize, radiate; dry, lyophilize[Chem], freeze-dry, concentrate, evaporate; freeze, quick-freeze, deep-freeze; husband &c. (store) 636.



Adj. preserving &c. v.; conservative; prophylactic; preservatory[obs3], preservative; hygienic.

preserved &c. v.; unimpaired, unbroken, uninjured, unhurt, unsinged[obs3], unmarred; safe, safe and sound; intact, with a whole skin.



Phr. nolumus leges Angliae mutari[Lat][obs3].
#671. Escape. -- N.escape, scape; avolation[obs1], elopement, flight; evasion &c. (avoidance) 623; retreat; narrow escape, hairbreadth escape; close call; come off, impunity.

loophole &c. (opening) 260[Means of escape]; path &c. 627; refuse &c. 666; vent, vent peg; safety valve; drawbridge, fire escape.

reprieve &c. (deliverance) 672; liberation &c. 750. refugee &c. (fugitive) 623.

V. escape, scape; make one's escape, effect one's escape, make good one's escape; break jail; get off, get clear off, get well out of; echapper belle[Fr], save one's bacon, save one's skin; weather the storm &c. (safe) 664; escape scot-free.

elude &c., make off &c. (avoid) 623;. march off &c. (go away) 293; give one the slip; slip through the hands, slip through the fingers; slip the collar, wriggle out of prison, break out, break loose, break loose from prison; break away, slip away, get away; find vent, find a hole to creep out of.

disappear, vanish.

Adj..escaping, escaped &c. v. stolen away, fled.

Phr. the bird has flown the coop.
#672. Deliverance. -- N. deliverance, extrication, rescue; reprieve, reprieval[obs3]; respite; liberation &c. 750; emancipation; redemption, salvation; riddance; gaol delivery; redeemableness[obs3].

V. deliver, extricate, rescue, save, emancipate, redeem, ransom; bring off,bring through; tirer d'affaire[Fr], get the wheel out of the rut, snatch from the jaws of death, come to the rescue; rid; retrieve &c. (restore) 660; be rid of, get rid of.

Adj. saved &c. v. extricable, redeemable, rescuable.

Int. to the rescue!

<--%

3. Precursory Measures

%-->[[preparation]]



#673. Preparation. -- N. preparation; providing &c. v.; provision, providence.

precaution, preconcertation[obs3], predisposition.

forecast &c. (plan) 626; rehearsal, practise, note of preparation.

{{mcaused_by: anticipation, foresight, R510}}.

[Putting in order] arrangement &c. 60.

clearance; adjustment &c. 23; tuning.

equipment, equippage, outfit, outfitting, accouterment, armament, array.

ripening &c. v.; maturation, evolution; elaboration, concoction, digestion.

gestation, batching, incubation, sitting.

[preparative study] homework.

groundwork, spadework, first stone, cradle, stepping-stone.

foundation, scaffold &c. (support) 215; scaffolding, echafaudage[Fr].

[Preparation of men] training &c. (education) 537; inurement &c. (habit) 613; novitiate.

[ Preparation of food]cooking, cookery; brewing, culinary art.

[ Preparation of the soil] tilling , plowing, sowing; semination[obs3], cultivation.

[State of being prepared] preparedness, readiness, ripeness, mellowness; maturity; un impromptu fait a loisir[Fr].

[ref: person who prepares, Preparer].

V. prepare; get ready, make ready; make preparations, settle preliminaries, get up, sound the note of preparation.

set in order, put in order &c. (arrange) 60; forecast &c. (plan) 626 prepare the ground, plow the ground, dress the ground; till the soil, cultivate the soil.

lay the foundations, predispose, sow the seed, lay a train, dig a mine; lay the groundwork, fix the groundwork, lay the basis, fix the basis, fix the foundations; dig the foundations, erect the scaffolding.

{{precedes: lay the first stone &c. (begin) 66}}.

roughhew; cut out work; block out, hammer out; lick into shape &c. (form) 240.

elaborate, mature, ripen, mellow, season, bring to maturity; nurture &c. (aid) 707; hatch, cook, brew; temper, anneal, smelt; barbecue; infumate[obs1]; maturate.

equip, arm, man, outfit; fit-out, fit up; furnish, rig, dress, garnish, betrim[obs3], accouter, array, fettle, fledge; pack; dress up, furbish up, brush up, vamp up; refurbish.

sharpen one's tools, trim one's foils, set, prime, attune; whet the knife, whet the sword; wind up, screw up; adjust &c. (fit) 27; put in trim, put in train, put in gear, put in working order, put in tune, put in a groove for, put in harness.

train &c. (teach) 537; inure &c. (habituate) 613; breed; prepare &c. for; rehearse; make provision for; take steps, take measures;; provide, provide against; beat up for recruits; open the door to &c. (facilitate) 705.

set one's house in order, make all snug; clear the decks, clear for action; close one's ranks; shuffle the cards.

prepare oneself; serve an apprenticeship &c. (learn) 539; lay oneself out for, get into harness, gird up one's loins, buckle on one's armor, reculer pour mieux sauter[Fr], prime and load, shoulder arms, get the steam up, put the horses to.

guard against, make sure against, take precautions; forearm, make sure, prepare for the evil day, have a rod in pickle, provide against a rainy day, feather one's nest; lay in provisions &c. 637; make investments; keep on foot.

be prepared, be ready &c. adj.; hold oneself in readiness, keep one's powder dry; lie in wait for &c. (expect) 507.

anticipate &c. (foresee) 510; principiis obstare[Lat]; veniente occurrere morbo[Lat].



Adj. preparing &c. v.; in preparation, in course of preparation, in agitation, in embryo, in hand, in train; afoot, afloat; on foot, on the stocks, on the anvil; under consideration &c. (plan) 626; brewing, batching, forthcoming, brooding; in store for, in reserve.

precautionary, provident; preparative, preparatory; provisional, inchoate, under revision; preliminary &c. (precedent) 62.

prepared &c. v.; in readiness; ready, ready to one's band, ready made, ready cut and dried: made to one's hand, handy, on the table; in gear; in working order,in working gear; snug; in practice.

ripe, mature, mellow; pukka[obs3]; practiced &c. (skilled) 698; labored, elaborate, highly-wrought, smelling of the lamp, worked up.

in full feather, in best bib and tucker; in harness, at harness; in the saddle, in arms, in battle array, in war paint; up in arms; armed at all points, armed to the teeth, armed cap a pie; sword in hand; booted and spurred.

in utrumque paratus[Lat], semper paratus[Lat]; on the alert &c. (vigilant) 459; at one's post.

Adv. preparatively, in preparation, in anticipation of; against, for; abroach[obs3].

Phr. a bove majori discit arare minor[Lat]; "looking before and after " [Hamlet], si vis pacem para bellum[Lat]; "be prepared" [Boy Scouts Motto].
#674. Nonpreparation. -- N. non-preparation, absence of preparation, want of preparation; inculture[obs1], inconcoction[obs1], improvidence.

immaturity, crudity; rawness &c. adj.; abortion; disqualification.

[Absence of art] nature, state of nature; virgin soil, unweeded garden; neglect &c. 460.

rough copy &c. (plan) 626; germ &c. 153; raw material &c. 635.

improvisation &c. (impulse) 612.

{{trait_of: Ethelred the Unready}}.



V. be unprepared &c. adj.; want preparation, lack preparation; lie fallow; s'embarquer sans biscuits[Fr]; live from hand to mouth.

[Render unprepared] dismantle &c. (render useless) 645; undress &c. 226.

extemporize, improvise, ad lib, wing it.

Adj. unprepared, unready &c. [prepare &c. 673]; ill-prepared; without preparation &c. 673; incomplete &c. 53; rudimental, embryonic, abortive; immature, unripe, kachcha[obs3], raw, green, crude; coarse; rough cast, rough hewn; in the rough; unhewn[obs3], unformed, unfashioned[obs3], unwrought, unlabored[obs3], unblown, uncooked, unboiled, unconcocted, unpolished.

unhatched, unfledged, unnurtured[obs3], unlicked[obs3], untaught, uneducated, uncultivated,. untrained, untutored, undrilled, unexercised; deckle-edged[obs3]; precocious, premature; undigested, indigested[obs3]; unmellowed[obs3], unseasoned, unleavened.

unrehearsed, unscripted, extemporaneous, improvised, spontaneous, ad lib, ad libitem [Latin].

fallow; unsown, untilled; natural, in a state of nature; undressed; in dishabille, en deshabille[Fr].

unqualified, disqualified; unfitted; ill-digested; unbegun, unready, unarranged[obs3], unorganized, unfurnished, unprovided, unequipped, untrimmed; out of gear, out of order; dismantled &c. v.

shiftless, improvident, unthrifty, thriftless, thoughtless, unguarded; happy-go-lucky; caught napping &c. (inexpectant) 508[obs3]; unpremeditated &c. 612.



Adv. extempore &c. 612.

#675. Essay. -- N. essay, trial, endeavor, attempt; aim, struggle, venture, adventure, speculation, coup d'essai[Fr], debut; probation &c. (experiment) 463.

V. try, essay; experiment &c. 463; endeavor, strive; tempt, attempt, make an attempt; venture, adventure, speculate, take one's chance, tempt fortune; try one's fortune, try one's luck, try one's hand; use one's endeavor; feel one's way, grope one's way, pick one's way.

try hard, push, make a bold push, use one's best endeavor; do one's best &c. (exertion) 686.



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