ant(i)–2 {opposition}: antacid, antagonize, Antarctica, Antares, anthem, antiaircraft, antibiotic, antibody, antichrist, antidote, antifreeze, antihistamine, antimacassar, antimatter, antinomy, antipathy, antiperspirant, antipodes, anti-Semitic, antiseptic, antisocial, antithesis, antitoxin, antiwar, antonomasia, antonym ●compare pro– || Gr anti– : opposite, before anti– : against
anx– ●see ang–
aph– ●see apo–
api– {bee}: apian, apiary, apiculture, apitoxin, apivorous || L apis : bee apiārius : beekeeper
ap(o)–, aph– {off, off from, away, away from}: aperitif, aperture, aphelion, apheresis, aphorism, apocalypse, apocryphal, apogee, Apollyon, apology, apoplexy, aposematic, apostasy, apostle, apostrophe, apothecary, apothegm, apotheosis || Gr apo : off, from
aps– {arch, to fasten}: apse, apsis, synapse, synapsis || L apsis : an arch Gr hapsis : a fastening haptein : to fasten
apt– {to fit, to make fit}: adapt, apt, aptitude ●attitude, inept ●more at copul– || L apere (pp. aptus) : to fit, to adapt Gr haptein : to fasten
aqu(a)– {water}: aqua, aquacade, Aqualung™, aquamarine, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aquatint, aqueduct, aqueous, aquifer ●see also eau– ●Span. agua || L aqua : water
aquil– {eagle}: Aquila, aquilegia, aquiline || L aquila : eagle aquilīnus : of an eagle
arachn– {spider, arachnid}: Arachne, arachnid, arachnoid, arachnophobia ●Sp. araña ●Fr. araignée ●It. ragno || Gr arachnē : spider †
arbitr– {judge, to use one’s judgment, to decide}: arbiter, arbitrage, arbitrary, arbitration || L arbiter : a witness, a hearer, a judge ad– : to + baetere : to go (one who goes to a place, a witness, a judge); arbitrātus : choice, decision; arbitrārius : arbitrary, uncertain
arbor– {tree}: arbor (spindle, axle), arboraceous, arboreal, arboretum, arboriculture, arborvitae ●unrelated: arbor (shady bower) || L arbor : tree
arc–1 {curve, bow}: arc, arcade, arch (structural), archer, archery || ME ark OFr arc L arcus : bow, arch, arched or curved thing
arc–2 {enclosed, secret, hidden; a closed box, chest}: arcane, arcanum ●ark || L arca : chest, box arcēre : to enclose, to shut in; arcānus : shut, closed, hidden, secret
arch–1 {beginning, earliest}: archaeology, archaic, archegonium, archetype, archive, menarche ●same as arch–2 || ME arche– OE arce- L archi–, arch– Gr archos : first, ruler
arch–2 {to be first, hence: to rule; ruler, chief}: anarchy, archangel, archbishop, archdiocese, archduke, archenemy, archfiend, archipelago, architect, diarchy, eparchy, gynarchy, hierarchy, matriarch, monarch, oligarchy, patriarch, symposiarch, tetrarch, triarchy ●same as arch–1 || ME arche– OE arce– L archi–, arch– Gr archos : first, ruler
arct– {a bear, northern}: Antarctica, arctic, Arcturus || L Arctūrus Gr Arktouros : the star Arcturus, the brightest star in the constellation Boötes, in the northern sky arktos : bear + ouros : a guard, a watcher. Arcturus appears to be watching the constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor (Great Bear and Little Bear).
ard–1 {to burn}: aguardiente, ardent, ardor ●arson ●unrelated: arduous || L ardens (gen ardentis), prp. of ardēre : to burn ardor : flame, burning
ard–2 {[in Germanic names] hard, hardy, strong}: Bernard, Gerard, Leonard, Maynard, Reynard, Richard || OFr OHG hart : hard, strong
are– {open field}: area, areola || L ārea : a level or open space, esp. in a town dim. āreola : a little open space
aren– {sand, sandy place}: arena, arenaceous, arenicolous, arenite || L arēna, harēna : sand, sandy place, an arena in a Roman amphitheater covered with sand, the scene of contention or struggle
argent– {silver}: argent, argentiferous, Argentina, argentine, argentite || L argentum : silver
argill– {clay}: argillaceous, argillite || L argilla : clay Gr argos : white
ari– {air}: aria, ariose, arioso, malaria ●same as aer– || It aria L āēr : air
aristo– {best}: aristocracy, aristocrat, Aristophanes, Aristotle || Gr aristos : best
arithm– {number}: arithmetic, logarithm ●algorithm || Gr arithmein : to count arithmos : number
arium– {a place for}: aquarium, caldarium, cinerarium, Cognātarium, columbarium, herbarium, leprosarium, planetarium, sanitarium, solarium, terrarium ●same as torium–, tory– || L –ārium, neut. sing. of –ārius : a place for, or connected with
arm– {weapon}: alarm, arm, armada, armadillo, armament, armature, armed forces, armistice, armoire, armor, armorer, armory, army, disarm, firearm, gendarme ●unrelated: arm (body part) || L arma : implements, weapons, arms armare : to arm; armāmentārium : armory
art– {creative activity, art, skill, craft}: art, artifact, artifice, artificial, artisan, artist, artistry, artless, artwork, objet d’art ●same as ert– || L artis, gen of ars : profession, art, skill, knowledge, cunning
arthr– {joint}: anarthria, arthritis, arthroplasty, arthropod ●see also articl– || Gr arthron : joint IE *ar(ə)– : to fit together
articl– {joint}: article, articulate, articulated ●see also arthr– || L articulus, dim. of artus : joint IE *ar(ə)– : to fit together
artio– {even (number)}: artiodactyl ●compare perisso– || Gr artios : even
asc(o)– {bladder, bag}: aschelminth, ascites, asclepiadaceous, ascocarp, ascogonium, ascomycete, ascospore, ascus || Gr †askos : wineskin, bladder
ase– {suffix for types of enzymes}: carbohydrase, lipase, nuclease, protease, transcriptase ●there are many enzymes using this suffix || abstracted generic form
aspar– {asparagus}: asparagus, Aspartame™, aspartic acid || L Gr asparagos : asparagus
asper– {rough, to roughen}: ad astra per aspera, asper, asperity, exasperate || L asper : rough asperitās : roughness
asthen– {weakness}: ●see a– (not) + sthen– (strength)
astr– {star}: ad astra per aspera, aster, asterisk, asteroid, astral, astrogation, astrolabe, astrology, astronaut, astronomy, astrophysics, disaster ●Esther || Gr astron : star L astrum : star, constellation
ather– {grain, grainy matter}: atheroma, atherosclerosis || Gr athēr : awn, chaff
athl– {contest}: athlete, athletic, decathlon, pentathlon || Gr athlein : to contest for a prize athlos : a contest & athlon : a prize
atlant– ●see atlas–
atlas–, atlant– {Atlas}: Atlanta, Atlantean, atlantes, Atlantic, Atlantis, Atlas, atlas || Gr Atlas, a figure in Greek mythology who was compelled to bear the world on his shoulders. Atlantic Ocean Atlas Mountains in NW Africa Atlas. Atlas (book of maps) early atlases illustrated with a picture of Atlas bearing the earth.
atm– {air, vapor}: atmometer, atmosphere || Gr atmos : vapor
atom– {atom, extremely small, indivisible}: atom, atomic, atomicity, atomism, atomize || L atomus : incapable of division, atom Gr atomos : uncut, indivisible, atom a– : not + tomos : cut temnein : to cut
audi– {to hear}: audible, audience, audio, audit, audition, auditor, auditorium ●obedient, obey || L audire : to hear audientia : hearing, listening, attention; audītio : a hearing, a listening; audītor : hearer, listener; audītōrium : a place of audience, lecture room
aug– {to increase}: augend, augment, augur, augury, inaugurate ●auction ●same as aux– ●see also august–, author– || LL augēre (pp. auctum, prp. auxi) : to make grow, to increase, to enlarge, to enrich auctor : originator, author
august– {majestic, awe-inspiring}: august, August, Augusta, Augustine, Augustus Cæsar ●see also aug– || L augustus : majestic, dignified augēre : to increase, to enrich
aur–1 {ear}: aural, auricle, auricular, binaural, monaural || L auris : ear, the hearing dim. auricula : the external ear, earlobe
aur–2 {gold}: aureate, Aurelia, Aurelius, aureola, aureole, Aureomycin™, auric, auriferous, aurous, aurum ●same as or–4 || L aurum : gold Au, the chemical symbol for gold
auspic– {a term used in augury: to see omens in birds’ flight}: auspice, auspicial, auspicious ●auspex ●comb. of avi– + spic– || L auspicium : divination by means of birds auspex : one who observes birds for divination avis : bird + speciere : to observe, to look at
austr– {south}: aurora australis, Auster, austral, Australia, Australopithecus ●unrelated: Austria ●compare borea– || L auster : the south wind austrālis : southern
author– {to originate}: author, authoritarian, authoritative, authority, authorize ●see also aug– || ME autour OFr autor L auctor : one who gives increase, hence: originator, causer, doer augēre : to increase, to make grow
aut(o)– {within, self}: authentic, autistic, autobiography, autocrat, autogiro, autograph, automate, automatic, automation, automobile, automotive, autonomous, autopsy, autotomy || Gr autos : self
aux– {to assist, to add to}: auxesis, auxiliary, auxin, auxochrome ●same as aug– || L augēre (prp. auxi) : to make grow, to increase, to enlarge, to enrich, to furnish auxilium : help, assistance; auxiliārius : helping, auxiliary
av– {to desire}: avarice, avid, avidin || L avārus : desirous, covetous, greedy avāritia : avarice, cupidity; avidus : vehemently desiring, longing for
avi– {bird, to fly}: avian, aviary, aviation, aviator, aviatrix, avifauna, avionics, rara avis ●see also auspic– || L avis : bird aviārius : relating to birds; aviārium : aviary
ax– {pivot, hub, axis}: abaxial, adaxial, axilla, axial, axis, axle, axonometric, coaxial, preaxial || L axis : axle, axis
axi– {value, worth}: axiology, axiom, chronaxic || Gr axioun : to think worthy axios : worthy
axil– {armpit}: axil, axilla, axillary || L axilla : armpit
* Unattested, hypothesized
† Unknown origin
165 entries found.
http://davidbrett.uniss.it/morphology/treeDiagEx/treeDiag.html
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